megapixels-next: make it the default camera

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-/build
-/.working
+.working
 result
 result-*
 /secrets/local.nix

.sops.yaml

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 keys:
   - &user_desko_colin age1tnl4jfgacwkargzeqnhzernw29xx8mkv73xh6ufdyde6q7859slsnzf24x
-  - &user_flowy_colin age1nw3z25gn6l8gxneqw43tp8d2354c83d9sn3r0dqy5tapakdwhyvse0j2cc
   - &user_lappy_colin age1j2pqnl8j0krdzk6npe93s4nnqrzwx978qrc0u570gzlamqpnje9sc8le2g
   - &user_servo_colin age1z8fauff34cdecr6sjkre260luzxcca05kpcwvhx988d306tpcejsp63znu
   - &user_moby_colin age1zsrsvd7j6l62fjxpfd2qnhqlk8wk4p8r0dtxpe4sdgnh2474095qdu7xj9
   - &host_crappy age1hl50ufuxnqy0jnk8fqeu4tclh4vte2xn2d59pxff0gun20vsmv5sp78chj
   - &host_desko age1vnw7lnfpdpjn62l3u5nyv5xt2c965k96p98kc43mcnyzpetrts9q54mc9v
-  - &host_flowy age1azm6carlm6tdjup37u5dr40585vjujajev70u4glwd9sv7swa99sk6mswx
   - &host_lappy age1w7mectcjku6x3sd8plm8wkn2qfrhv9n6zhzlf329e2r2uycgke8qkf9dyn
   - &host_servo age1tzlyex2z6t88tg9h82943e39shxhmqeyr7ywhlwpdjmyqsndv3qq27x0rf
   - &host_moby age18vq5ktwgeaysucvw9t67drqmg5zd5c5k3le34yqxckkfj7wqdqgsd4ejmt
@@ -15,13 +13,11 @@ creation_rules:
     key_groups:
     - age:
       - *user_desko_colin
-      - *user_flowy_colin
       - *user_lappy_colin
       - *user_servo_colin
       - *user_moby_colin
       - *host_crappy
       - *host_desko
-      - *host_flowy
       - *host_lappy
       - *host_servo
       - *host_moby
@@ -29,7 +25,6 @@ creation_rules:
     key_groups:
     - age:
       - *user_desko_colin
-      - *user_flowy_colin
       - *user_lappy_colin
       - *user_servo_colin
       - *host_servo
@@ -37,28 +32,18 @@ creation_rules:
     key_groups:
     - age:
       - *user_desko_colin
-      - *user_flowy_colin
       - *user_lappy_colin
       - *host_desko
-  - path_regex: secrets/flowy*
-    key_groups:
-    - age:
-      - *user_lappy_colin
-      - *user_flowy_colin
-      - *user_desko_colin
-      - *host_flowy
   - path_regex: secrets/lappy*
     key_groups:
     - age:
       - *user_lappy_colin
-      - *user_flowy_colin
       - *user_desko_colin
       - *host_lappy
   - path_regex: secrets/moby*
     key_groups:
     - age:
       - *user_desko_colin
-      - *user_flowy_colin
       - *user_lappy_colin
       - *user_moby_colin
       - *host_moby

README.md

@@ -17,27 +17,22 @@ the only hard dependency for my exported pkgs/modules should be [nixpkgs][nixpkg
 building [hosts/](./hosts/) will require [sops][sops].
 
 you might specifically be interested in these files (elaborated further in #key-points-of-interest):
-- [my packages](./pkgs/by-name)
 - [my implementation of impermanence](./modules/persist/default.nix)
 - my way of deploying dotfiles/configuring programs per-user:
   - [modules/fs/](./modules/fs/default.nix)
   - [modules/programs/](./modules/programs/default.nix)
   - [modules/users/](./modules/users/default.nix)
 
-if you find anything here genuinely useful, message me so that i can work to upstream it!
-
 [nixpkgs]: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs
 [sops]: https://github.com/Mic92/sops-nix
 [uninsane-org]: https://uninsane.org
 
-
 ## Using This Repo In Your Own Config
 
 follow the instructions [here][NUR] to access my packages through the Nix User Repositories.
 
 [NUR]: https://nur.nix-community.org/
 
-
 ## Layout
 - `doc/`
   - instructions for tasks i find myself doing semi-occasionally in this repo.
@@ -55,7 +50,7 @@ follow the instructions [here][NUR] to access my packages through the Nix User R
 - `pkgs/`
   - derivations for things not yet packaged in nixpkgs.
   - derivations for things from nixpkgs which i need to `override` for some reason.
-  - inline code for wholly custom packages (e.g. `pkgs/by-name/sane-scripts/` for CLI tools
+  - inline code for wholly custom packages (e.g. `pkgs/additional/sane-scripts/` for CLI tools
     that are highly specific to my setup).
 - `scripts/`
   - scripts which aren't reachable on a deployed system, but may aid manual deployments.
@@ -82,40 +77,44 @@ i.e. you might find value in using these in your own config:
     - populated with some statically-defined data
     - populated according to some script
     - created as a dependency of some service (e.g. `nginx`)
+  - values defined here are applied neither at evaluation time _nor_ at activation time.
+    - rather, they become systemd services.
+    - systemd manages dependencies
+    - e.g. link `/var/www -> /mnt/my-drive/www` only _after_ `/mnt/my-drive/www` appears)
   - this is akin to using [Home Manager's][home-manager] file API -- the part which lets you
     statically define `~/.config` files -- just with a different philosophy.
-    namely, it avoids any custom activation scripts by leveraging `systemd-tmpfiles`.
 - `modules/persist/`
-  - my implementation of impermanence, built atop the above `fs` module, with a few notable features:
-    - no custom activation scripts or services (uses `systemd-tmpfiles` and `.mount` units)
+  - my alternative to the Impermanence module.
+  - this builds atop `modules/fs/` to achieve things stock impermanence can't:
+    - persist things to encrypted storage which is unlocked at login time (pam_mount).
     - "persist" cache directories -- to free up RAM -- but auto-wipe them on mount
       and encrypt them to ephemeral keys so they're unreadable post shutdown/unmount.
-    - persist to encrypted storage which is unlocked at login time.
 - `modules/programs/`
   - like nixpkgs' `programs` options, but allows both system-wide or per-user deployment.
   - allows `fs` and `persist` config values to be gated behind program deployment:
     - e.g. `/home/<user>/.mozilla/firefox` is persisted only for users who
       `sane.programs.firefox.enableFor.user."<user>" = true;`
   - allows aggressive sandboxing any program:
-    - `sane.programs.firefox.sandbox.enable = true;  # wraps the program so that it isolates itself into a new namespace when invoked`
+    - `sane.programs.firefox.sandbox.method = "bwrap";  # sandbox with bubblewrap`
     - `sane.programs.firefox.sandbox.whitelistWayland = true;  # allow it to render a wayland window`
     - `sane.programs.firefox.sandbox.extraHomePaths = [ "Downloads" ];  # allow it read/write access to ~/Downloads`
     - integrated with `fs` and `persist` modules so that programs' config files and persisted data stores are linked into the sandbox w/o any extra involvement.
 - `modules/users/`
   - convenience layer atop the above modules so that you can just write
     `fs.".config/git"` instead of `fs."/home/colin/.config/git"`
-  - simplified `systemd.services` API
+  - per-user services managed by [s6-rc](https://www.skarnet.org/software/s6-rc/)
+
+some things in here could easily find broader use. if you would find benefit in
+them being factored out of my config, message me and we could work to make that happen.
 
 [home-manager]: https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager
 
-
 ## Mirrors
 
 this repo exists in a few known locations:
 - primary: <https://git.uninsane.org/colin/nix-files>
 - mirror: <https://github.com/nix-community/nur-combined/tree/master/repos/colinsane>
 
-
 ## Contact
 
 if you want to contact me for questions, or collaborate to split something useful into a shared repo, etc,

TODO.md

@@ -1,15 +1,33 @@
 ## BUGS
-- alacritty Ctrl+N frequently fails to `cd` to the previous directory
-- bunpen dbus sandboxing can't be *nested* (likely a problem in xdg-dbus-proxy)
-- dissent has a memory leak (3G+ after 24hr)
-  - set a max memory use in the systemd service, to force it to restart as it leaks?
 - `rmDbusServices` may break sandboxing
   - e.g. if the package ships a systemd unit which references $out, then make-sandboxed won't properly update that unit.
   - `rmDbusServicesInPlace` is not affected
+- when moby wlan is explicitly set down (via ip link set wlan0 down), /var/lib/hickory-dns/dhcp-configs doesn't get reset
+  - `ip monitor` can detect those manual link state changes (NM-dispatcher it seems cannot)
+  - or try dnsmasq?
+- hickory-dns can't resolve `abs.twimg.com`
+- hickory-dns can't resolve `social.kernel.org`
+- hickory-dns can't resolve `pe.usps.com`
+- hickory-dns can't resolve `social.seattle.wa.us`
+- hickory-dns can't resolve `support.mozilla.org`
+- hickory-dns can't resolve `shows.acast.com`
+- mpv: continues to play past the end of some audio files
 - mpv: audiocast has mpv sending its output to the builtin speakers unless manually changed
+- `ssh` access doesn't grant same linux capabilities as login
 - syshud (volume overlay): when casting with `blast`, syshud doesn't react to volume changes
+- moby: after bringing the modem up, powering it down loses *complete* net connectivity (i.e. wlan is gone as well)
 - dissent: if i launch it without net connectivity, it gets stuck at the login, and never tries again
-- newsflash on moby can't play videos
+- moby: kaslr is effectively disabled
+  - `dmesg | grep "KASLR disabled due to lack of seed"`
+  - fix by adding `kaslrseed` to uboot script before `booti`
+    - <https://github.com/armbian/build/pull/4352>
+    - not sure how that's supposed to work with tow-boot; maybe i should just update tow-boot
+- moby: bpf is effectively disabled?
+  - `dmesg | grep 'systemd[1]: bpf-lsm: Failed to load BPF object: No such process'`
+  - `dmesg | grep 'hid_bpf: error while preloading HID BPF dispatcher: -22'`
+- `s6` is not re-entrant
+  - so if the desktop crashes, the login process from `unl0kr` fails to re-launch the GUI
+- newflash on moby can't play videos
   - "open in browser" works though -- in mpv
 - gnome-maps can't use geoclue *and* openstreetmap at the same time
   - get gnome-maps to speak xdg-desktop-portal, and this will be fixed
@@ -17,50 +35,38 @@
   - see under "preferences", cookies are disabled
   - prevents logging into websites (OpenStreetMap)
   - works when sandbox is disabled
-- rsync to ssh target fails because of restrictive sandboxing
-- `/mnt/.servo_ftp` retries every 10s, endlessly, rather than doing a linear backoff
-  - repro by `systemctl stop sftpgo` on servo, then watching `mnt-.servo_ftp.{mount,timer}` on desko
-- `ovpns` (and presumably `doof`) net namespaces aren't firewalled
-  - not great because things like `bitmagnet` expose unprotected admin APIs by default!
-- moby: NetworkManager doesn't connect to network until _after_ `systemctl restart NetworkManager`
-  - probably a dependency ordering issue
-    - e.g. we try to bring up NetworkManager before bringing up `lo`
-  - could be a perms issue (over-restrictive sandboxing)
 
 ## REFACTORING:
-- fold hosts/modules/ into toplevel modules/
+- get moby's kernel closer to mainline
+  - i.e. reduce the number of megi patches i apply
+  - don't use pmOS's defconfig, but nixpkgs default config + whatever extras i need
 - add import checks to my Python nix-shell scripts
 - consolidate ~/dev and ~/ref
   - ~/dev becomes a link to ~/ref/cat/mine
 - fold hosts/common/home/ssh.nix -> hosts/common/users/colin.nix
 - don't hardcode IP addresses so much in servo
-- modules/netns: migrate `sane.netns.$NS.services = [ FOO ]` option to be `systemd.services.$FOO.sane.netns = NS`
-  - then change the ExecStartPre check to not ping `ipinfo.net` or whatever.
-    either port all of `sane-ip-check` to use a self-hosted reflector,
-    or settle for something like `test -eq "$(ip route get ...)" "$expectedGateway"`
 
 ### sops/secrets
+- rework secrets to leverage `sane.fs`
+- remove sops activation script as it's covered by my systemd sane.fs impl
 - user secrets could just use `gocryptfs`, like with ~/private?
   - can gocryptfs support nested filesystems, each with different perms (for desko, moby, etc)?
 
+### roles
+- allow any host to take the role of `uninsane.org`
+  - will make it easier to test new services?
+
 ### upstreaming
-- upstream blueprint-compiler cross fixes -> nixpkgs
-- upstream cargo cross fixes -> nixpkgs
-- upstream `gps-share` package -> nixpkgs
+- add updateScripts to all my packages in nixpkgs
 
 #### upstreaming to non-nixpkgs repos
-- gnome-calls: retry net connection when DNS is down
 - gtk: build schemas even on cross compilation: <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/247844>
-- linux: upstream PinePhonePro device trees
-- nwg-panel: configurable media controls
-- nwg-panel / playerctl hang fix (i think nwg-panel is what should be patched here)
+- gnome-calls retry net connection when DNS is down
 
 
 ## IMPROVEMENTS:
-- servo: expand /boot to 2 GiB like all other hosts
-- moby: port to systemd-boot
-- sane-deadlines: show day of the week for upcoming items
-  - and only show on "first" terminal opened; not on Ctrl+N terminals
+- zfs: replace this with something which doesn't require a custom kernel build
+- mpv: add media looping controls (e.g. loop song, loop playlist)
 - curlftpfs: replace with something better
   - safer (rust? actively maintained? sandboxable?)
   - handles spaces/symbols in filenames
@@ -70,60 +76,39 @@
   - matrix room links *just work*.
   - `network.protocol-handler.external.https = true` in about:config *seems* to do this,
     but breaks some webpages (e.g. Pleroma)
-- associate http(s)://*.pdf with my pdf handler
-  - can't do that because lots of applications don't handle URIs
-  - could workaround using a wrapper that downloads the file and then passes it to the program
-- geary: replace with envelope
-  - likely requires updating envelope to a more recent version (for multi-accounting), and therefore updating libadwaita...
 
 ### security/resilience
+- enable `snapper` btrfs snapshots (`services.snapper`)
 - /mnt/desko/home, etc, shouldn't include secrets (~/private)
   - 95% of its use is for remote media access and stuff which isn't in VCS (~/records)
-- harden systemd services:
-  - servo: `coturn.service`
-  - servo: `postgresql.service`
-  - servo: `postfix.service`
-  - servo: `prosody.service`
-  - servo: `slskd.service`
-  - desko: `usbmuxd.service`
-  - servo: `backup-torrents.service`
-  - servo: `dedupe-media.service`
-  - remove SGID /run/wrappers/bin/sendmail, and just add senders to `postdrop` group
 - port all sane.programs to be sandboxed
   - sandbox `nix`
   - enforce that all `environment.packages` has a sandbox profile (or explicitly opts out)
-  - enforce granular dbus sandboxing (bunpen-dbus-*)
-- make gnome-keyring-daemon less monolithic
-  - no reason every application with _a_ secret needs to see _all_ secrets
-  - check out oo7-daemon?
-  - also unix-pass based provider: <https://github.com/mdellweg/pass_secret_service>
+  - lock down dbus calls within the sandbox
+    - otherwise anyone can `systemd-run --user ...` to potentially escape a sandbox
+    - <https://github.com/flatpak/xdg-dbus-proxy>
 - make dconf stuff less monolithic
   - i.e. per-app dconf profiles for those which need it. possible static config.
   - flatpak/spectrum has some stuff to proxy dconf per-app
-- rework `programs` API to be just an overlay which wraps each binary in an env with XDG_DATA_DIRS etc set & the config/state links placed in /nix/store instead of $HOME.
 
 ### user experience
-- setup a real calendar system, for recurring events
 - rofi: sort items case-insensitively
-- rofi: enable mouse mode?
-- mpv: add media looping controls (e.g. loop song, loop playlist)
-- mpv: add/implement an extension to search youtube
-  - apparently `yt-dlp` does searching!
 - replace starship prompt with something more efficient
   - watch `forkstat`: it does way too much
-- cleanup nwg-panel so that it's not invoking swaync every second
+- cleanup waybar/nwg-panel so that it's not invoking playerctl every 2 seconds
   - nwg-panel: doesn't know that virtual-desktop 10/TV exists
 - install apps:
   - display QR codes for WiFi endpoints: <https://linuxphoneapps.org/apps/noappid.wisperwind.wifi2qr/>
   - shopping list (not in nixpkgs): <https://linuxphoneapps.org/apps/ro.hume.cosmin.shoppinglist/>
   - offline Wikipedia (or, add to `wike`)
+  - offline docs viewer (gtk): <https://github.com/workbenchdev/Biblioteca>
   - some type of games manager/launcher
     - Gnome Highscore (retro games)?: <https://gitlab.gnome.org/World/highscore>
+  - better maps for mobile (Osmin (QtQuick)? Pure Maps (Qt/Kirigami)?)
   - note-taking app: <https://linuxphoneapps.org/categories/note-taking/>
     - Folio is nice, uses standard markdown, though it only supports flat repos
   - OSK overlay specifically for mobile gaming
     - i.e. mock joysticks, for use with SuperTux and SuperTuxKart
-  - game: Hedgewars
 - install mobile-friendly games:
   - Shattered Pixel Dungeon (nixpkgs `shattered-pixel-dungeon`; doesn't cross-compile b/c openjdk/libIDL) <https://github.com/ebolalex/shattered-pixel-dungeon>
   - UnCiv (Civ V clone; nixpkgs `unciv`; doesn't cross-compile):  <https://github.com/yairm210/UnCiv>
@@ -134,49 +119,56 @@
   - blurble (https://linuxphoneapps.org/games/app.drey.blurble/). nix: not as of 2024-02-05
   - Trivia Quiz (https://linuxphoneapps.org/games/io.github.nokse22.trivia-quiz/)
 - sane-sync-music: remove empty dirs
-- soulseek: install a CLI app usable over ssh
-- moby: replace `spot` with its replacement, `riff` (<https://github.com/Diegovsky/riff>)
 
 #### moby
-- moby: port battery support to something upstreamable
-- moby: install transito/mobroute public transit app: <https://sr.ht/~mil/mobroute/> <https://git.sr.ht/~mil/transito>
-  - see: <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/335613>
-- moby: consider honeybee instead of gnome-calls for calling? <https://git.sr.ht/~anjan/honeybee>
-  - uses XMPP, so more NAT/WoWLAN-friendly
 - fix cpuidle (gets better power consumption): <https://xnux.eu/log/077.html>
 - fix cpupower for better power/perf
   - `journalctl -u cpupower --boot` (problem is present on lappy, at least)
-- use dynamic DRAM clocking to reduce power by 0.5W: <https://xnux.eu/log/083.html>
-  - coreboot implements DRAM training for rk3399: <https://gitlab.com/vicencb/kevinboot/-/blob/master/cb/sdram.c>
 - moby: tune keyboard layout
-- SwayNC/nwg-panel: add option to change audio output
-- Newsflash: sync OPML on start, same way i do with gpodder
-- better podcasting client?
-- hardware upgrade (OnePlus)?
+- SwayNC: add option to change audio output
+- moby: tune GPS
+  - fix iio-sensor-proxy magnetometer scaling
+  - tune QGPS setting in eg25-control, for less jitter?
+  - configure geoclue to do some smoothing?
+  - manually do smoothing, as some layer between mepo and geoclue?
+  - email wigle.net people to unlock API access
+- moby: port `freshen-agps` timer service to s6 (maybe i want some `s6-cron` or something)
+- moby: improve gPodder launch time
+- moby: theme GTK apps (i.e. non-adwaita styles)
+  - especially, make the menubar collapsible
+  - try Gradience tool specifically for theming adwaita? <https://linuxphoneapps.org/apps/com.github.gradienceteam.gradience/>
+- moby: remove my use of modem-power, since it won't be mainlined (maybe eg25-manager does what i need?)
 
 #### non-moby
 - RSS: integrate a paywall bypass
   - e.g. self-hosted [ladder](https://github.com/everywall/ladder) (like 12ft.io)
 - RSS: have podcasts get downloaded straight into ~/Videos/...
   - and strip the ads out using Whisper transcription + asking a LLM where the ad breaks are
-- neovim: integrate ollama
-- neovim: better docsets (e.g. c++, glib)
-- firefox: persist history
+- neovim: integrate LLMs
+- Helix: make copy-to-system clipboard be the default
+- firefox/librewolf: persist history
   - just not cookies or tabs
+- package Nix/NixOS docs for Zeal
+  - install [doc-browser](https://github.com/qwfy/doc-browser)
+  - this supports both dash (zeal) *and* the datasets from <https://devdocs.io> (which includes nix!)
+  - install [devhelp](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Devhelp)  (gnome)
 - have xdg-open parse `<repo:...> URIs (or adjust them so that it _can_ parse)
 - sane-bt-search: show details like 5.1 vs stereo, h264 vs h265
   - maybe just color these "keywords" in all search results?
 - transmission: apply `sane-tag-media` path fix in `torrent-done` script
   - many .mkv files do appear to be tagged: i'd just need to add support in my own tooling
-  - more aggressively cleanup non-media files after DL (ripper logos, info txts)
 - uninsane.org: make URLs relative to allow local use (and as offline homepage)
 - email: fix so that local mail doesn't go to junk
   - git sendmail flow adds the DKIM signatures, but gets delivered locally w/o having the sig checked, so goes into Junk
   - could change junk filter from "no DKIM success" to explicit "DKIM failed"
   - add an auto-reply address (e.g. `reply-test@uninsane.org`) which reflects all incoming mail; use this (or a friend running this) for liveness checks
 
+### perf
+- add `pkgs.impure-cached.<foo>` package set to build things with ccache enabled
+  - every package here can be auto-generated, and marked with some env var so that it doesn't pollute the pure package set
+  - would be super handy for package prototyping!
+
 ## NEW FEATURES:
-- migrate Kodi box to nix
 - migrate MAME cabinet to nix
   - boot it from PXE from servo?
 - enable IPv6

default.nix

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 { ... }@args:
 let
-  sane-nix-files = import ./pkgs/by-name/sane-nix-files/package.nix { };
+  sane-nix-files = import ./pkgs/additional/sane-nix-files { };
 in
   import "${sane-nix-files}/impure.nix" args

doc/adding-a-host.md

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 to add a host:
 - create the new nix targets
   - hosts/by-name/HOST
-  - let the toplevel (impure.nix) know about HOST
-  - let the other hosts know about this host (hosts/common/hosts.nix)
-  - let sops know about the host's pubkey (.sops.yaml)
-    - re-encrypt all sops keys in secrets/common
+  - let the toplevel (flake.nix) know about HOST
 - build and flash an image
 - optionally expand the rootfs
   - `cfdisk /dev/sda2` -> resize partition
@@ -25,9 +22,4 @@ to add a host:
   - instructions in hosts/common/secrets.nix
   - run `ssh-to-age` on user/host pubkeys
   - add age key to .sops.yaml
-  - update encrypted secrets: `find secrets -type f -exec sops updatekeys -y '{}' ';'`
-- setup wireguard keys
-  - `pk=$(wg genkey)`
-  - `echo "$pk" | sops encrypt --filename-override secrets/$(hostname)/wg-home.priv.bin --output secrets/$(hostname)/wg-home.priv.bin`
-  - `pub=$(echo "$pk" | wg pubkey)`
-  - add pubkey to hosts/common/hosts.nix
+  - update encrypted secrets: `sops updatekeys path/to/secret.yaml`

doc/migrating-storage-device.md

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-## migrating a host to a new drive
-### 1. copy persistent data off of the host:
-```sh
-$ mkdir -p mnt old/persist
-$ mount /dev/$old mnt
-$ rsync -arv mnt/persist/ old/persist/
-```
-
-### 2. flash the new drive
-```
-$ nix-build -A hosts.moby.img
-$ dd if=$(readlink ./result) of=/dev/$new bs=4M oflag=direct conv=sync status=progress
-```
-
-### 3.1. expand the partition
-```sh
-$ cfdisk /dev/$new
-# scroll to the last partition
-> Resize
-  leave at default (max)
-> Write
-  type "yes"
-> Quit
-```
-### 3.2. expand the filesystem
-```
-$ mkdir -p /mnt/$new
-$ mount /dev/$new /mnt/$new
-$ btrfs filesystem resize max /mnt/$new
-```
-
-### 4. copy data onto the new host
-```
-$ mkdir /mnt/$new
-$ mount /dev/$new /mnt/$new
-# if you want to use btrfs snapshots (e.g. snapper), then create the data directory as a subvolume:
-$ btrfs subvolume create /mnt/$new/persist
-# restore the data
-$ rsync -arv old/persist/ /mnt/$new/persist/
-```
-
-### 5. ensure/fix ownership
-```
-$ chmod -R a+rX /mnt/$new/nix
-# or, let the nix daemon do it:
-$ nix copy --no-check-sigs --to /mnt/$new $(nix-build -A hosts.moby)
-```
-
-### 6. insert the disk into the system, and boot!

doc/recovery.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ## deploying to SD card
-- build a toplevel config: `nix build '.#hosts.moby.img'`
+- build a toplevel config: `nix build '.#hostSystems.moby'`
 - mount a system:
   - `mkdir -p root/{nix,boot}`
   - `mount /dev/sdX1 root/boot`

hosts/by-name/cadey/default.nix

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-# MAME arcade cabinet
-# Raspberry Pi 400:
-# - quad-core Cortex-A72 @ 1.8 GHz  (ARMv8-A 64; BCM2711)
-# - 4GiB RAM
-{ ... }:
-{
-  imports = [
-    ./fs.nix
-  ];
-
-  sane.hal.rpi-400.enable = true;
-  sane.roles.client = true;  # for WiFi creds
-
-  # TODO: port to `sane.programs` interface
-  services.xserver.desktopManager.kodi.enable = true;
-
-  # /boot space is at a premium, especially with uncompressed kernels. default was 20.
-  # boot.loader.generic-extlinux-compatible.configurationLimit = 10;
-}

hosts/by-name/cadey/fs.nix

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-{ ... }:
-
-{
-  fileSystems."/nix" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/cccccccc-aaaa-dddd-eeee-000020250621";
-    fsType = "btrfs";
-    options = [
-      "compress=zstd"
-      "defaults"
-    ];
-  };
-
-  fileSystems."/boot" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/2025-0621";
-    fsType = "vfat";
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/desko/default.nix

@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-{ config, lib, ... }:
+{ config, pkgs, ... }:
 {
   imports = [
     ./fs.nix
   ];
 
-  # firewall has to be open to allow clients to use services hosted on this device,
-  # like `ollama`
-  sane.ports.openFirewall = true;
-
+  sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver = false;  # TEMPORARY: TODO: re-enable hickory-dns
   # sane.programs.devPkgs.enableFor.user.colin = true;
   # sane.guest.enable = true;
 
@@ -25,22 +22,21 @@
 
   sane.roles.build-machine.enable = true;
   sane.roles.client = true;
+  sane.roles.dev-machine = true;
   sane.roles.pc = true;
-  sane.roles.work = true;
-  sane.services.ollama.enable = lib.mkIf (config.sane.maxBuildCost >= 3) true;
   sane.services.wg-home.enable = true;
+  sane.services.wg-home.ip = config.sane.hosts.by-name."desko".wg-home.ip;
   sane.ovpn.addrV4 = "172.26.55.21";
   # sane.ovpn.addrV6 = "fd00:0000:1337:cafe:1111:1111:20c1:a73c";
   sane.services.rsync-net.enable = true;
 
   sane.nixcache.remote-builders.desko = false;
 
-  sane.programs.firefox.config.formFactor = "desktop";
-
   sane.programs.sane-private-unlock-remote.enableFor.user.colin = true;
   sane.programs.sane-private-unlock-remote.config.hosts = [ "servo" ];
 
   sane.programs.sway.enableFor.user.colin = true;
+  sane.programs.iphoneUtils.enableFor.user.colin = true;
   sane.programs.steam.enableFor.user.colin = true;
 
   sane.programs.nwg-panel.config = {
@@ -50,8 +46,23 @@
 
   sane.programs.mpv.config.defaultProfile = "high-quality";
 
+  sane.image.extraBootFiles = [ pkgs.bootpart-uefi-x86_64 ];
+
   # needed to use libimobiledevice/ifuse, for iphone sync
   services.usbmuxd.enable = true;
 
-  hardware.amdgpu.opencl.enable = true;  # desktop (AMD's opencl implementation AKA "ROCM"); probably required for ollama
+  # TODO: enable snapper (need to make `/nix` or `/nix/persist` a subvolume, somehow).
+  # default config: https://man.archlinux.org/man/snapper-configs.5
+  # defaults to something like:
+  #   - hourly snapshots
+  #   - auto cleanup; keep the last 10 hourlies, last 10 daylies, last 10 monthlys.
+  # to list snapshots: `sudo snapper --config nix list`
+  # to take a snapshot: `sudo snapper --config nix create`
+  # services.snapper.configs.nix = {
+  #   # TODO: for the impermanent setup, we'd prefer to just do /nix/persist,
+  #   # but that also requires setting up the persist dir as a subvol
+  #   SUBVOLUME = "/nix";
+  #   # TODO: ALLOW_USERS doesn't seem to work. still need `sudo snapper -c nix list`
+  #   ALLOW_USERS = [ "colin" ];
+  # };
 }

hosts/by-name/desko/fs.nix

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 {
   # increase /tmp space (defaults to 50% of RAM) for building large nix things.
   # a cross-compiled kernel, particularly, will easily use 30+GB of tmp
-  fileSystems."/tmp".options = [ "size=128G" ];
+  fileSystems."/tmp".options = [ "size=64G" ];
 
   fileSystems."/nix" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/dddddddd-eeee-5555-cccc-000020250527";
+    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/845d85bf-761d-431b-a406-e6f20909154f";
     fsType = "btrfs";
     options = [
       "compress=zstd"
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   };
 
   fileSystems."/boot" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/2025-0527";
+    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/5049-9AFD";
     fsType = "vfat";
   };
 }

hosts/by-name/flowy/default.nix

@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-{ lib, pkgs, ... }:
-{
-  imports = [
-    ./fs.nix
-  ];
-
-  sane.roles.client = true;
-  sane.roles.pc = true;
-  sane.roles.work = true;
-  sane.services.wg-home.enable = true;
-  # sane.ovpn.addrV4 = "172.23.119.72";
-
-  # sane.guest.enable = true;
-
-  sane.programs.sane-private-unlock-remote.enableFor.user.colin = true;
-  sane.programs.sane-private-unlock-remote.config.hosts = [ "servo" ];
-
-  sane.programs.firefox.config.formFactor = "laptop";
-  sane.programs.itgmania.enableFor.user.colin = true;
-  sane.programs.sway.enableFor.user.colin = true;
-
-  sops.secrets.colin-passwd.neededForUsers = true;
-
-  sane.services.rsync-net.enable = true;
-
-  # add an entry to boot into Windows, as if it had been launched directly from the BIOS.
-  boot.loader.systemd-boot.rebootForBitlocker = true;
-  boot.loader.systemd-boot.windows.primary.efiDeviceHandle = "HD0b";
-
-  system.activationScripts.makeDefaultBootEntry = {
-    text = let
-      makeDefaultBootEntry = pkgs.writeShellApplication {
-        name = "makeDefaultBootEntry";
-        runtimeInputs = with pkgs; [
-          efibootmgr
-          gnugrep
-        ];
-        text = ''
-          # configure the EFI firmware to boot into NixOS by default.
-          # do this by querying the active boot entry, and just making that be the default.
-          # this is needed on flowy because enabling secure boot / booting into Windows
-          # resets the default boot order; manually reconfiguring that is tiresome.
-          efi=$(efibootmgr)
-          bootCurrent=$(echo "$efi" | grep '^BootCurrent: ')
-          bootCurrent=''${bootCurrent/BootCurrent: /}
-          bootOrder=$(echo "$efi" | grep '^BootOrder: ')
-          bootOrder=''${bootOrder/BootOrder: /}
-          if ! [[ "$bootOrder" =~ ^"$bootCurrent", ]]; then
-            # booted entry was not the default,
-            # so prepend it to the boot order:
-            newBootOrder="$bootCurrent,$bootOrder"
-            (set -x; efibootmgr -o "$newBootOrder")
-          fi
-        '';
-      };
-    in lib.getExe makeDefaultBootEntry;
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/flowy/fs.nix

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-{ ... }:
-
-{
-  fileSystems."/nix" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/ffffffff-1111-0000-eeee-000020250531";
-    fsType = "btrfs";
-    options = [
-      "compress=zstd"
-      "defaults"
-    ];
-  };
-
-  fileSystems."/boot" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/2025-0531";
-    fsType = "vfat";
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/lappy/default.nix

@@ -1,37 +1,42 @@
-{ lib, ... }:
+{ config, pkgs, ... }:
 {
   imports = [
     ./fs.nix
   ];
 
   sane.roles.client = true;
+  sane.roles.dev-machine = true;
   sane.roles.pc = true;
   sane.services.wg-home.enable = true;
+  sane.services.wg-home.ip = config.sane.hosts.by-name."lappy".wg-home.ip;
   sane.ovpn.addrV4 = "172.23.119.72";
   # sane.ovpn.addrV6 = "fd00:0000:1337:cafe:1111:1111:0332:aa96/128";
 
   # sane.guest.enable = true;
+  sane.image.extraBootFiles = [ pkgs.bootpart-uefi-x86_64 ];
 
   sane.programs.sane-private-unlock-remote.enableFor.user.colin = true;
   sane.programs.sane-private-unlock-remote.config.hosts = [ "servo" ];
 
-  sane.programs.firefox.config.formFactor = "laptop";
-  sane.programs.itgmania.enableFor.user.colin = true;
-  # sane.programs.stepmania.enableFor.user.colin = true;  #< TODO: fix build
+  sane.programs.stepmania.enableFor.user.colin = true;
   sane.programs.sway.enableFor.user.colin = true;
 
   sops.secrets.colin-passwd.neededForUsers = true;
 
   sane.services.rsync-net.enable = true;
 
-  # starting 2024/09, under default settings (apparently 256 quantum), audio would crackle under load.
-  # 1024 solves *most* crackles, but still noticable under heavier loads.
-  sane.programs.pipewire.config.min-quantum = 2048;
-
-  # limit how many snapshots we keep, due to extremely limited disk space (TODO: remove this override after upgrading lappy hard drive)
-  services.snapper.configs.root.TIMELINE_LIMIT_HOURLY = lib.mkForce 2;
-  services.snapper.configs.root.TIMELINE_LIMIT_DAILY = lib.mkForce 2;
-  services.snapper.configs.root.TIMELINE_LIMIT_WEEKLY = lib.mkForce 0;
-  services.snapper.configs.root.TIMELINE_LIMIT_MONTHLY = lib.mkForce 0;
-  services.snapper.configs.root.TIMELINE_LIMIT_YEARLY = lib.mkForce 0;
+  # TODO: enable snapper (need to make `/nix` or `/nix/persist` a subvolume, somehow).
+  # default config: https://man.archlinux.org/man/snapper-configs.5
+  # defaults to something like:
+  #   - hourly snapshots
+  #   - auto cleanup; keep the last 10 hourlies, last 10 daylies, last 10 monthlys.
+  # to list snapshots: `sudo snapper --config nix list`
+  # to take a snapshot: `sudo snapper --config nix create`
+  # services.snapper.configs.nix = {
+  #   # TODO: for the impermanent setup, we'd prefer to just do /nix/persist,
+  #   # but that also requires setting up the persist dir as a subvol
+  #   SUBVOLUME = "/nix";
+  #   # TODO: ALLOW_USERS doesn't seem to work. still need `sudo snapper -c nix list`
+  #   ALLOW_USERS = [ "colin" ];
+  # };
 }

hosts/by-name/moby/default.nix

@@ -6,16 +6,17 @@
 # - Mobian wiki: <https://wiki.mobian-project.org/doku.php?id=start>
 #   - recommended apps, chatrooms
 
-{ ... }:
+{ config, ... }:
 {
   imports = [
     ./fs.nix
   ];
 
-  sane.hal.pine64-pinephone-pro.enable = true;
+  sane.hal.pine64.enable = true;
   sane.roles.client = true;
   sane.roles.handheld = true;
   sane.services.wg-home.enable = true;
+  sane.services.wg-home.ip = config.sane.hosts.by-name."moby".wg-home.ip;
   sane.ovpn.addrV4 = "172.24.87.255";
   # sane.ovpn.addrV6 = "fd00:0000:1337:cafe:1111:1111:18cd:a72b";
 
@@ -33,7 +34,8 @@
   # enabled for easier debugging
   sane.programs.eg25-control.enableFor.user.colin = true;
   # sane.programs.rtl8723cs-wowlan.enableFor.user.colin = true;
-  # sane.programs.eg25-manager.enableFor.user.colin = true;
+
+  sane.programs.eg25-manager.enableFor.user.colin = true;
 
   # sane.programs.ntfy-sh.config.autostart = true;
   sane.programs.dino.config.autostart = true;
@@ -58,10 +60,7 @@
 
   sane.programs.mpv.config.defaultProfile = "fast";
 
-  # /boot space is at a premium, especially with uncompressed kernels. default was 20.
-  # boot.loader.generic-extlinux-compatible.configurationLimit = 10;
-
-  # TODO: switch to systemd-boot
-  boot.loader.generic-extlinux-compatible.enable = true;
-  boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = false;
+  # /boot space is at a premium. default was 20.
+  # even 10 can be too much
+  boot.loader.generic-extlinux-compatible.configurationLimit = 8;
 }

hosts/by-name/rescue/default.nix

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-{ ... }:
+{ pkgs, ... }:
 {
   imports = [
     ./fs.nix
   ];
 
+  sane.image.extraBootFiles = [ pkgs.bootpart-uefi-x86_64 ];
   sane.persist.enable = false;  # what we mean here is that the image is immutable; `/` is still tmpfs.
   sane.nixcache.enable = false;  # don't want to be calling out to dead machines that we're *trying* to rescue
 

hosts/by-name/servo/default.nix

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-{ ... }:
+{ config, pkgs, ... }:
 
 {
   imports = [
     ./fs.nix
-    ./net
+    ./net.nix
     ./services
-    ./users
   ];
 
   # for administering services
@@ -22,14 +21,24 @@
     "sane-scripts.stop-all-servo"
   ];
   sane.services.dyn-dns.enable = true;
+  sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver = false;  # TODO: enable once it's all working well
+  sane.services.wg-home.enable = true;
+  sane.services.wg-home.visibleToWan = true;
+  sane.services.wg-home.forwardToWan = true;
+  sane.services.wg-home.routeThroughServo = false;
+  sane.services.wg-home.ip = config.sane.hosts.by-name."servo".wg-home.ip;
+  sane.ovpn.addrV4 = "172.23.174.114";
+  # sane.ovpn.addrV6 = "fd00:0000:1337:cafe:1111:1111:8df3:14b0";
   sane.nixcache.remote-builders.desko = false;
   sane.nixcache.remote-builders.servo = false;
   sane.services.rsync-net.enable = true;
 
   # automatically log in at the virtual consoles.
   # using root here makes sure we always have an escape hatch.
-  # XXX(2024-07-27): this is incompatible if using s6, which needs to auto-login as `colin` to start its user services.
-  services.getty.autologinUser = "root";
+  # XXX(2024-07-27): this is incompatible with my s6-rc stuff, which needs to auto-login as `colin` to start its user services.
+  # services.getty.autologinUser = "root";
+
+  sane.image.extraBootFiles = [ pkgs.bootpart-uefi-x86_64 ];
 
   # both transmission and ipfs try to set different net defaults.
   # we just use the most aggressive of the two here:

hosts/by-name/servo/fs.nix

@@ -1,9 +1,60 @@
+# zfs docs:
+# - <https://nixos.wiki/wiki/ZFS>
+# - <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/tasks/filesystems/zfs.nix>
+#
+# zfs check health: `zpool status`
+#
+# zfs pool creation (requires `boot.supportedFilesystems = [ "zfs" ];`
+# - 1. identify disk IDs: `ls -l /dev/disk/by-id`
+# - 2. pool these disks: `zpool create -f -m legacy pool raidz ata-ST4000VN008-2DR166_WDH0VB45 ata-ST4000VN008-2DR166_WDH17616 ata-ST4000VN008-2DR166_WDH0VC8Q ata-ST4000VN008-2DR166_WDH17680`
+#   - legacy documented: <https://superuser.com/questions/790036/what-is-a-zfs-legacy-mount-point>
+# - 3. enable acl support: `zfs set acltype=posixacl pool`
+#
+# import pools: `zpool import pool`
+# show zfs datasets: `zfs list` (will be empty if haven't imported)
+# show zfs properties (e.g. compression): `zfs get all pool`
+# set zfs properties: `zfs set compression=on pool`
 { lib, pkgs, ... }:
 
 {
   # hostId: not used for anything except zfs guardrail?
   #   [hex(ord(x)) for x in 'serv']
-  # networking.hostId = "73657276";
+  networking.hostId = "73657276";
+  boot.supportedFilesystems = [ "zfs" ];
+  # boot.zfs.enabled = true;
+  boot.zfs.forceImportRoot = false;
+  # scrub all zfs pools weekly:
+  services.zfs.autoScrub.enable = true;
+  boot.extraModprobeConfig = ''
+    ### zfs_arc_max tunable:
+    # ZFS likes to use half the ram for its own cache and let the kernel push everything else to swap.
+    # so, reduce its cache size
+    # see: <https://askubuntu.com/a/1290387>
+    # see: <https://serverfault.com/a/1119083>
+    # see: <https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Performance%20and%20Tuning/Module%20Parameters.html#zfs-arc-max>
+    # for all tunables, see: `man 4 zfs`
+    # to update these parameters without rebooting:
+    # - `echo '4294967296' | sane-sudo-redirect /sys/module/zfs/parameters/zfs_arc_max`
+    ### zfs_bclone_enabled tunable
+    # this allows `cp --reflink=always FOO BAR` to work. i.e. shallow copies.
+    # it's unstable as of 2.2.3. led to *actual* corruption in 2.2.1, but hopefully better by now.
+    # - <https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/issues/405>
+    # note that `du -h` won't *always* show the reduced size for reflink'd files (?).
+    # `zpool get all | grep clone` seems to be the way to *actually* see how much data is being deduped
+    options zfs zfs_arc_max=4294967296 zfs_bclone_enabled=1
+  '';
+  # to be able to mount the pool like this, make sure to tell zfs to NOT manage it itself.
+  # otherwise local-fs.target will FAIL and you will be dropped into a rescue shell.
+  # - `zfs set mountpoint=legacy pool`
+  # if done correctly, the pool can be mounted before this `fileSystems` entry is created:
+  # - `sudo mount -t zfs pool /mnt/persist/pool`
+  fileSystems."/mnt/pool" = {
+    device = "pool";
+    fsType = "zfs";
+    options = [ "acl" ];  #< not sure if this `acl` flag is actually necessary. it mounts without it.
+  };
+  # services.zfs.zed = ... # TODO: zfs can send me emails when disks fail
+  sane.programs.sysadminUtils.suggestedPrograms = [ "zfs-tools" ];
 
   sane.persist.stores."ext" = {
     origin = "/mnt/pool/persist";
@@ -16,7 +67,7 @@
   fileSystems."/tmp".options = [ "size=32G" ];
 
   fileSystems."/nix" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/55555555-eeee-ffff-bbbb-000020250820";
+    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/cc81cca0-3cc7-4d82-a00c-6243af3e7776";
     fsType = "btrfs";
     options = [
       "compress=zstd"
@@ -25,39 +76,23 @@
   };
 
   fileSystems."/boot" = {
-    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/2025-0820";
+    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/6EE3-4171";
     fsType = "vfat";
   };
 
-  fileSystems."/mnt/pool" = {
-    # all btrfs devices of the same RAID volume use the same UUID.
-    device = "UUID=40fc6e1d-ba41-44de-bbf3-1aa02c3441df";
+  # slow, external storage (for archiving, etc)
+  fileSystems."/mnt/usb-hdd" = {
+    device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/aa272cff-0fcc-498e-a4cb-0d95fb60631b";
     fsType = "btrfs";
     options = [
-      # "compress=zstd"  #< not much point in compressing... mostly videos and music; media.
+      "compress=zstd"
       "defaults"
-      # `device=...` only needed if `btrfs scan` hasn't yet been run
-      # see: <https://askubuntu.com/a/484374>
-      # i don't know what guarantees NixOS/systemd make about that, so specifying all devices for now
-      # "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/14a7d00a-be53-2b4e-96f9-7e2c964674ec"  #< removed 2024-11-24 (for capacity upgrade)
-      "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/409a147e-2282-49eb-87a7-c968032ede88"  #< added 2024-11-24
-      # "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/6b86cc10-c3cc-ec4d-b20d-b6688f0959a6"  #< removed 2025-06-04 (early drive failure; capacity upgrade)
-      # "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/7fd85cac-b6f3-8248-af4e-68e703d11020"  #< removed 2024-11-13 (early drive failure)
-      "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/92ebbbfb-022f-427d-84d5-39349d4bc02a"  #< added 2025-05-14
-      "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/9e6c06b0-4a39-4d69-813f-1f5992f62ed7"  #< added 2025-06-05
-      "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/d9ad5ebc-0fc4-4d89-9fd0-619ce5210f1b"  #< added 2024-11-13
-      # "device=/dev/disk/by-partuuid/ef0e5c7b-fccf-f444-bac4-534424326159"  #< removed 2025-05-14 (early drive failure)
-      "nofail"
-      # "x-systemd.before=local-fs.target"
-      "x-systemd.device-bound=false"  #< don't unmount when `device` disappears (i thought this was necessary, for drive replacement, but it might not be)
-      "x-systemd.device-timeout=60s"
-      "x-systemd.mount-timeout=60s"
     ];
   };
+  sane.fs."/mnt/usb-hdd".mount = {};
 
-  # TODO: move this elsewhere and automate the ACLs!
   # FIRST TIME SETUP FOR MEDIA DIRECTORY:
-  # - set the group sticky bit: `sudo find /var/media -type d -exec chmod g+s {} +`
+  # - set the group stick bit: `sudo find /var/media -type d -exec chmod g+s {} +`
   #   - this ensures new files/dirs inherit the group of their parent dir (instead of the user who creates them)
   # - ensure everything under /var/media is mounted with `-o acl`, to support acls
   # - ensure all files are rwx by group: `setfacl --recursive --modify d:g::rwx /var/media`
@@ -69,9 +104,8 @@
     mode = "0775";
   }];
   sane.fs."/var/media/archive".dir = {};
-  sane.fs."/var/media/archive/temp".dir = {};
   # this is file.text instead of symlink.text so that it may be read over a remote mount (where consumers might not have any /nix/store/.../README.md path)
-  sane.fs."/var/media/archive/temp/README.md".file.text = ''
+  sane.fs."/var/media/archive/README.md".file.text = ''
     this directory is for media i wish to remove from my library,
     but keep for a short time in case i reverse my decision.
     treat it like a system trash can.
@@ -81,6 +115,7 @@
   sane.fs."/var/media/Books/Books".dir = {};
   sane.fs."/var/media/Books/Visual".dir = {};
   sane.fs."/var/media/collections".dir = {};
+  # sane.fs."/var/media/datasets".dir = {};
   sane.fs."/var/media/freeleech".dir = {};
   sane.fs."/var/media/Music".dir = {};
   sane.fs."/var/media/Pictures".dir = {};
@@ -89,6 +124,13 @@
   sane.fs."/var/media/Videos/Shows".dir = {};
   sane.fs."/var/media/Videos/Talks".dir = {};
 
+  # this is file.text instead of symlink.text so that it may be read over a remote mount (where consumers might not have any /nix/store/.../README.md path)
+  sane.fs."/var/lib/uninsane/datasets/README.md".file.text = ''
+    this directory may seem redundant with ../media/datasets. it isn't.
+    this directory exists on SSD, allowing for speedy access to specific datasets when necessary.
+    the contents should be a subset of what's in ../media/datasets.
+  '';
+
   systemd.services.dedupe-media = {
     description = "transparently de-duplicate /var/media entries by using block-level hardlinks";
     script = ''
@@ -102,5 +144,28 @@
       OnUnitActiveSec = "720min";
     };
   };
+
+  # btrfs doesn't easily support swapfiles
+  # swapDevices = [
+  #   { device = "/nix/persist/swapfile"; size = 4096; }
+  # ];
+
+  # this can be a partition. create with:
+  #   fdisk <dev>
+  #     n
+  #     <default partno>
+  #     <start>
+  #     <end>
+  #     t
+  #     <partno>
+  #     19  # set part type to Linux swap
+  #     w   # write changes
+  #   mkswap -L swap <part>
+  # swapDevices = [
+  #   {
+  #     label = "swap";
+  #     # TODO: randomEncryption.enable = true;
+  #   }
+  # ];
 }
 

hosts/by-name/servo/net.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+
+let
+  portOpts = with lib; types.submodule {
+    options = {
+      visibleTo.ovpns = mkOption {
+        type = types.bool;
+        default = false;
+        description = ''
+          whether to forward inbound traffic on the OVPN vpn port to the corresponding localhost port.
+        '';
+      };
+      visibleTo.doof = mkOption {
+        type = types.bool;
+        default = false;
+        description = ''
+          whether to forward inbound traffic on the doofnet vpn port to the corresponding localhost port.
+        '';
+      };
+    };
+  };
+in
+{
+  options = with lib; {
+    sane.ports.ports = mkOption {
+      # add the `visibleTo.{doof,ovpns}` options
+      type = types.attrsOf portOpts;
+    };
+  };
+
+  config = {
+    networking.domain = "uninsane.org";
+    systemd.network.networks."50-eth0" = {
+      matchConfig.Name = "eth0";
+      networkConfig.Address = [
+        "205.201.63.12/32"
+        "10.78.79.51/22"
+      ];
+      networkConfig.DNS = [ "10.78.79.1" ];
+    };
+
+    sane.ports.openFirewall = true;
+    sane.ports.openUpnp = true;
+
+    # unless we add interface-specific settings for each VPN, we have to define nameservers globally.
+    # networking.nameservers = [
+    #   "1.1.1.1"
+    #   "9.9.9.9"
+    # ];
+
+    # services.resolved.extraConfig = ''
+    #   # docs: `man resolved.conf`
+    #   # DNS servers to use via the `wg-ovpns` interface.
+    #   #   i hope that from the root ns, these aren't visible.
+    #   DNS=46.227.67.134%wg-ovpns 192.165.9.158%wg-ovpns
+    #   FallbackDNS=1.1.1.1 9.9.9.9
+    # '';
+
+    # tun-sea config
+    sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.A."doof.tunnel" = "205.201.63.12";
+    # sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.AAAA."doof.tunnel" = "2602:fce8:106::51";  #< TODO: enable IPv6
+    networking.wireguard.interfaces.wg-doof = {
+      privateKeyFile = config.sops.secrets.wg_doof_privkey.path;
+      # wg is active only in this namespace.
+      # run e.g. ip netns exec doof <some command like ping/curl/etc, it'll go through wg>
+      #   sudo ip netns exec doof ping www.google.com
+      interfaceNamespace = "doof";
+      ips = [
+        "205.201.63.12"
+        # "2602:fce8:106::51/128"  #< TODO: enable IPv6
+      ];
+      peers = [
+        {
+          publicKey = "nuESyYEJ3YU0hTZZgAd7iHBz1ytWBVM5PjEL1VEoTkU=";
+          # TODO: configure DNS within the doof ns and use tun-sea.doof.net endpoint
+          # endpoint = "tun-sea.doof.net:53263";
+          endpoint = "205.201.63.44:53263";
+          allowedIPs = [ "0.0.0.0/0" "::/0" ];
+          persistentKeepalive = 25; #< keep the NAT alive
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+    sane.netns.doof.hostVethIpv4 = "10.0.2.5";
+    sane.netns.doof.netnsVethIpv4 = "10.0.2.6";
+    sane.netns.doof.netnsPubIpv4 = "205.201.63.12";
+    sane.netns.doof.routeTable = 12;
+
+    # OVPN CONFIG (https://www.ovpn.com):
+    # DOCS: https://nixos.wiki/wiki/WireGuard
+    # if you `systemctl restart wireguard-wg-ovpns`, make sure to also restart any other services in `NetworkNamespacePath = .../ovpns`.
+    # TODO: why not create the namespace as a seperate operation (nix config for that?)
+    networking.wireguard.enable = true;
+    networking.wireguard.interfaces.wg-ovpns = {
+      privateKeyFile = config.sops.secrets.wg_ovpns_privkey.path;
+      # wg is active only in this namespace.
+      # run e.g. ip netns exec ovpns <some command like ping/curl/etc, it'll go through wg>
+      #   sudo ip netns exec ovpns ping www.google.com
+      interfaceNamespace = "ovpns";
+      ips = [ "185.157.162.178" ];
+      peers = [
+        {
+          publicKey = "SkkEZDCBde22KTs/Hc7FWvDBfdOCQA4YtBEuC3n5KGs=";
+          endpoint = "185.157.162.10:9930";
+          # alternatively: use hostname, but that presents bootstrapping issues (e.g. if host net flakes)
+          # endpoint = "vpn36.prd.amsterdam.ovpn.com:9930";
+          allowedIPs = [ "0.0.0.0/0" ];
+          # nixOS says this is important for keeping NATs active
+          persistentKeepalive = 25;
+          # re-executes wg this often. docs hint that this might help wg notice DNS/hostname changes.
+          # so, maybe that helps if we specify endpoint as a domain name
+          # dynamicEndpointRefreshSeconds = 30;
+          # when refresh fails, try it again after this period instead.
+          # TODO: not avail until nixpkgs upgrade
+          # dynamicEndpointRefreshRestartSeconds = 5;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+    sane.netns.ovpns.hostVethIpv4 = "10.0.1.5";
+    sane.netns.ovpns.netnsVethIpv4 = "10.0.1.6";
+    sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4 = "185.157.162.178";
+    sane.netns.ovpns.routeTable = 11;
+    sane.netns.ovpns.dns = "46.227.67.134";  #< DNS requests inside the namespace are forwarded here
+  };
+}

hosts/by-name/servo/net/default.nix

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-# debugging:
-# - enable logs (shows handshake attempts)
-#   - `echo module wireguard +p | sane-sudo-redirect /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control`
-#   - `sudo dmesg --follow`
-#     patterns: "Sending keepalive packet to peer NN (N.N.N.N:NNNNN)"
-#     patterns: "Sending handshake initiation to peer NN (N.N.N.N:NNNNN)"
-# - when wg-doof and wg-ovpns stop routing traffic, restart with:
-#   - `systemctl restart netns-doof-wg`
-# - handshaking:
-#   - `wg show` should *always* show "latest handshake: N", with N < 2 minutes ago.
-{ lib, ... }:
-let
-  portOpts = with lib; types.submodule {
-    options = {
-      visibleTo.ovpns = mkOption {
-        type = types.bool;
-        default = false;
-        description = ''
-          whether to forward inbound traffic on the OVPN vpn port to the corresponding localhost port.
-        '';
-      };
-      visibleTo.doof = mkOption {
-        type = types.bool;
-        default = false;
-        description = ''
-          whether to forward inbound traffic on the doofnet vpn port to the corresponding localhost port.
-        '';
-      };
-    };
-  };
-in
-{
-  options = with lib; {
-    sane.ports.ports = mkOption {
-      # add the `visibleTo.{doof,ovpns}` options
-      type = types.attrsOf portOpts;
-    };
-  };
-
-  imports = [
-    ./doof.nix
-    ./ovpn.nix
-    ./wg-home.nix
-  ];
-
-  config = {
-    networking.domain = "uninsane.org";
-    systemd.network.networks."50-eth0" = {
-      matchConfig.Name = "eth0";
-      networkConfig.Address = [
-        "205.201.63.12/32"
-        "10.78.79.51/22"
-      ];
-      networkConfig.DNS = [ "10.78.79.1" ];
-    };
-
-    sane.ports.openFirewall = true;
-    sane.ports.openUpnp = true;
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/net/doof.nix

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-{ config, ... }:
-{
-  # tun-sea config
-  sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.A."doof.tunnel" = "205.201.63.12";
-  # sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.AAAA."doof.tunnel" = "2602:fce8:106::51";  #< TODO: enable IPv6 (i have /128)
-
-  # if the tunnel breaks, restart it manually:
-  # - `systemctl restart netns-doof.service`
-  sane.netns.doof = {
-    veth.initns.ipv4 = "10.0.2.5";
-    veth.netns.ipv4 = "10.0.2.6";
-    routeTable = 12;
-    # wg.port = 51821;
-    wg.privateKeyFile = config.sops.secrets.wg_doof_privkey.path;
-    wg.address.ipv4 = "205.201.63.12";
-    wg.peer.publicKey = "nuESyYEJ3YU0hTZZgAd7iHBz1ytWBVM5PjEL1VEoTkU=";
-    wg.peer.endpoint = "tun-sea.doof.net:53263";
-    # wg.peer.endpoint = "205.201.63.44:53263";
-  };
-
-  # inside doof, forward DNS requests back to the root machine
-  # this is fine: nothing inside the ns performs DNS except for wireguard,
-  # and we're not forwarding external DNS requests here
-  # XXX: ACTUALLY, CAN'T EASILY DO THAT BECAUSE HICKORY-DNS IS ALREADY USING PORT 53
-  # but that's ok, we don't really need DNS *inside* this namespace.
-  # sane.netns.doof.dns.ipv4 = config.sane.netns.doof.veth.netns.ipv4;
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/net/ovpn.nix

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-{ config, ... }:
-{
-  sane.ovpn.addrV4 = "172.23.174.114";  #< this applies to the dynamic VPNs -- NOT the static VPN
-  # sane.ovpn.addrV6 = "fd00:0000:1337:cafe:1111:1111:8df3:14b0";
-
-  # OVPN CONFIG (https://www.ovpn.com):
-  # DOCS: https://nixos.wiki/wiki/WireGuard
-  sane.netns.ovpns = {
-    veth.initns.ipv4 = "10.0.1.5";
-    veth.netns.ipv4 = "10.0.1.6";
-    routeTable = 11;
-    dns.ipv4 = "46.227.67.134";  #< DNS requests inside the namespace are forwarded here
-    # wg.port = 51822;
-    wg.privateKeyFile = config.sops.secrets.wg_ovpns_privkey.path;
-    wg.address.ipv4 = "146.70.100.165";  #< IP address for my end of the VPN tunnel. for OVPN public IPv4, this is also the public IP address.
-    wg.peer.publicKey = "xc9p/lf2uLg6IGDh54E0Pbc6WI/J9caaByhwD4Uiu0Q=";  #< pubkey by which i can authenticate OVPN, varies per OVPN endpoint
-    wg.peer.endpoint = "vpn31.prd.losangeles.ovpn.com:9930";
-    # wg.peer.endpoint = "45.83.89.131:9930";
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/net/wg-home.nix

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-{ config, ... }:
-{
-  sane.services.wg-home.enable = true;
-  sane.services.wg-home.visibleToWan = true;
-  sane.services.wg-home.forwardToWan = true;
-  sane.services.wg-home.routeThroughServo = false;
-  services.unbound.settings.server.interface = [
-    # provide DNS to my wireguard clients
-    config.sane.hosts.by-name."servo".wg-home.ip
-  ];
-  services.unbound.settings.server.access-control = [
-    "${config.sane.hosts.by-name."servo".wg-home.ip}/24 allow"
-  ];
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/bitmagnet.nix

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-# bitmagnet is a DHT crawler. it discovers publicly reachable torrents and indexes:
-# - torrent's magnet URI
-# - torrent's name
-# - torrent's file list (the first 100 files, per torrent), including size and "type" (e.g. video)
-# - seeder/leecher counts
-# - torrent's size
-# it provides a web UI to query these, especially a search form.
-# data is stored in postgresql as `bitmagnet` db (`sudo -u bitmagnet psql`)
-# after 30 days of operation:
-# - 12m torrents discovered
-# - 77GB database size  => 6500B per torrent
-{ config, ... }:
-{
-  services.bitmagnet.enable = true;
-  sane.netns.ovpns.services = [ "bitmagnet" ];
-  sane.ports.ports."3334" = {
-    protocol = [ "tcp" "udp" ];
-    # visibleTo.ovpns = true;  #< not needed: it runs in the ovpns namespace
-    description = "colin-bitmagnet";
-  };
-
-  services.bitmagnet.settings = {
-    # dht_crawler.scaling_factor: how rapidly to crawl the DHT.
-    #   influences number of worker threads, buffer sizes, etc.
-    #   default: 10.
-    #   docs claim "diminishing returns" above 10, but seems weakly confident about that.
-    dht_crawler.scaling_factor = 64;
-    # http_server.local_address: `$addr:$port` to `listen` to.
-    # default is `:3333`, which listens on _all_ interfaces.
-    # the http server exposes unprotected admin endpoints though, so restrict to private interfaces:
-    http_server.local_address = "${config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.netns.ipv4}:3333";
-    # tmdb.enabled: whether to query The Movie DataBase to resolve filename -> movie title.
-    #   default: true.
-    #   docs claim 1 query per second rate limit, unless you supply your own API key.
-    tmdb.enabled = false;
-  };
-
-  # bitmagnet web client
-  # protected by passwd because it exposes some mutation operations:
-  # - queuing "jobs"
-  # - deleting torrent infos (in bulk)
-  # it uses graphql for _everything_, so no easy way to disable just the mutations (and remove the password) AFAICT.
-  services.nginx.virtualHosts."bitmagnet.uninsane.org" = {
-    # basicAuth is cleartext user/pw, so FORCE this to happen over SSL
-    forceSSL = true;
-    enableACME = true;
-    locations."/" = {
-      proxyPass = "http://${config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.netns.ipv4}:3333";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
-    };
-    basicAuthFile = config.sops.secrets.bitmagnet_passwd.path;
-  };
-  sops.secrets."bitmagnet_passwd" = {
-    owner = config.users.users.nginx.name;
-    mode = "0400";
-  };
-
-  sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.CNAME."bitmagnet" = "native";
-
-  systemd.services.bitmagnet = {
-    # hardening (systemd-analyze security bitmagnet). base nixos service is already partially hardened.
-    serviceConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = "";
-    serviceConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
-    serviceConfig.PrivateDevices = true;
-    serviceConfig.PrivateUsers = true;
-    serviceConfig.ProtectProc = "invisible";
-    serviceConfig.ProcSubset = "pid";
-    serviceConfig.SystemCallFilter = [ "@system-service" "~@privileged" "~@resources" ];
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/coturn.nix

@@ -104,6 +104,13 @@ in
     SRV."_turns._tcp" =                       "5 50 5349 turn";
   };
 
+  sane.derived-secrets."/var/lib/coturn/shared_secret.bin" = {
+    encoding = "base64";
+    # TODO: make this not globally readable
+    acl.mode = "0644";
+  };
+  sane.fs."/var/lib/coturn/shared_secret.bin".wantedBeforeBy = [ "coturn.service" ];
+
   # provide access to certs
   users.users.turnserver.extraGroups = [ "nginx" ];
 
@@ -112,14 +119,9 @@ in
   services.coturn.cert = "/var/lib/acme/turn.uninsane.org/fullchain.pem";
   services.coturn.pkey = "/var/lib/acme/turn.uninsane.org/key.pem";
 
-  # N.B.: prosody needs to read this shared secret
-  sops.secrets."coturn_shared_secret".owner = "turnserver";
-  sops.secrets."coturn_shared_secret".group = "turnserver";
-  sops.secrets."coturn_shared_secret".mode = "0440";
-
   #v disable to allow unauthenticated access (or set `services.coturn.no-auth = true`)
   services.coturn.use-auth-secret = true;
-  services.coturn.static-auth-secret-file = "/run/secrets/coturn_shared_secret";
+  services.coturn.static-auth-secret-file = "/var/lib/coturn/shared_secret.bin";
   services.coturn.lt-cred-mech = true; #< XXX: use-auth-secret overrides lt-cred-mech
 
   services.coturn.min-port = turnPortLow;
@@ -129,11 +131,11 @@ in
     "verbose"
     # "Verbose"  #< even MORE verbosity than "verbose"  (it's TOO MUCH verbosity really)
     "no-multicast-peers"  # disables sending to IPv4 broadcast addresses (e.g. 224.0.0.0/3)
-    # "listening-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.initns.ipv4}" "external-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4}"  #< 2024/04/25: works, if running in root namespace
-    "listening-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4}" "external-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4}"
+    # "listening-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.hostVethIpv4}" "external-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4}"  #< 2024/04/25: works, if running in root namespace
+    "listening-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4}" "external-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4}"
 
     # old attempts:
-    # "external-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4}/${config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.initns.ipv4}"
+    # "external-ip=${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4}/${config.sane.netns.ovpns.hostVethIpv4}"
     # "listening-ip=10.78.79.51"  # can be specified multiple times; omit for *
     # "external-ip=97.113.128.229/10.78.79.51"
     # "external-ip=97.113.128.229"

hosts/by-name/servo/services/cryptocurrencies/bitcoin.nix

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # as of 2023/12/02: complete blockchain is 530 GiB (on-disk size may be larger)
-# as of 2025/08/06: on-disk blockchain as reported by `du` is 732 GiB
 #
 # ports:
 # - 8333: for node-to-node communications
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ let
   _bitcoindWithExternalIp = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "bitcoind" ''
     set -xeu
     externalip="$(cat /var/lib/tor/onion/bitcoind/hostname)"
-    exec ${lib.getExe' bitcoind "bitcoind"} "-externalip=$externalip" "$@"
+    exec ${bitcoind}/bin/bitcoind "-externalip=$externalip" "$@"
   '';
   # the package i provide to services.bitcoind ends up on system PATH, and used by other tools like clightning.
   # therefore, even though services.bitcoind only needs `bitcoind` binary, provide all the other bitcoin-related binaries (notably `bitcoin-cli`) as well:
@@ -73,18 +72,13 @@ in
       proxy=127.0.0.1:9050
     '';
     extraCmdlineOptions = [
-      # `man bitcoind` for options
-      # "-assumevalid=0"  # to perform script validation on all blocks, instead of just the latest checkpoint published by bitcoin-core
       # "-debug"
       # "-debug=estimatefee"
-      # "-debug=leveldb"
       # "-debug=http"
       # "-debug=net"
       "-debug=proxy"
       "-debug=rpc"
       # "-debug=validation"
-      # "-reindex"  # wipe chainstate, block index, other indices; rebuild from blk*.dat (takes 2.5hrs)
-      # "-reindex-chainstate"  # wipe chainstate; rebuild from blk*.dat
     ];
   };
 

hosts/by-name/servo/services/cryptocurrencies/clightning.nix

@@ -115,24 +115,16 @@
   # - fee-per-satoshi=<ppm>
   # - feature configs (i.e. experimental-xyz options)
   sane.services.clightning.extraConfig = ''
-    # log levels: "io", "trace", "debug", "info", "unusual", "broken"
-    # log-level=info
+    # log levels: "io", "debug", "info", "unusual", "broken"
+    log-level=info
     # log-level=info:lightningd
     # log-level=debug:lightningd
-    log-level=debug
-    # log-level=io
-
-    disable-plugin=cln-xpay
-
-    # let me use `lightning-cli dev-*` subcommands, fucktards.
-    developer
-    # `developer` enables `dev-*` but *disables* the older commands. asshats.
-    allow-deprecated-apis=true
+    # log-level=debug
 
     # peerswap:
     # - config example: <https://github.com/fort-nix/nix-bitcoin/pull/462/files#diff-b357d832705b8ce8df1f41934d613f79adb77c4cd5cd9e9eb12a163fca3e16c6>
     # XXX: peerswap crashes clightning on launch. stacktrace is useless.
-    # plugin={lib.getExe' pkgs.peerswap "peerswap"}
+    # plugin={pkgs.peerswap}/bin/peerswap
     # peerswap-db-path=/var/lib/clightning/peerswap/swaps
     # peerswap-policy-path=...
   '';

hosts/by-name/servo/services/default.nix

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 { ... }:
 {
   imports = [
-    ./bitmagnet.nix
     ./coturn.nix
     ./cryptocurrencies
     ./email
@@ -9,25 +8,23 @@
     ./freshrss.nix
     ./export
     ./hickory-dns.nix
-    ./gerbera.nix
     ./gitea.nix
     ./goaccess.nix
     ./ipfs.nix
     ./jackett
-    ./jellyfin
+    ./jellyfin.nix
     ./kiwix-serve.nix
     ./komga.nix
     ./lemmy.nix
     ./matrix
-    ./minidlna.nix
-    ./mumble.nix
     ./navidrome.nix
-    ./nginx
+    ./nginx.nix
     ./nixos-prebuild.nix
     ./ntfy
+    ./ollama.nix
     ./pict-rs.nix
     ./pleroma.nix
-    ./postgresql
+    ./postgres.nix
     ./prosody
     ./slskd.nix
     ./transmission

hosts/by-name/servo/services/ejabberd.nix

@@ -457,12 +457,13 @@ lib.mkIf false
         mod_version = {};
       };
     });
+    sed = "${pkgs.gnused}/bin/sed";
   in ''
     ip=$(cat '${config.sane.services.dyn-dns.ipPath}')
     # config is 444 (not 644), so we want to write out-of-place and then atomically move
     # TODO: factor this out into `sane-woop` helper?
     rm -f /var/lib/ejabberd/ejabberd.yaml.new
-    ${lib.getExe pkgs.gnused} "s/%ANATIVE%/$ip/g" ${config-in} > /var/lib/ejabberd/ejabberd.yaml.new
+    ${sed} "s/%ANATIVE%/$ip/g" ${config-in} > /var/lib/ejabberd/ejabberd.yaml.new
     mv /var/lib/ejabberd/ejabberd.yaml{.new,}
   '';
 

hosts/by-name/servo/services/email/default.nix

@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
 #
 # debugging: general connectivity issues
 # - test that inbound port 25 is unblocked:
-#   - `curl https://canyouseeme.org/ --data 'port=25&IP=$MX_IP' | grep 'see your service'`
+#   - `curl https://canyouseeme.org/ --data 'port=25&IP=185.157.162.178' | grep 'see your service'`
 #     - and retry with port 465, 587
 #     - i think this API requires the queried IP match the source IP
-#   - if necessary, `systemctl stop postfix` and `sudo nc -l $MX_IP 25`, then try https://canyouseeme.org
+#   - if necessary, `systemctl stop postfix` and `sudo nc -l 185.157.162.178 25`, then try https://canyouseeme.org
 
 { ... }:
 {

hosts/by-name/servo/services/email/dovecot.nix

@@ -124,9 +124,7 @@
       # ];
     };
   };
-  environment.systemPackages = [
-    # XXX(2025-03-16): dovecot loads modules from /run/current-system/sw/lib/dovecot/modules
-    # see: <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/387642>
+  services.dovecot2.modules = [
     pkgs.dovecot_pigeonhole  # enables sieve execution (?)
   ];
   services.dovecot2.sieve = {
@@ -143,5 +141,5 @@
     '';
   };
 
-  systemd.services.dovecot.serviceConfig.RestartSec = lib.mkForce "15s";  # nixos defaults this to 1s
+  systemd.services.dovecot2.serviceConfig.RestartSec = lib.mkForce "15s";  # nixos defaults this to 1s
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/email/postfix.nix

@@ -99,10 +99,8 @@ in
   services.postfix.hostname = "mx.uninsane.org";
   services.postfix.origin = "uninsane.org";
   services.postfix.destination = [ "localhost" "uninsane.org" ];
-  services.postfix.config.smtpd_tls_chain_files = [
-    "/var/lib/acme/mx.uninsane.org/key.pem"
-    "/var/lib/acme/mx.uninsane.org/fullchain.pem"
-  ];
+  services.postfix.sslCert = "/var/lib/acme/mx.uninsane.org/fullchain.pem";
+  services.postfix.sslKey = "/var/lib/acme/mx.uninsane.org/key.pem";
 
   # see: `man 5 virtual`
   services.postfix.virtual = ''
@@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ in
     # smtpd_milters = local:/run/opendkim/opendkim.sock
     # milter docs: http://www.postfix.org/MILTER_README.html
     # mail filters for receiving email and from authorized SMTP clients (i.e. via submission)
-    # smtpd_milters = inet:$IP:8891
+    # smtpd_milters = inet:185.157.162.190:8891
     # opendkim.sock will add a Authentication-Results header, with `dkim=pass|fail|...` value to received messages
     smtpd_milters = "unix:/run/opendkim/opendkim.sock";
     # mail filters for sendmail
@@ -164,13 +162,16 @@ in
   services.postfix.enableSubmissions = true;
   services.postfix.submissionsOptions = submissionOptions;
 
+  systemd.services.postfix.after = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
+  systemd.services.postfix.partOf = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
   systemd.services.postfix.unitConfig.RequiresMountsFor = [
     "/var/spool/mail"  # spooky errors when postfix is run w/o this: `warning: connect #1 to subsystem private/proxymap: Connection refused`
     "/var/lib/opendkim"
   ];
-
-  # run these behind the OVPN static VPN
-  sane.netns.ovpns.services = [ "opendkim" "postfix" ];
+  systemd.services.postfix.serviceConfig = {
+    # run this behind the OVPN static VPN
+    NetworkNamespacePath = "/run/netns/ovpns";
+  };
 
 
   #### OPENDKIM
@@ -189,7 +190,11 @@ in
   # keeping this the same as the hostname seems simplest
   services.opendkim.selector = "mx";
 
+  systemd.services.opendkim.after = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
+  systemd.services.opendkim.partOf = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
   systemd.services.opendkim.serviceConfig = {
+    # run this behind the OVPN static VPN
+    NetworkNamespacePath = "/run/netns/ovpns";
     # /run/opendkim/opendkim.sock needs to be rw by postfix
     UMask = lib.mkForce "0011";
   };

hosts/by-name/servo/services/export/default.nix

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
   fileSystems."/var/export/media" = {
     # everything in here could be considered publicly readable (based on the viewer's legal jurisdiction)
     device = "/var/media";
-    options = [ "rbind" "nofail" ];
+    options = [ "rbind" ];
   };
   # fileSystems."/var/export/playground" = {
   #   device = config.fileSystems."/mnt/persist/ext".device;
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
   ];
 
   sane.fs."/var/export/README.md" = {
+    wantedBy = [ "nfs.service" "sftpgo.service" ];
     file.text = ''
       - media/         read-only:  Videos, Music, Books, etc
       - playground/    read-write*: use it to share files with other users of this server, inaccessible from the www
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@
   };
 
   sane.fs."/var/export/playground/README.md" = {
+    wantedBy = [ "nfs.service" "sftpgo.service" ];
     file.text = ''
       this directory is intentionally read+write by anyone with access.
       - share files
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@
   };
 
   sane.fs."/var/export/.public_for_test/test" = {
+    wantedBy = [ "nfs.service" "sftpgo.service" ];
     file.text = ''
       automated tests read this file to probe connectivity
     '';

hosts/by-name/servo/services/export/sftpgo/default.nix

@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@ in
           }
           {
             # binding this means any doof client can connect (TLS only)
-            address = config.sane.netns.doof.veth.initns.ipv4;
+            address = config.sane.netns.doof.hostVethIpv4;
             port = 990;
             debug = true;
             tls_mode = 2;  # 2 = "implicit FTPS": client negotiates TLS before any FTP command.
           }
           {
             # binding this means any LAN client can connect via `ftp.uninsane.org` (TLS only)
-            address = config.sane.netns.doof.wg.address.ipv4;
+            address = config.sane.netns.doof.netnsPubIpv4;
             port = 990;
             debug = true;
             tls_mode = 2;  # 2 = "implicit FTPS": client negotiates TLS before any FTP command.
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ in
       };
       data_provider = {
         driver = "memory";
-        external_auth_hook = lib.getExe external_auth_hook;
+        external_auth_hook = "${external_auth_hook}/bin/external_auth_hook";
         # track_quota:
         # - 0: disable quota tracking
         # - 1: quota is updated on every upload/delete, even if user has no quota restriction
@@ -158,15 +158,14 @@ in
   ];
 
   systemd.services.sftpgo = {
-    after = [ "network-online.target" ];  #< so that it reliably binds to all interfaces/netns's?
+    after = [ "network-online.target" ];
     wants = [ "network-online.target" ];
-    unitConfig.RequiresMountsFor = [
-      "/var/export/media"
-      "/var/export/playground"
-    ];
-    serviceConfig.ReadWritePaths = [ "/var/export" ];
-    serviceConfig.Restart = "always";
-    serviceConfig.RestartSec = "20s";
-    serviceConfig.UMask = lib.mkForce "0002";
+    serviceConfig = {
+      ReadWritePaths = [ "/var/export" ];
+
+      Restart = "always";
+      RestartSec = "20s";
+      UMask = lib.mkForce "0002";
+    };
   };
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/export/sftpgo/external_auth_hook

@@ -69,11 +69,10 @@ TRUSTED_CREDS = [
   # /etc/shadow style creds.
   # mkpasswd -m sha-512
   # $<method>$<salt>$<hash>
-  "$6$Zq3c2u4ghUH4S6EP$pOuRt13sEKfX31OqPbbd1LuhS21C9MICMc94iRdTAgdAcJ9h95gQH/6Jf6Ie4Obb0oxQtojRJ1Pd/9QHOlFMW.",  #< m. rocket boy
-  "$6$B0NLGNdCL51PNse1$46G.aA1ATWIv5v.jUsKf4F3NS7emV2jB2gkZ3MytZtMvw2pjniHmRl0fywRjKW9TuXTeK9T50v.H0f2BaQ4PT1",  #< v. telephony
+  "$6$Zq3c2u4ghUH4S6EP$pOuRt13sEKfX31OqPbbd1LuhS21C9MICMc94iRdTAgdAcJ9h95gQH/6Jf6Ie4Obb0oxQtojRJ1Pd/9QHOlFMW."  #< m. rocket boy
 ]
 TRUSTED_VIEWING_OR_PLAYGROUND_CREDS = [
-  # "$6$iikDajz5b.YH1.on$tfSzzBEtX8IeDiJJXCasOTxRTd7cFDKXU6dhlWYVhK6xDeJhV2fh6bmm1WIHItjIth9Eh9zNgUB8xibMIWCm/."  # fedi (2024-08-27); music appreciation
+  "$6$iikDajz5b.YH1.on$tfSzzBEtX8IeDiJJXCasOTxRTd7cFDKXU6dhlWYVhK6xDeJhV2fh6bmm1WIHItjIth9Eh9zNgUB8xibMIWCm/."
 ];
 
 def mkAuthOk(username: str, permissions: dict[str, list[str]]) -> dict:
@@ -134,7 +133,6 @@ def getAuthResponse(ip: str, username: str, password: str) -> dict:
       "/": PERM_RW,
       "/playground": PERM_RW,
       "/.public_for_test": PERM_RO,
-      "/media/Music": PERM_RO,  #< i am too picky about Music organization
     })
   if isTrustedCred(password, TRUSTED_VIEWING_OR_PLAYGROUND_CREDS) and username != "colin":
     return mkAuthOk(username, permissions = {

hosts/by-name/servo/services/gerbera.nix

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-# gerbera UPNP/media server
-# accessible from TVs on the LAN
-# unauthenticated admin and playback UI at http://servo:49152/
-#
-# supposedly does transcoding, but i poked at it for 10 minutes and couldn't get that working
-#
-# compatibility:
-# - LG TV: music: all working
-# - LG TV: videos: mixed
-{ lib, ... }:
-lib.mkIf false  #< XXX(2024-11-17): WORKS, but no better than any other service; slow to index and transcoding doesn't work
-{
-  sane.ports.ports."1900" = {
-    protocol = [ "udp" ];
-    visibleTo.lan = true;
-    description = "colin-upnp-for-gerbera";
-  };
-  sane.ports.ports."49152" = {
-    protocol = [ "tcp" "udp" ];  # TODO: is udp required?
-    visibleTo.lan = true;
-    description = "colin-gerbera-http";
-  };
-
-  sane.persist.sys.byStore.plaintext = [
-    # persist the index database, since it takes a good 30 minutes to scan the media collection
-    { user = "mediatomb"; group = "mediatomb"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/gerbera"; method = "bind"; }
-  ];
-
-  services.mediatomb.enable = true;
-  services.mediatomb.serverName = "servo";
-  services.mediatomb.transcoding = true;
-  services.mediatomb.mediaDirectories = [
-    { path = "/var/media/Music"; recursive = true; hidden-files = false; }
-    { path = "/var/media/Videos/Film"; recursive = true; hidden-files = false; }
-    { path = "/var/media/Videos/Shows"; recursive = true; hidden-files = false; }
-  ];
-  users.users.mediatomb.extraGroups = [ "media" ];
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/gitea.nix

@@ -11,23 +11,15 @@
 
   services.gitea.enable = true;
   services.gitea.user = "git";  # default is 'gitea'
+  services.gitea.database.type = "postgres";
+  services.gitea.database.user = "git";
   services.gitea.appName = "Perfectly Sane Git";
   # services.gitea.disableRegistration = true;
 
-  services.gitea.database.createDatabase = false;  # can only createDatabase if user ("git") == dbname ("gitea")
-  services.gitea.database.type = "postgres";
-  services.gitea.database.user = "git";
-  # createDatabase=false means manually specify the connection; see: <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/268849>
-  services.gitea.database.name = "gitea";
+  services.gitea.database.createDatabase = false;  #< silence warning which wants db user and name to be equal
+  # TODO: remove this after merge: <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/268849>
   services.gitea.database.socket = "/run/postgresql";  #< would have been set if createDatabase = true
 
-  services.postgresql.enable = true;
-  services.postgresql.ensureDatabases = [ "gitea" ];
-  services.postgresql.ensureUsers = [{
-    name = "git";
-    # ensureDBOwnership = true;  # not possible if db name ("gitea") != db username ("git"); one-time manual setup required to grant user ownership of the relevant db
-  }];
-
   # gitea doesn't create the git user
   users.users.git = {
     description = "Gitea Service";
@@ -94,7 +86,7 @@
       ENABLED = true;
       FROM = "notify.git@uninsane.org";
       PROTOCOL = "sendmail";
-      SENDMAIL_PATH = lib.getExe' pkgs.postfix "sendmail";
+      SENDMAIL_PATH = "${pkgs.postfix}/bin/sendmail";
       SENDMAIL_ARGS = "--";  # most "sendmail" programs take options, "--" will prevent an email address being interpreted as an option.
     };
     time = {
@@ -104,75 +96,37 @@
     };
   };
 
-  systemd.services.gitea.wants = [ "postgresql.service" ];
   systemd.services.gitea.serviceConfig = {
     # nix default is AF_UNIX AF_INET AF_INET6.
     # we need more protos for sendmail to work. i thought it only needed +AF_LOCAL, but that didn't work.
     RestrictAddressFamilies = lib.mkForce "~";
     # add maildrop to allow sendmail to work
-    ReadWritePaths = [
+    ReadWritePaths = lib.mkForce [
       "/var/lib/postfix/queue/maildrop"
+      "/var/lib/gitea"
     ];
-    # rate limit the restarts to prevent systemd from disabling it
-    RestartSec = 5;
-    RestartMaxDelaySec = 30;
-    StartLimitBurst = 120;
-    RestartSteps = 5;
   };
 
-  # services.openssh.settings.UsePAM = true;  #< required for `git` user to authenticate
-
-  services.anubis.instances."git.uninsane.org" = {
-    settings.TARGET = "http://127.0.0.1:3000";
-    # allow IM clients/etc to show embeds/previews, else they just show "please verify you aren't a bot..."
-    botPolicy.openGraph.enabled = true;
-  };
+  services.openssh.settings.UsePAM = true;  #< required for `git` user to authenticate
 
   # hosted git (web view and for `git <cmd>` use
   # TODO: enable publog?
-  services.nginx.virtualHosts."git.uninsane.org" = let
-    # XXX(2025-07-24): gitea's still being crawled, even with robots.txt.
-    # the load is less than when Anthropic first started, but it's still pretty high (like 600%).
-    # place behind anubis to prevent AI crawlers from hogging my CPU (gitea is slow to render pages).
-    proxyPassHeavy = "http://unix:${config.services.anubis.instances."git.uninsane.org".settings.BIND}";
-    # but anubis breaks embeds, so only protect the expensive repos.
-    proxyPassLight = "http://127.0.0.1:3000";
-    proxyTo = proxy: root: {
-      proxyPass = proxy;
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
-    };
-  in {
+  services.nginx.virtualHosts."git.uninsane.org" = {
     forceSSL = true;  # gitea complains if served over a different protocol than its config file says
     enableACME = true;
     # inherit kTLS;
-    extraConfig = ''
-      client_max_body_size 100m;
-    '';
 
     locations."/" = {
-      proxyPass = proxyPassLight;
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
+      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:3000";
     };
-    # selectively proxy the heavyweight items through anubis.
-    # a typical interaction is:
-    # nginx:/colin/linux -> anubis:/colin/linux -> browser is served a loading page
-    # -> nginx:.within.website/x/cmd/anubis/api/pass-challenge?response=... -> anubis:.within.website/x/cmd/anubis/api/pass-challenge?response=... -> browser is forwarded to /colin/linux
-    # -> nginx:/colin/linux -> anubis:/colin/linux -> gitea:/colin/linux -> browser is served the actual content
-    locations."/.within.website/" = proxyTo proxyPassHeavy;
-    locations."/colin/linux" = proxyTo proxyPassHeavy;
-    locations."/colin/nixpkgs" = proxyTo proxyPassHeavy;
-    locations."/colin/opencellid-mirror" = proxyTo proxyPassHeavy;
-    locations."/colin/podcastindex-db-mirror" = proxyTo proxyPassHeavy;
-
     # fuck you @anthropic
-    # locations."= /robots.txt".extraConfig = ''
-    #   return 200 "User-agent: *\nDisallow: /\n";
-    # '';
+    locations."= /robots.txt".extraConfig = ''
+      return 200 "User-agent: *\nDisallow: /\n";
+    '';
     # gitea serves all `raw` files as content-type: plain, but i'd like to serve them as their actual content type.
     # or at least, enough to make specific pages viewable (serving unoriginal content as arbitrary content type is dangerous).
     locations."~ ^/colin/phone-case-cq/raw/.*.html" = {
-      proxyPass = proxyPassLight;
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
+      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:3000";
       extraConfig = ''
         proxy_hide_header Content-Type;
         default_type text/html;
@@ -180,8 +134,7 @@
       '';
     };
     locations."~ ^/colin/phone-case-cq/raw/.*.js" = {
-      proxyPass = proxyPassLight;
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
+      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:3000";
       extraConfig = ''
         proxy_hide_header Content-Type;
         default_type text/html;

hosts/by-name/servo/services/goaccess.nix

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-{ lib, pkgs, ... }:
-lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used it in several months
+{ pkgs, ... }:
 {
   # based on <https://bytes.fyi/real-time-goaccess-reports-with-nginx/>
   # log-format setting can be derived with this tool if custom:
@@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used it in several mon
     description = "GoAccess server monitoring";
     serviceConfig = {
       ExecStart = ''
-        ${lib.getExe pkgs.goaccess} \
+        ${pkgs.goaccess}/bin/goaccess \
           -f /var/log/nginx/public.log \
           --log-format=VCOMBINED \
           --real-time-html \
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used it in several mon
           --port=7890 \
           -o /var/lib/goaccess/index.html
       '';
-      ExecReload = "${lib.getExe' pkgs.coreutils "kill"} -HUP $MAINPID";
+      ExecReload = "${pkgs.coreutils}/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID";
       Type = "simple";
       Restart = "on-failure";
       RestartSec = "10s";
@@ -56,7 +55,6 @@ lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used it in several mon
 
     locations."/ws" = {
       proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:7890";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
       # XXX not sure how much of this is necessary
       extraConfig = ''
         proxy_http_version 1.1;

hosts/by-name/servo/services/hickory-dns.nix

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # TODO: split this file apart into smaller files to make it easier to understand
-{ config, lib, ... }:
+{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
 
 let
   dyn-dns = config.sane.services.dyn-dns;
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ in
     ];
   };
 
-  services.hickory-dns.settings.zones = builtins.attrNames config.sane.dns.zones;
+  services.hickory-dns.settings.zones = [ "uninsane.org" ];
+
 
   networking.nat.enable = true;  #< TODO: try removing this?
   # networking.nat.extraCommands = ''
@@ -85,9 +86,9 @@ in
   sane.services.hickory-dns.enable = true;
   sane.services.hickory-dns.instances = let
     mkSubstitutions = flavor: {
-      "%ADOOF%" = config.sane.netns.doof.wg.address.ipv4;
+      "%ADOOF%" = config.sane.netns.doof.netnsPubIpv4;
       "%ANATIVE%" = nativeAddrs."servo.${flavor}";
-      "%AOVPNS%" = config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4;
+      "%AOVPNS%" = config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4;
       "%AWAN%" = "$(cat '${dyn-dns.ipPath}')";
       "%CNAMENATIVE%" = "servo.${flavor}";
     };
@@ -96,37 +97,37 @@ in
     doof = {
       substitutions = mkSubstitutions "doof";
       listenAddrsIpv4 = [
-        config.sane.netns.doof.veth.initns.ipv4
-        config.sane.netns.doof.wg.address.ipv4
+        config.sane.netns.doof.hostVethIpv4
+        config.sane.netns.doof.netnsPubIpv4
         nativeAddrs."servo.lan"
-        # config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.initns.ipv4
+        # config.sane.netns.ovpns.hostVethIpv4
       ];
     };
-    # hn = {
-    #   substitutions = mkSubstitutions "hn";
-    #   listenAddrsIpv4 = [ nativeAddrs."servo.hn" ];
-    #   enableRecursiveResolver = true;  #< allow wireguard clients to use this as their DNS resolver
-    #   # extraConfig = {
-    #   #   zones = [
-    #   #     {
-    #   #       # forward the root zone to the local DNS resolver
-    #   #       # to allow wireguard clients to use this as their DNS resolver
-    #   #       zone = ".";
-    #   #       zone_type = "Forward";
-    #   #       stores = {
-    #   #         type = "forward";
-    #   #         name_servers = [
-    #   #           {
-    #   #             socket_addr = "127.0.0.53:53";
-    #   #             protocol = "udp";
-    #   #             trust_nx_responses = true;
-    #   #           }
-    #   #         ];
-    #   #       };
-    #   #     }
-    #   #   ];
-    #   # };
+    hn = {
+      substitutions = mkSubstitutions "hn";
+      listenAddrsIpv4 = [ nativeAddrs."servo.hn" ];
+      enableRecursiveResolver = true;  #< allow wireguard clients to use this as their DNS resolver
+      # extraConfig = {
+      #   zones = [
+      #     {
+      #       # forward the root zone to the local DNS resolver
+      #       # to allow wireguard clients to use this as their DNS resolver
+      #       zone = ".";
+      #       zone_type = "Forward";
+      #       stores = {
+      #         type = "forward";
+      #         name_servers = [
+      #           {
+      #             socket_addr = "127.0.0.53:53";
+      #             protocol = "udp";
+      #             trust_nx_responses = true;
+      #           }
+      #         ];
       #       };
+      #     }
+      #   ];
+      # };
+    };
     # lan = {
     #   substitutions = mkSubstitutions "lan";
     #   listenAddrsIpv4 = [ nativeAddrs."servo.lan" ];
@@ -140,10 +141,5 @@ in
     # };
   };
 
-  systemd.services.hickory-dns-doof.after = [
-    # service will fail to bind the veth, otherwise
-    "netns-doof-veth.service"
-  ];
-
   sane.services.dyn-dns.restartOnChange = lib.map (c: "${c.service}.service") (builtins.attrValues config.sane.services.hickory-dns.instances);
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/ipfs.nix

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ lib.mkIf false # i don't actively use ipfs anymore
 
     locations."/" = {
       proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8080";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
       extraConfig = ''
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Ipfs-Gateway-Prefix "";

hosts/by-name/servo/services/jackett/default.nix

@@ -10,16 +10,15 @@ in
   ];
   services.jackett.enable = true;
 
-  # run this behind the OVPN static VPN
-  sane.netns.ovpns.services = [ "jackett" ];
+  systemd.services.jackett.after = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
+  systemd.services.jackett.partOf = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
   systemd.services.jackett = {
-    serviceConfig.ExecStartPre = [
-      # abort if public IP is not as expected
-      "${lib.getExe pkgs.sane-scripts.ip-check} --no-upnp --expect ${config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4}"
-    ];
+    # run this behind the OVPN static VPN
+    serviceConfig.NetworkNamespacePath = "/run/netns/ovpns";
+    serviceConfig.ExecStartPre = [ "${lib.getExe pkgs.sane-scripts.ip-check} --no-upnp --expect ${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4}" ];  # abort if public IP is not as expected
     # patch in `--ListenPublic` so that it's reachable from the netns veth.
     # this also makes it reachable from the VPN pub address. oh well.
-    serviceConfig.ExecStart = lib.mkForce "${lib.getExe' cfg.package "Jackett"} --ListenPublic --NoUpdates --DataFolder '${cfg.dataDir}'";
+    serviceConfig.ExecStart = lib.mkForce "${cfg.package}/bin/Jackett --ListenPublic --NoUpdates --DataFolder '${cfg.dataDir}'";
     serviceConfig.RestartSec = "30s";
 
     # hardening (systemd-analyze security jackett)
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ in
     enableACME = true;
     # inherit kTLS;
     locations."/" = {
-      proxyPass = "http://${config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.netns.ipv4}:9117";
+      proxyPass = "http://${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsVethIpv4}:9117";
       recommendedProxySettings = true;
     };
     locations."= /robots.txt".extraConfig = ''

hosts/by-name/servo/services/jellyfin.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# configuration options (today i don't store my config in nix):
+#
+# - jellyfin-web can be statically configured (result/share/jellyfin-web/config.json)
+#   - <https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/clients/web-config>
+#   - configure server list, plugins, "menuLinks", colors
+#
+# - jellfyin server is configured in /var/lib/jellfin/
+#   - root/default/<LibraryType>/
+#     - <LibraryName>.mblink: contains the directory name where this library lives
+#     - options.xml: contains preferences which were defined in the web UI during import
+#       - e.g. `EnablePhotos`, `EnableChapterImageExtraction`, etc.
+#   - config/encoding.xml: transcoder settings
+#   - config/system.xml: misc preferences like log file duration, audiobook resume settings, etc.
+#   - data/jellyfin.db: maybe account definitions? internal state?
+
+{ config, lib, ... }:
+
+{
+  # https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/networking/index.html
+  sane.ports.ports."1900" = {
+    protocol = [ "udp" ];
+    visibleTo.lan = true;
+    description = "colin-upnp-for-jellyfin";
+  };
+  sane.ports.ports."7359" = {
+    protocol = [ "udp" ];
+    visibleTo.lan = true;
+    description = "colin-jellyfin-specific-client-discovery";
+    # ^ not sure if this is necessary: copied this port from nixos jellyfin.openFirewall
+  };
+  # not sure if 8096/8920 get used either:
+  sane.ports.ports."8096" = {
+    protocol = [ "tcp" ];
+    visibleTo.lan = true;
+    description = "colin-jellyfin-http-lan";
+  };
+  sane.ports.ports."8920" = {
+    protocol = [ "tcp" ];
+    visibleTo.lan = true;
+    description = "colin-jellyfin-https-lan";
+  };
+
+  sane.persist.sys.byStore.plaintext = [
+    { user = "jellyfin"; group = "jellyfin"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/jellyfin"; method = "bind"; }
+  ];
+  sane.fs."/var/lib/jellyfin/config/logging.json" = {
+    # "Emby.Dlna" logging: <https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/networking/dlna>
+    symlink.text = ''
+      {
+        "Serilog": {
+          "MinimumLevel": {
+            "Default": "Information",
+            "Override": {
+              "Microsoft": "Warning",
+              "System": "Warning",
+              "Emby.Dlna": "Debug",
+              "Emby.Dlna.Eventing": "Debug"
+            }
+          },
+          "WriteTo": [
+            {
+              "Name": "Console",
+              "Args": {
+                "outputTemplate": "[{Timestamp:HH:mm:ss}] [{Level:u3}] [{ThreadId}] {SourceContext}: {Message:lj}{NewLine}{Exception}"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "Enrich": [ "FromLogContext", "WithThreadId" ]
+        }
+      }
+    '';
+    wantedBeforeBy = [ "jellyfin.service" ];
+  };
+
+  # Jellyfin multimedia server
+  # this is mostly taken from the official jellfin.org docs
+  services.nginx.virtualHosts."jelly.uninsane.org" = {
+    forceSSL = true;
+    enableACME = true;
+    # inherit kTLS;
+
+    locations."/" = {
+      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8096";
+      extraConfig = ''
+        proxy_set_header Host $host;
+        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Protocol $scheme;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
+
+        # Disable buffering when the nginx proxy gets very resource heavy upon streaming
+        proxy_buffering off;
+      '';
+    };
+    # locations."/web/" = {
+    #   proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8096/web/index.html";
+    #   extraConfig = ''
+    #     proxy_set_header Host $host;
+    #     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+    #     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+    #     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+    #     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Protocol $scheme;
+    #     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
+    #   '';
+    # };
+    locations."/socket" = {
+      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8096";
+      extraConfig = ''
+        proxy_http_version 1.1;
+        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
+        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
+
+        proxy_set_header Host $host;
+        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Protocol $scheme;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
+      '';
+    };
+  };
+
+  sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.CNAME."jelly" = "native";
+
+  services.jellyfin.enable = true;
+}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/jellyfin/default.nix

@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-# configuration options (today only a *subset* of the config is done in nix)
-# - jellyfin-web can be statically configured (result/share/jellyfin-web/config.json)
-#   - <https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/clients/web-config>
-#   - configure server list, plugins, "menuLinks", colors
-#
-# - jellfyin server is configured in /var/lib/jellfin/
-#   - root/default/<LibraryType>/
-#     - <LibraryName>.mblink: contains the directory name where this library lives
-#     - options.xml: contains preferences which were defined in the web UI during import
-#       - e.g. `EnablePhotos`, `EnableChapterImageExtraction`, etc.
-#   - config/encoding.xml: transcoder settings
-#   - config/system.xml: misc preferences like log file duration, audiobook resume settings, etc.
-#   - data/jellyfin.db: maybe account definitions? internal state?
-#
-# N.B.: default install DOES NOT SUPPORT DLNA out of the box.
-#       one must install it as a "plugin", which can be done through the UI.
-{ config, lib, ... }:
-
-# lib.mkIf false  #< XXX(2024-11-17): disabled because it hasn't been working for months; web UI hangs on load, TVs see no files
-{
-  config = lib.mkIf (config.sane.maxBuildCost >= 2) {
-    # https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/networking/index.html
-    sane.ports.ports."1900" = {
-      protocol = [ "udp" ];
-      visibleTo.lan = true;
-      description = "colin-upnp-for-jellyfin";
-    };
-    sane.ports.ports."7359" = {
-      protocol = [ "udp" ];
-      visibleTo.lan = true;
-      description = "colin-jellyfin-specific-client-discovery";
-      # ^ not sure if this is necessary: copied this port from nixos jellyfin.openFirewall
-    };
-    # not sure if 8096/8920 get used either:
-    sane.ports.ports."8096" = {
-      protocol = [ "tcp" ];
-      visibleTo.lan = true;
-      description = "colin-jellyfin-http-lan";
-    };
-    sane.ports.ports."8920" = {
-      protocol = [ "tcp" ];
-      visibleTo.lan = true;
-      description = "colin-jellyfin-https-lan";
-    };
-
-    sane.persist.sys.byStore.plaintext = [
-      { user = "jellyfin"; group = "jellyfin"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/jellyfin/data"; method = "bind"; }
-      { user = "jellyfin"; group = "jellyfin"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/jellyfin/metadata"; method = "bind"; }
-      # TODO: ship plugins statically, via nix. that'll be less fragile
-      { user = "jellyfin"; group = "jellyfin"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/jellyfin/plugins/DLNA_5.0.0.0"; method = "bind"; }
-      { user = "jellyfin"; group = "jellyfin"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/jellyfin/root"; method = "bind"; }
-    ];
-    sane.persist.sys.byStore.ephemeral = [
-      { user = "jellyfin"; group = "jellyfin"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/jellyfin/log"; method = "bind"; }
-      { user = "jellyfin"; group = "jellyfin"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/jellyfin/transcodes"; method = "bind"; }
-    ];
-
-    services.jellyfin.enable = true;
-    users.users.jellyfin.extraGroups = [ "media" ];
-
-    sane.fs."/var/lib/jellyfin".dir.acl = {
-      user = "jellyfin";
-      group = "jellyfin";
-      mode = "0700";
-    };
-
-    # `"Jellyfin.Plugin.Dlna": "Debug"` logging: <https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/networking/dlna>
-    # TODO: switch Dlna back to 'Information' once satisfied with stability
-    sane.fs."/var/lib/jellyfin/config/logging.json".symlink.text = ''
-      {
-        "Serilog": {
-          "MinimumLevel": {
-            "Default": "Information",
-            "Override": {
-              "Microsoft": "Warning",
-              "System": "Warning",
-              "Jellyfin.Plugin.Dlna": "Debug"
-            }
-          },
-          "WriteTo": [
-            {
-              "Name": "Console",
-              "Args": {
-                "outputTemplate": "[{Timestamp:HH:mm:ss}] [{Level:u3}] [{ThreadId}] {SourceContext}: {Message:lj}{NewLine}{Exception}"
-              }
-            }
-          ],
-          "Enrich": [ "FromLogContext", "WithThreadId" ]
-        }
-      }
-    '';
-
-    sane.fs."/var/lib/jellyfin/config/network.xml".file.text = ''
-      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-      <NetworkConfiguration xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
-        <BaseUrl />
-        <EnableHttps>false</EnableHttps>
-        <RequireHttps>false</RequireHttps>
-        <InternalHttpPort>8096</InternalHttpPort>
-        <InternalHttpsPort>8920</InternalHttpsPort>
-        <PublicHttpPort>8096</PublicHttpPort>
-        <PublicHttpsPort>8920</PublicHttpsPort>
-        <AutoDiscovery>true</AutoDiscovery>
-        <EnableUPnP>false</EnableUPnP>
-        <EnableIPv4>true</EnableIPv4>
-        <EnableIPv6>false</EnableIPv6>
-        <EnableRemoteAccess>true</EnableRemoteAccess>
-        <LocalNetworkSubnets>
-          <string>10.78.76.0/22</string>
-        </LocalNetworkSubnets>
-        <KnownProxies>
-          <string>127.0.0.1</string>
-          <string>localhost</string>
-          <string>10.78.79.1</string>
-        </KnownProxies>
-        <IgnoreVirtualInterfaces>false</IgnoreVirtualInterfaces>
-        <VirtualInterfaceNames />
-        <EnablePublishedServerUriByRequest>false</EnablePublishedServerUriByRequest>
-        <PublishedServerUriBySubnet />
-        <RemoteIPFilter />
-        <IsRemoteIPFilterBlacklist>false</IsRemoteIPFilterBlacklist>
-      </NetworkConfiguration>
-    '';
-
-    # guest user id is `5ad194d60dca41de84b332950ffc4308`
-    sane.fs."/var/lib/jellyfin/plugins/configurations/Jellyfin.Plugin.Dlna.xml".file.text = ''
-      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-      <DlnaPluginConfiguration xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
-        <EnablePlayTo>true</EnablePlayTo>
-        <ClientDiscoveryIntervalSeconds>60</ClientDiscoveryIntervalSeconds>
-        <BlastAliveMessages>true</BlastAliveMessages>
-        <AliveMessageIntervalSeconds>180</AliveMessageIntervalSeconds>
-        <SendOnlyMatchedHost>true</SendOnlyMatchedHost>
-        <DefaultUserId>5ad194d6-0dca-41de-84b3-32950ffc4308</DefaultUserId>
-      </DlnaPluginConfiguration>
-    '';
-
-    # fix LG TV to play more files.
-    # there are certain files for which it only supports Direct Play (not even "Direct Stream" -- but "Direct Play").
-    # this isn't a 100% fix: patching the profile allows e.g. Azumanga Daioh to play,
-    # but A Place Further Than the Universe still fails as before.
-    #
-    # profile is based on upstream: <https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin-plugin-dlna>
-    sane.fs."/var/lib/jellyfin/plugins/DLNA_5.0.0.0/profiles/LG Smart TV.xml".symlink.target = ./dlna/user/LG_Smart_TV.xml;
-    # XXX(2024-11-17): old method, but the file referenced seems not to be used and setting just it causes failures:
-    # > [DBG] Jellyfin.Plugin.Dlna.ContentDirectory.ContentDirectoryService: Not eligible for DirectPlay due to unsupported subtitles
-    # sane.fs."/var/lib/jellyfin/plugins/configurations/dlna/user/LG Smart TV.xml".symlink.target = ./dlna/user/LG_Smart_TV.xml;
-
-    systemd.services.jellyfin.unitConfig.RequiresMountsFor = [
-      "/var/media"
-    ];
-
-    # Jellyfin multimedia server
-    # this is mostly taken from the official jellfin.org docs
-    services.nginx.virtualHosts."jelly.uninsane.org" = {
-      forceSSL = true;
-      enableACME = true;
-      # inherit kTLS;
-
-      locations."/" = {
-        proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8096";
-        proxyWebsockets = true;
-        recommendedProxySettings = true;
-        # extraConfig = ''
-        #   # Disable buffering when the nginx proxy gets very resource heavy upon streaming
-        #   proxy_buffering off;
-        # '';
-      };
-    };
-
-    sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.CNAME."jelly" = "native";
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/jellyfin/dlna/user/LG_Smart_TV.xml

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0"?>
-<Profile xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
-  <Name>LG Smart TV</Name>
-  <Identification>
-    <ModelName>LG TV</ModelName>
-    <Headers />
-  </Identification>
-  <Manufacturer>Jellyfin</Manufacturer>
-  <ManufacturerUrl>https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin</ManufacturerUrl>
-  <ModelName>Jellyfin Server</ModelName>
-  <ModelDescription>UPnP/AV 1.0 Compliant Media Server</ModelDescription>
-  <ModelNumber>01</ModelNumber>
-  <ModelUrl>https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin</ModelUrl>
-  <EnableAlbumArtInDidl>false</EnableAlbumArtInDidl>
-  <EnableSingleAlbumArtLimit>false</EnableSingleAlbumArtLimit>
-  <EnableSingleSubtitleLimit>false</EnableSingleSubtitleLimit>
-  <SupportedMediaTypes>Audio,Photo,Video</SupportedMediaTypes>
-  <AlbumArtPn>JPEG_SM</AlbumArtPn>
-  <MaxAlbumArtWidth>480</MaxAlbumArtWidth>
-  <MaxAlbumArtHeight>480</MaxAlbumArtHeight>
-  <MaxIconWidth>48</MaxIconWidth>
-  <MaxIconHeight>48</MaxIconHeight>
-  <MaxStreamingBitrate>140000000</MaxStreamingBitrate>
-  <MaxStaticBitrate>140000000</MaxStaticBitrate>
-  <MusicStreamingTranscodingBitrate>192000</MusicStreamingTranscodingBitrate>
-  <MaxStaticMusicBitrate xsi:nil="true" />
-  <ProtocolInfo>http-get:*:video/mpeg:*,http-get:*:video/mp4:*,http-get:*:video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts:*,http-get:*:video/avi:*,http-get:*:video/x-matroska:*,http-get:*:video/x-ms-wmv:*,http-get:*:video/wtv:*,http-get:*:audio/mpeg:*,http-get:*:audio/mp3:*,http-get:*:audio/mp4:*,http-get:*:audio/x-ms-wma:*,http-get:*:audio/wav:*,http-get:*:audio/L16:*,http-get:*:image/jpeg:*,http-get:*:image/png:*,http-get:*:image/gif:*,http-get:*:image/tiff:*</ProtocolInfo>
-  <TimelineOffsetSeconds>10</TimelineOffsetSeconds>
-  <RequiresPlainVideoItems>false</RequiresPlainVideoItems>
-  <RequiresPlainFolders>false</RequiresPlainFolders>
-  <EnableMSMediaReceiverRegistrar>false</EnableMSMediaReceiverRegistrar>
-  <IgnoreTranscodeByteRangeRequests>false</IgnoreTranscodeByteRangeRequests>
-  <XmlRootAttributes />
-  <DirectPlayProfiles>
-    <DirectPlayProfile container="ts,mpegts,avi,mkv,m2ts" audioCodec="aac,ac3,eac3,mp3,dca,dts" videoCodec="h264,hevc" type="Video" />
-    <DirectPlayProfile container="mp4,m4v" audioCodec="aac,ac3,eac3,mp3,dca,dts" videoCodec="h264,mpeg4,hevc" type="Video" />
-    <DirectPlayProfile container="mp3" type="Audio" />
-    <DirectPlayProfile container="jpeg" type="Photo" />
-    <DirectPlayProfile container="" audioCodec="" videoCodec="" type="Video" />
-  </DirectPlayProfiles>
-  <TranscodingProfiles>
-    <TranscodingProfile container="mp3" type="Audio" audioCodec="mp3" estimateContentLength="false" enableMpegtsM2TsMode="false" transcodeSeekInfo="Auto" copyTimestamps="false" context="Streaming" enableSubtitlesInManifest="false" minSegments="0" segmentLength="0" breakOnNonKeyFrames="false" />
-    <TranscodingProfile container="ts" type="Video" videoCodec="h264" audioCodec="ac3,aac,mp3" estimateContentLength="false" enableMpegtsM2TsMode="false" transcodeSeekInfo="Auto" copyTimestamps="false" context="Streaming" enableSubtitlesInManifest="false" minSegments="0" segmentLength="0" breakOnNonKeyFrames="false" />
-    <TranscodingProfile container="jpeg" type="Photo" estimateContentLength="false" enableMpegtsM2TsMode="false" transcodeSeekInfo="Auto" copyTimestamps="false" context="Streaming" enableSubtitlesInManifest="false" minSegments="0" segmentLength="0" breakOnNonKeyFrames="false" />
-  </TranscodingProfiles>
-  <ContainerProfiles>
-    <ContainerProfile type="Photo">
-      <Conditions>
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="Width" value="1920" isRequired="true" />
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="Height" value="1080" isRequired="true" />
-      </Conditions>
-    </ContainerProfile>
-  </ContainerProfiles>
-  <CodecProfiles>
-    <CodecProfile type="Video" codec="mpeg4">
-      <Conditions>
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="Width" value="1920" isRequired="true" />
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="Height" value="1080" isRequired="true" />
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="VideoFramerate" value="30" isRequired="true" />
-      </Conditions>
-      <ApplyConditions />
-    </CodecProfile>
-    <CodecProfile type="Video" codec="h264">
-      <Conditions>
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="Width" value="1920" isRequired="true" />
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="Height" value="1080" isRequired="true" />
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="VideoLevel" value="41" isRequired="true" />
-      </Conditions>
-      <ApplyConditions />
-    </CodecProfile>
-    <CodecProfile type="VideoAudio" codec="ac3,eac3,aac,mp3">
-      <Conditions>
-        <ProfileCondition condition="LessThanEqual" property="AudioChannels" value="6" isRequired="true" />
-      </Conditions>
-      <ApplyConditions />
-    </CodecProfile>
-  </CodecProfiles>
-  <ResponseProfiles>
-    <ResponseProfile container="m4v" type="Video" mimeType="video/mp4">
-      <Conditions />
-    </ResponseProfile>
-    <ResponseProfile container="ts,mpegts" type="Video" mimeType="video/mpeg">
-      <Conditions />
-    </ResponseProfile>
-  </ResponseProfiles>
-  <SubtitleProfiles>
-    <SubtitleProfile format="srt" method="Embed" />
-    <SubtitleProfile format="srt" method="External" />
-  </SubtitleProfiles>
-</Profile>

hosts/by-name/servo/services/kiwix-serve.nix

@@ -1,42 +1,30 @@
-{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+# how to update wikipedia snapshot:
+# - browse for later snapshots:
+#   - <https://mirror.accum.se/mirror/wikimedia.org/other/kiwix/zim/wikipedia>
+# - DL directly, or via rsync (resumable):
+#   - `rsync --progress --append-verify rsync://mirror.accum.se/mirror/wikimedia.org/other/kiwix/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_all_maxi_2022-05.zim .`
+
+{ ... }:
 {
-  config = lib.mkIf (config.sane.maxBuildCost >= 3) {
+  sane.persist.sys.byStore.ext = [
+    { user = "colin"; group = "users"; path = "/var/lib/kiwix"; method = "bind"; }
+  ];
+
   sane.services.kiwix-serve = {
     enable = true;
     port = 8013;
-      zimPaths = with pkgs.zimPackages; [
-        alpinelinux_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        archlinux_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        bitcoin_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        devdocs_en_nix.zimPath
-        gentoo_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        # khanacademy_en_all.zimPath  #< TODO: enable
-        openstreetmap-wiki_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        psychonautwiki_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        rationalwiki_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        # wikipedia_en_100.zimPath
-        wikipedia_en_all_maxi.zimPath
-        # wikipedia_en_all_mini.zimPath
-        zimgit-food-preparation_en.zimPath
-        zimgit-medicine_en.zimPath
-        zimgit-post-disaster_en.zimPath
-        zimgit-water_en.zimPath
-      ];
+    zimPaths = [ "/var/lib/kiwix/wikipedia_en_all_maxi_2023-11.zim" ];
   };
 
   services.nginx.virtualHosts."w.uninsane.org" = {
     forceSSL = true;
     enableACME = true;
     # inherit kTLS;
-      locations."/" = {
-        proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8013";
-        recommendedProxySettings = true;
-      };
+    locations."/".proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8013";
     locations."= /robots.txt".extraConfig = ''
       return 200 "User-agent: *\nDisallow: /\n";
     '';
   };
 
   sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.CNAME."w" = "native";
-  };
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/komga.nix

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-{ config, lib, ... }:
+{ config, ... }:
 let
   svc-cfg = config.services.komga;
   inherit (svc-cfg) user group port stateDir;
 in
-lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used this for several months
 {
   sane.persist.sys.byStore.plaintext = [
     { inherit user group; mode = "0700"; path = stateDir; method = "bind"; }
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used this for several
     enableACME = true;
     locations."/" = {
       proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:${builtins.toString port}";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
     };
     locations."= /robots.txt".extraConfig = ''
       return 200 "User-agent: *\nDisallow: /\n";

hosts/by-name/servo/services/lemmy.nix

@@ -5,26 +5,27 @@
 
 { config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
 let
+  inherit (builtins) toString;
+  inherit (lib) mkForce;
   uiPort = 1234;  # default ui port is 1234
   backendPort = 8536; # default backend port is 8536
   #^ i guess the "backend" port is used for federation?
   pict-rs = pkgs.pict-rs;
-  # pict-rs configuration is applied in this order:
-  # - via toml
-  # - via env vars (overrides everything above)
-  # - via CLI flags (overrides everything above)
-  # some of the CLI flags have defaults, making it the only actual way to configure certain things even when docs claim otherwise.
-  # CLI args: <https://git.asonix.dog/asonix/pict-rs#user-content-running>
-  # TOML args: <https://git.asonix.dog/asonix/pict-rs/src/branch/main/pict-rs.toml>
-  toml = pkgs.formats.toml { };
-  tomlConfig = toml.generate "pict-rs.toml" pictrsConfig;
-  pictrsConfig = {
-    media.process_timeout = 120;
-    media.video.allow_audio = true;
-    media.video.max_frame_count = 30 * 60 * 60;
-  };
+  # pict-rs = pkgs.pict-rs.overrideAttrs (upstream: {
+  #   # as of v0.4.2, all non-GIF video is forcibly transcoded.
+  #   # that breaks lemmy, because of the request latency.
+  #   # and it eats up hella CPU.
+  #   # pict-rs is iffy around video altogether: mp4 seems the best supported.
+  #   # XXX: this patch no longer applies after 0.5.10 -> 0.5.11 update.
+  #   #      git log is hard to parse, but *suggests* that video is natively supported
+  #   #      better than in the 0.4.2 days, e.g. 5fd59fc5b42d31559120dc28bfef4e5002fb509e
+  #   #      "Change commandline flag to allow disabling video, since it is enabled by default"
+  #   postPatch = (upstream.postPatch or "") + ''
+  #     substituteInPlace src/validate.rs \
+  #       --replace-fail 'if transcode_options.needs_reencode() {' 'if false {'
+  #   '';
+  # });
 in {
-  config = lib.mkIf (config.sane.maxBuildCost >= 2) {
   services.lemmy = {
     enable = true;
     settings.hostname = "lemmy.uninsane.org";
@@ -51,8 +52,8 @@ in {
     # - postgresql://[user[:password]@][netloc][:port][/dbname][?param1=value1&...]
     # LEMMY_DATABASE_URL = "postgres://lemmy@/run/postgresql";  # connection to server on socket "/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432" failed: FATAL:  database "run/postgresql" does not exist
     # LEMMY_DATABASE_URL = "postgres://lemmy?host=/run/postgresql";  # no PostgreSQL user name specified in startup packet
-      # LEMMY_DATABASE_URL = lib.mkForce "postgres://lemmy@?host=/run/postgresql";  # WORKS
-      LEMMY_DATABASE_URL = lib.mkForce "postgres://lemmy@/lemmy?host=/run/postgresql";
+    # LEMMY_DATABASE_URL = mkForce "postgres://lemmy@?host=/run/postgresql";  # WORKS
+    LEMMY_DATABASE_URL = mkForce "postgres://lemmy@/lemmy?host=/run/postgresql";
   };
   users.groups.lemmy = {};
   users.users.lemmy = {
@@ -71,14 +72,10 @@ in {
     # fix to use a normal user so we can configure perms correctly
     # XXX(2024-07-28): this hasn't been rigorously tested:
     # possible that i've set something too strict and won't notice right away
-      serviceConfig.DynamicUser = lib.mkForce false;
+    serviceConfig.DynamicUser = mkForce false;
     serviceConfig.User = "lemmy";
     serviceConfig.Group = "lemmy";
 
-      # switch postgres from Requires -> Wants, so that postgres may restart without taking lemmy down with it.
-      requires = lib.mkForce [];
-      wants = [ "postgresql.service" ];
-
     # hardening (systemd-analyze security lemmy)
     # a handful of these are specified in upstream nixpkgs, but mostly not
     serviceConfig.LockPersonality = true;
@@ -141,12 +138,18 @@ in {
   #v DO NOT REMOVE: defaults to 0.3, instead of latest, so always need to explicitly set this.
   services.pict-rs.package = pict-rs;
 
+  # pict-rs configuration is applied in this order:
+  # - via toml
+  # - via env vars (overrides everything above)
+  # - via CLI flags (overrides everything above)
+  # some of the CLI flags have defaults, making it the only actual way to configure certain things even when docs claim otherwise.
+  # CLI args: <https://git.asonix.dog/asonix/pict-rs#user-content-running>
   systemd.services.pict-rs = {
     serviceConfig.ExecStart = lib.mkForce (lib.concatStringsSep " " [
-        (lib.getExe pict-rs)
-        "--config-file"
-        tomlConfig
-        "run"
+      "${lib.getBin pict-rs}/bin/pict-rs run"
+      "--media-video-max-frame-count" (builtins.toString (30*60*60))
+      "--media-process-timeout 120"
+      "--media-video-allow-audio"  # allow audio
     ]);
 
     # hardening (systemd-analyze security pict-rs)
@@ -175,5 +178,4 @@ in {
     serviceConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
     serviceConfig.SystemCallFilter = [ "@system-service" ];
   };
-  };
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/matrix/default.nix

@@ -11,10 +11,8 @@
 #   - `curl --header "Authorization: Bearer <your_access_token>" --data '{ "app_display_name": "<topic>", "app_id": "ntfy.uninsane.org", "data": { "url": "https://ntfy.uninsane.org/_matrix/push/v1/notify", "format": "event_id_only" }, "device_display_name": "<topic>", "kind": "http", "lang": "en-US", "profile_tag": "", "pushkey": "<topic>" }' localhost:8008/_matrix/client/v3/pushers/set`
 # - delete a notification destination by setting `kind` to `null` (otherwise, request is identical to above)
 #
-{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
-let
-  ntfy = config.services.ntfy-sh.enable;
-in
+{ config, pkgs, ... }:
+
 {
   imports = [
     ./discord-puppet.nix
@@ -70,30 +68,21 @@ in
     config.sops.secrets."matrix_synapse_secrets.yaml".path
   ];
 
-  # tune restart settings to ensure systemd doesn't disable it, and we don't overwhelm postgres
-  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.serviceConfig.RestartSec = 5;
-  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.serviceConfig.RestartMaxDelaySec = 20;
-  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.serviceConfig.StartLimitBurst = 120;
-  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.serviceConfig.RestartSteps = 3;
-  # switch postgres from Requires -> Wants, so that postgres may restart without taking matrix down with it.
-  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.requires = lib.mkForce [];
-  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.wants = [ "postgresql.service" ];
-
-  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.postStart = lib.optionalString ntfy ''
-    ACCESS_TOKEN=$(${lib.getExe' pkgs.coreutils "cat"} ${config.sops.secrets.matrix_access_token.path})
-    TOPIC=$(${lib.getExe' pkgs.coreutils "cat"} ${config.sops.secrets.ntfy-sh-topic.path})
+  systemd.services.matrix-synapse.postStart = ''
+    ACCESS_TOKEN=$(${pkgs.coreutils}/bin/cat ${config.sops.secrets.matrix_access_token.path})
+    TOPIC=$(${pkgs.coreutils}/bin/cat ${config.sops.secrets.ntfy-sh-topic.path})
 
     echo "ensuring ntfy push gateway"
-    ${lib.getExe pkgs.curl} \
+    ${pkgs.curl}/bin/curl \
       --header "Authorization: Bearer $ACCESS_TOKEN" \
       --data "{ \"app_display_name\": \"ntfy-adapter\", \"app_id\": \"ntfy.uninsane.org\", \"data\": { \"url\": \"https://ntfy.uninsane.org/_matrix/push/v1/notify\", \"format\": \"event_id_only\" }, \"device_display_name\": \"ntfy-adapter\", \"kind\": \"http\", \"lang\": \"en-US\", \"profile_tag\": \"\", \"pushkey\": \"$TOPIC\" }" \
       localhost:8008/_matrix/client/v3/pushers/set
 
     echo "registered push gateways:"
-    ${lib.getExe pkgs.curl} \
+    ${pkgs.curl}/bin/curl \
       --header "Authorization: Bearer $ACCESS_TOKEN" \
       localhost:8008/_matrix/client/v3/pushers \
-      | ${lib.getExe pkgs.jq} .
+      | ${pkgs.jq}/bin/jq .
   '';
 
 
@@ -123,7 +112,6 @@ in
 
     locations."/" = {
       proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8008";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
       extraConfig = ''
         # allow uploading large files (matrix enforces a separate limit, downstream)
         client_max_body_size  512m;
@@ -171,5 +159,5 @@ in
     owner = config.users.users.matrix-synapse.name;
   };
   # provide access to ntfy-sh-topic secret
-  users.users.matrix-synapse.extraGroups = lib.optionals ntfy [ "ntfy-sh" ];
+  users.users.matrix-synapse.extraGroups = [ "ntfy-sh" ];
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/matrix/irc.nix

@@ -154,17 +154,8 @@ in
           # notable channels:
           # - #sxmo
           # - #sxmo-offtopic
-          # supposedly also available at <irc://37lnq2veifl4kar7.onion:6667/> (unofficial)
         };
         "irc.rizon.net" = ircServer { name = "Rizon"; };
-        # "irc.sdf.org" = ircServer {
-        #   # XXX(2024-11-06): seems it can't connect. "matrix-appservice-irc: WARN:Provisioner Provisioner only handles text 'yes'/'y' (from BASHy2-EU on irc.sdf.org)"
-        #   # use instead? <https://lemmy.sdf.org/c/sdfpubnix>
-        #   name = "sdf";
-        #   # sasl = false;
-        #   # notable channels (see: <https://sdf.org/?tutorials/irc-channels>)
-        #   # - #sdf
-        # };
         "wigle.net" = ircServer {
           name = "WiGLE";
           ssl = false;
@@ -184,7 +175,6 @@ in
     enableACME = true;
     locations."/media" = {
       proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:11111";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
     };
   };
 

hosts/by-name/servo/services/minidlna.nix

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# - `man 5 minidlna.conf`
-# - `man 8 minidlnad`
-#
-# this is an extremely simple (but limited) DLNA server:
-# - no web UI
-# - no runtime configuration -- just statically configure media directories instead
-# - no transcoding
-# compatibility:
-# - LG TV: music: all working
-# - LG TV: videos: mixed. i can't see the pattern; HEVC works; H.264 sometimes works.
-{ lib, ... }:
-lib.mkIf false  #< XXX(2024-11-17): WORKS, but i'm trying gerbera instead for hopefully better transcoding
-{
-  sane.ports.ports."1900" = {
-    protocol = [ "udp" ];
-    visibleTo.lan = true;
-    description = "colin-upnp-for-minidlna";
-  };
-  sane.ports.ports."8200" = {
-    protocol = [ "tcp" ];
-    visibleTo.lan = true;
-    description = "colin-minidlna-http";
-  };
-
-  services.minidlna.enable = true;
-
-  services.minidlna.settings = {
-    media_dir = [
-      # A/V/P to restrict a directory to audio/video/pictures
-      "A,/var/media/Music"
-      "V,/var/media/Videos/Film"
-      # "V,/var/media/Videos/Milkbags"
-      "V,/var/media/Videos/Shows"
-    ];
-    notify_interval = 60;
-  };
-
-  users.users.minidlna.extraGroups = [ "media" ];
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/mumble.nix

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-# murmur is the server component of mumble.
-# - docs: <https://www.mumble.info/documentation/>
-# - config docs: <https://www.mumble.info/documentation/administration/config-file/>
-#
-# default port is 64738 (UDP and TCP)
-#
-# FIRST-RUN:
-# - login from mumble client as `SuperUser`, password taken from `journalctl -u murmur`.
-# - login from another machine and right click on self -> 'Register'
-# - as SuperUser, right click on server root -> edit
-#   - Groups tab: select "admin", then add the other registered user to the group.
-# - log out as SuperUser and manage the server using that other user now.
-#
-# USAGE:
-# - 'auth' group = any user who has registered a cert with the server.
-{ ... }:
-{
-  sane.persist.sys.byStore.private = [
-    { user = "murmur"; group = "murmur"; mode = "0700"; path = "/var/lib/murmur"; method = "bind"; }
-  ];
-
-  services.murmur.enable = true;
-  services.murmur.welcometext = "welcome to Colin's mumble voice chat server";
-  # max bandwidth (bps) **per user**. i believe this affects both voice and uploads?
-  # mumble defaults to 558000, but nixos service defaults to 72000.
-  services.murmur.bandwidth = 558000;
-  services.murmur.imgMsgLength = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
-
-  services.murmur.sslCert = "/var/lib/acme/mumble.uninsane.org/fullchain.pem";
-  services.murmur.sslKey = "/var/lib/acme/mumble.uninsane.org/key.pem";
-  services.murmur.sslCa = "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt";
-
-  # allow clients on the LAN to discover this server
-  services.murmur.bonjour = true;
-
-  # mumble has a public server listing.
-  # my server doesn't associate with that registry (unless i specify registerPassword).
-  # however these settings appear to affect how the server presents itself to clients, regardless of registration.
-  services.murmur.registerName = "mumble.uninsane.org";
-  services.murmur.registerUrl = "https://mumble.uninsane.org";
-  services.murmur.registerHostname = "mumble.uninsane.org";
-
-  # defaultchannel=ID makes it so that unauthenticated users are placed in some specific channel when they join
-  services.murmur.extraConfig = ''
-    defaultchannel=2
-  '';
-
-  users.users.murmur.extraGroups = [
-    "nginx"  # provide access to certs
-  ];
-  services.nginx.virtualHosts."mumble.uninsane.org" = {
-    # allow ACME to procure a cert via nginx for this domain
-    enableACME = true;
-  };
-
-  sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet = {
-    CNAME."mumble" = "native";
-  };
-
-  sane.ports.ports."64738" = {
-    protocol = [ "tcp" "udp" ];
-    visibleTo.lan = true;
-    visibleTo.doof = true;
-    description = "colin-mumble";
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/navidrome.nix

@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@ lib.mkIf false  #< i don't actively use navidrome
     forceSSL = true;
     enableACME = true;
     # inherit kTLS;
-    locations."/" = {
-      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:4533";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
-    };
+    locations."/".proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:4533";
   };
 
   sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.CNAME."music" = "native";

hosts/by-name/servo/services/nginx.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+# docs: <https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Nginx>
+# docs: <https://nginx.org/en/docs/>
+{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+
+let
+  # make the logs for this host "public" so that they show up in e.g. metrics
+  publog = vhost: lib.attrsets.unionOfDisjoint vhost {
+    extraConfig = (vhost.extraConfig or "") + ''
+      access_log /var/log/nginx/public.log vcombined;
+    '';
+  };
+
+  # kTLS = true;  # in-kernel TLS for better perf
+in
+{
+
+  sane.ports.ports."80" = {
+    protocol = [ "tcp" ];
+    visibleTo.lan = true;
+    visibleTo.ovpns = true;  # so that letsencrypt can procure a cert for the mx record
+    visibleTo.doof = true;
+    description = "colin-http-uninsane.org";
+  };
+  sane.ports.ports."443" = {
+    protocol = [ "tcp" ];
+    visibleTo.lan = true;
+    visibleTo.doof = true;
+    description = "colin-https-uninsane.org";
+  };
+
+  services.nginx.enable = true;
+  # nginxStable is one release behind nginxMainline.
+  # nginx itself recommends running mainline; nixos defaults to stable.
+  # services.nginx.package = pkgs.nginxMainline;
+  # XXX(2024-07-31): nixos defaults to zlib-ng -- supposedly more performant, but spams log with
+  # "gzip filter failed to use preallocated memory: ..."
+  services.nginx.package = pkgs.nginxMainline.override { zlib = pkgs.zlib; };
+  services.nginx.appendConfig = ''
+    # use 1 process per core.
+    # may want to increase worker_connections too, but `ulimit -n` must be increased first.
+    worker_processes auto;
+  '';
+
+  # this is the standard `combined` log format, with the addition of $host
+  # so that we have the virtualHost in the log.
+  # KEEP IN SYNC WITH GOACCESS
+  # goaccess calls this VCOMBINED:
+  # - <https://gist.github.com/jyap808/10570005>
+  services.nginx.commonHttpConfig = ''
+    log_format vcombined '$host:$server_port $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referrer" "$http_user_agent"';
+    access_log /var/log/nginx/private.log vcombined;
+  '';
+  # enables gzip and sets gzip_comp_level = 5
+  services.nginx.recommendedGzipSettings = true;
+  # enables zstd and sets zstd_comp_level = 9
+  services.nginx.recommendedZstdSettings = true;
+  # enables OCSP stapling (so clients don't need contact the OCSP server -- i do instead)
+  # - doesn't seem to, actually: <https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=uninsane.org>
+  # caches TLS sessions for 10m
+  services.nginx.recommendedTlsSettings = true;
+  # enables sendfile, tcp_nopush, tcp_nodelay, keepalive_timeout 65
+  services.nginx.recommendedOptimisation = true;
+
+  # web blog/personal site
+  # alternative way to link stuff into the share:
+  # sane.fs."/var/www/sites/uninsane.org/share/Ubunchu".mount.bind = "/var/media/Books/Visual/HiroshiSeo/Ubunchu";
+  # sane.fs."/var/media/Books/Visual/HiroshiSeo/Ubunchu".dir = {};
+  services.nginx.virtualHosts."uninsane.org" = publog {
+    # a lot of places hardcode https://uninsane.org,
+    # and then when we mix http + non-https, we get CORS violations
+    # and things don't look right. so force SSL.
+    forceSSL = true;
+    enableACME = true;
+    # inherit kTLS;
+    # for OCSP stapling
+    sslTrustedCertificate = "${pkgs.cacert}/etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt";
+
+    locations."/" = {
+      root = "${pkgs.uninsane-dot-org}/share/uninsane-dot-org";
+      tryFiles = "$uri $uri/ @fallback";
+    };
+
+    # unversioned files
+    locations."@fallback" = {
+      root = "/var/www/sites/uninsane.org";
+    };
+
+    # uninsane.org/share/foo => /var/www/sites/uninsane.org/share/foo.
+    # special-cased to enable directory listings
+    locations."/share" = {
+      root = "/var/www/sites/uninsane.org";
+      extraConfig = ''
+        # autoindex => render directory listings
+        autoindex on;
+        # don't follow any symlinks when serving files
+        # otherwise it allows a directory escape
+        disable_symlinks on;
+      '';
+    };
+    locations."/share/Milkbags/" = {
+      alias = "/var/media/Videos/Milkbags/";
+      extraConfig = ''
+        # autoindex => render directory listings
+        autoindex on;
+        # don't follow any symlinks when serving files
+        # otherwise it allows a directory escape
+        disable_symlinks on;
+      '';
+    };
+    locations."/share/Ubunchu/" = {
+      alias = "/var/media/Books/Visual/HiroshiSeo/Ubunchu/";
+      extraConfig = ''
+        # autoindex => render directory listings
+        autoindex on;
+        # don't follow any symlinks when serving files
+        # otherwise it allows a directory escape
+        disable_symlinks on;
+      '';
+    };
+
+    # allow matrix users to discover that @user:uninsane.org is reachable via matrix.uninsane.org
+    locations."= /.well-known/matrix/server".extraConfig =
+      let
+        # use 443 instead of the default 8448 port to unite
+        # the client-server and server-server port for simplicity
+        server = { "m.server" = "matrix.uninsane.org:443"; };
+      in ''
+        add_header Content-Type application/json;
+        return 200 '${builtins.toJSON server}';
+      '';
+    locations."= /.well-known/matrix/client".extraConfig =
+      let
+        client = {
+          "m.homeserver" =  { "base_url" = "https://matrix.uninsane.org"; };
+          "m.identity_server" =  { "base_url" = "https://vector.im"; };
+        };
+      # ACAO required to allow element-web on any URL to request this json file
+      in ''
+        add_header Content-Type application/json;
+        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
+        return 200 '${builtins.toJSON client}';
+      '';
+
+    # static URLs might not be aware of .well-known (e.g. registration confirmation URLs),
+    # so hack around that.
+    locations."/_matrix" = {
+      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8008";
+    };
+    locations."/_synapse" = {
+      proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8008";
+    };
+
+    # allow ActivityPub clients to discover how to reach @user@uninsane.org
+    # see: https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/-/merge_requests/3361/
+    # not sure this makes sense while i run multiple AP services (pleroma, lemmy)
+    # locations."/.well-known/nodeinfo" = {
+    #   proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:4000";
+    #   extraConfig = pleromaExtraConfig;
+    # };
+
+    # redirect common feed URIs to the canonical feed
+    locations."= /atom".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /feed".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /feed.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /rss".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /rss.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /blog/atom".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /blog/atom.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /blog/feed".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /blog/feed.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /blog/rss".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+    locations."= /blog/rss.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
+  };
+
+
+  # serve any site not listed above, if it's static.
+  # because we define it dynamically, SSL isn't trivial. support only http
+  # documented <https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#server_name>
+  services.nginx.virtualHosts."~^(?<domain>.+)$" = {
+    default = true;
+    addSSL = true;
+    enableACME = false;
+    sslCertificate = "/var/www/certs/wildcard/cert.pem";
+    sslCertificateKey = "/var/www/certs/wildcard/key.pem";
+    # sslCertificate = "/var/lib/acme/.minica/cert.pem";
+    # sslCertificateKey = "/var/lib/acme/.minica/key.pem";
+    # serverName = null;
+    locations."/" = {
+      # somehow this doesn't escape -- i get error 400 if i:
+      # curl 'http://..' --resolve '..:80:127.0.0.1'
+      root = "/var/www/sites/$domain";
+      # tryFiles = "$domain/$uri $domain/$uri/ =404";
+    };
+  };
+
+  security.acme.acceptTerms = true;
+  security.acme.defaults.email = "admin.acme@uninsane.org";
+
+  sane.persist.sys.byStore.plaintext = [
+    { user = "acme"; group = "acme"; path = "/var/lib/acme"; method = "bind"; }
+  ];
+  sane.persist.sys.byStore.private = [
+    { user = "colin"; group = "users"; path = "/var/www/sites"; method = "bind"; }
+  ];
+  sane.persist.sys.byStore.ephemeral = [
+    # logs *could* be persisted to private storage, but then there's the issue of
+    # "what if servo boots, isn't unlocked, and the whole / tmpfs is consumed by logs"
+    { user = "nginx"; group = "nginx"; path = "/var/log/nginx"; method = "bind"; }
+  ];
+
+  # let's encrypt default chain looks like:
+  # - End-entity certificate ← R3 ← ISRG Root X1 ← DST Root CA X3
+  # - <https://community.letsencrypt.org/t/production-chain-changes/150739>
+  # DST Root CA X3 expired in 2021 (?)
+  # the alternative chain is:
+  # - End-entity certificate ← R3 ← ISRG Root X1 (self-signed)
+  # using this alternative chain grants more compatibility for services like ejabberd
+  # but might decrease compatibility with very old clients that don't get updates (e.g. old android, iphone <= 4).
+  # security.acme.defaults.extraLegoFlags = [
+  security.acme.certs."uninsane.org" = rec {
+    # ISRG Root X1 results in lets encrypt sending the same chain as default,
+    # just without the final ISRG Root X1 ← DST Root CA X3 link.
+    # i.e. we could alternative clip the last item and achieve the exact same thing.
+    extraLegoRunFlags = [
+      "--preferred-chain" "ISRG Root X1"
+    ];
+    extraLegoRenewFlags = extraLegoRunFlags;
+  };
+  # TODO: alternatively, we could clip the last cert IF it's expired,
+  # optionally outputting that to a new cert file.
+  # security.acme.defaults.postRun = "";
+
+  # create a self-signed SSL certificate for use with literally any domain.
+  # browsers will reject this, but proxies and local testing tools can be configured
+  # to accept it.
+  system.activationScripts.generate-x509-self-signed.text = ''
+    mkdir -p /var/www/certs/wildcard
+    test -f /var/www/certs/wildcard/key.pem || ${pkgs.openssl}/bin/openssl \
+      req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 \
+      -keyout /var/www/certs/wildcard/key.pem \
+      -out /var/www/certs/wildcard/cert.pem \
+      -sha256 -nodes -days 3650 \
+      -addext 'subjectAltName=DNS:*' \
+      -subj '/CN=self-signed'
+    chmod 640 /var/www/certs/wildcard/{key,cert}.pem
+    chown root:nginx /var/www/certs/wildcard /var/www/certs/wildcard/{key,cert}.pem
+  '';
+}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/nginx/default.nix

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-# docs: <https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Nginx>
-# docs: <https://nginx.org/en/docs/>
-{ lib, pkgs, ... }:
-{
-  imports = [
-    ./uninsane.org.nix
-    ./waka.laka.osaka
-  ];
-
-  sane.ports.ports."80" = {
-    protocol = [ "tcp" ];
-    visibleTo.lan = true;
-    visibleTo.ovpns = true;  # so that letsencrypt can procure a cert for the mx record
-    visibleTo.doof = true;
-    description = "colin-http-uninsane.org";
-  };
-  sane.ports.ports."443" = {
-    protocol = [ "tcp" ];
-    visibleTo.lan = true;
-    visibleTo.doof = true;
-    description = "colin-https-uninsane.org";
-  };
-
-  services.nginx.enable = true;
-
-  users.users.nginx.extraGroups = [ "anubis" ];
-  # nginxStable is one release behind nginxMainline.
-  # nginx itself recommends running mainline; nixos defaults to stable.
-  # services.nginx.package = pkgs.nginxMainline;
-  # XXX(2024-07-31): nixos defaults to zlib-ng -- supposedly more performant, but spams log with
-  # "gzip filter failed to use preallocated memory: ..."
-  # XXX(2025-07-24): "gzip filter" spam is gone => use default nginx package
-  # services.nginx.package = pkgs.nginxMainline.override { zlib = pkgs.zlib; };
-  services.nginx.appendConfig = ''
-    # use 1 process per core.
-    # may want to increase worker_connections too, but `ulimit -n` must be increased first.
-    worker_processes auto;
-  '';
-
-  # this is the standard `combined` log format, with the addition of $host
-  # so that we have the virtualHost in the log.
-  # KEEP IN SYNC WITH GOACCESS
-  # goaccess calls this VCOMBINED:
-  # - <https://gist.github.com/jyap808/10570005>
-  services.nginx.commonHttpConfig = ''
-    log_format vcombined '$host:$server_port $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referrer" "$http_user_agent"';
-    access_log /var/log/nginx/private.log vcombined;
-  '';
-  # enables gzip and sets gzip_comp_level = 5
-  services.nginx.recommendedGzipSettings = true;
-  # enables zstd and sets zstd_comp_level = 9
-  # services.nginx.recommendedZstdSettings = true;  #< XXX(2025-07-18): nginx zstd integration is unmaintained in NixOS
-  # enables OCSP stapling (so clients don't need contact the OCSP server -- i do instead)
-  # - doesn't seem to, actually: <https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=uninsane.org>
-  # caches TLS sessions for 10m
-  services.nginx.recommendedTlsSettings = true;
-  # enables sendfile, tcp_nopush, tcp_nodelay, keepalive_timeout 65
-  services.nginx.recommendedOptimisation = true;
-
-
-  # serve any site not otherwise declared, if it's static.
-  # because we define it dynamically, SSL isn't trivial. support only http
-  # documented <https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#server_name>
-  services.nginx.virtualHosts."~^(?<domain>.+)$" = {
-    default = true;
-    addSSL = true;
-    enableACME = false;
-    sslCertificate = "/var/www/certs/wildcard/cert.pem";
-    sslCertificateKey = "/var/www/certs/wildcard/key.pem";
-    # sslCertificate = "/var/lib/acme/.minica/cert.pem";
-    # sslCertificateKey = "/var/lib/acme/.minica/key.pem";
-    # serverName = null;
-    locations."/" = {
-      # somehow this doesn't escape -- i get error 400 if i:
-      # curl 'http://..' --resolve '..:80:127.0.0.1'
-      root = "/var/www/sites/$domain";
-      # tryFiles = "$domain/$uri $domain/$uri/ =404";
-    };
-  };
-
-  security.acme.acceptTerms = true;
-  security.acme.defaults.email = "admin.acme@uninsane.org";
-
-  sane.persist.sys.byStore.plaintext = [
-    { user = "acme"; group = "acme"; path = "/var/lib/acme"; method = "bind"; }
-  ];
-  sane.persist.sys.byStore.private = [
-    { user = "colin"; group = "users"; path = "/var/www/sites"; method = "bind"; }
-  ];
-  sane.persist.sys.byStore.ephemeral = [
-    # logs *could* be persisted to private storage, but then there's the issue of
-    # "what if servo boots, isn't unlocked, and the whole / tmpfs is consumed by logs"
-    { user = "nginx"; group = "nginx"; path = "/var/log/nginx"; method = "bind"; }
-  ];
-
-  # create a self-signed SSL certificate for use with literally any domain.
-  # browsers will reject this, but proxies and local testing tools can be configured
-  # to accept it.
-  system.activationScripts.generate-x509-self-signed.text = ''
-    mkdir -p /var/www/certs/wildcard
-    test -f /var/www/certs/wildcard/key.pem || ${lib.getExe pkgs.openssl} \
-      req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 \
-      -keyout /var/www/certs/wildcard/key.pem \
-      -out /var/www/certs/wildcard/cert.pem \
-      -sha256 -nodes -days 3650 \
-      -addext 'subjectAltName=DNS:*' \
-      -subj '/CN=self-signed'
-    chmod 640 /var/www/certs/wildcard/{key,cert}.pem
-    chown root:nginx /var/www/certs/wildcard /var/www/certs/wildcard/{key,cert}.pem
-  '';
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/nginx/uninsane.org.nix

@@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
-{ pkgs, ... }:
-{
-  # alternative way to link stuff into the share:
-  # sane.fs."/var/www/sites/uninsane.org/share/Ubunchu".mount.bind = "/var/media/Books/Visual/HiroshiSeo/Ubunchu";
-  # sane.fs."/var/media/Books/Visual/HiroshiSeo/Ubunchu".dir = {};
-  services.nginx.virtualHosts."uninsane.org" = {
-    # a lot of places hardcode https://uninsane.org,
-    # and then when we mix http + non-https, we get CORS violations
-    # and things don't look right. so force SSL.
-    forceSSL = true;
-    enableACME = true;
-
-    # extraConfig = ''
-    #   # "public" log so requests show up in goaccess metrics
-    #   access_log /var/log/nginx/public.log vcombined;
-    # '';
-
-    locations."/" = {
-      root = "${pkgs.uninsane-dot-org}/share/uninsane-dot-org";
-      tryFiles = "$uri $uri/ @fallback";
-    };
-
-    # unversioned files
-    locations."@fallback" = {
-      root = "/var/www/sites/uninsane.org";
-      extraConfig = ''
-        # instruct Google to not index these pages.
-        # see: <https://developers.google.com/search/docs/crawling-indexing/robots-meta-tag#xrobotstag>
-        add_header X-Robots-Tag 'none, noindex, nofollow';
-
-        # best-effort attempt to block archive.org from archiving these pages.
-        # reply with 403: Forbidden
-        # User Agent is *probably* "archive.org_bot"; maybe used to be "ia_archiver"
-        # source: <https://archive.org/details/archive.org_bot>
-        # additional UAs: <https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/nginx-ultimate-bad-bot-blocker>
-        #
-        # validate with: `curl -H 'User-Agent: "bot;archive.org_bot;like: something else"' -v https://uninsane.org/dne`
-        if ($http_user_agent ~* "(?:\b)archive.org_bot(?:\b)") {
-          return 403;
-        }
-        if ($http_user_agent ~* "(?:\b)archive.org(?:\b)") {
-          return 403;
-        }
-        if ($http_user_agent ~* "(?:\b)ia_archiver(?:\b)") {
-          return 403;
-        }
-      '';
-    };
-
-    # uninsane.org/share/foo => /var/www/sites/uninsane.org/share/foo.
-    # special-cased to enable directory listings
-    locations."/share" = {
-      root = "/var/www/sites/uninsane.org";
-      extraConfig = ''
-        # autoindex => render directory listings
-        autoindex on;
-        # don't follow any symlinks when serving files
-        # otherwise it allows a directory escape
-        disable_symlinks on;
-      '';
-    };
-    locations."/share/Milkbags/" = {
-      alias = "/var/media/Videos/Milkbags/";
-      extraConfig = ''
-        # autoindex => render directory listings
-        autoindex on;
-        # don't follow any symlinks when serving files
-        # otherwise it allows a directory escape
-        disable_symlinks on;
-      '';
-    };
-    locations."/share/Ubunchu/" = {
-      alias = "/var/media/Books/Visual/HiroshiSeo/Ubunchu/";
-      extraConfig = ''
-        # autoindex => render directory listings
-        autoindex on;
-        # don't follow any symlinks when serving files
-        # otherwise it allows a directory escape
-        disable_symlinks on;
-      '';
-    };
-
-    # allow matrix users to discover that @user:uninsane.org is reachable via matrix.uninsane.org
-    locations."= /.well-known/matrix/server".extraConfig =
-      let
-        # use 443 instead of the default 8448 port to unite
-        # the client-server and server-server port for simplicity
-        server = { "m.server" = "matrix.uninsane.org:443"; };
-      in ''
-        add_header Content-Type application/json;
-        return 200 '${builtins.toJSON server}';
-      '';
-    locations."= /.well-known/matrix/client".extraConfig =
-      let
-        client = {
-          "m.homeserver" =  { "base_url" = "https://matrix.uninsane.org"; };
-          "m.identity_server" =  { "base_url" = "https://vector.im"; };
-        };
-      # ACAO required to allow element-web on any URL to request this json file
-      in ''
-        add_header Content-Type application/json;
-        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
-        return 200 '${builtins.toJSON client}';
-      '';
-
-    # static URLs might not be aware of .well-known (e.g. registration confirmation URLs),
-    # so hack around that.
-    locations."/_matrix".extraConfig = "return 301 https://matrix.uninsane.org$request_uri;";
-    locations."/_synapse".extraConfig = "return 301 https://matrix.uninsane.org$request_uri;";
-
-    # allow ActivityPub clients to discover how to reach @user@uninsane.org
-    # see: https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/-/merge_requests/3361/
-    # not sure this makes sense while i run multiple AP services (pleroma, lemmy)
-    # locations."/.well-known/nodeinfo" = {
-    #   proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:4000";
-    #   extraConfig = pleromaExtraConfig;
-    # };
-
-    # redirect common feed URIs to the canonical feed
-    locations."= /atom".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /feed".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /feed.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /rss".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /rss.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /blog/atom".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /blog/atom.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /blog/feed".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /blog/feed.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /blog/rss".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-    locations."= /blog/rss.xml".extraConfig = "return 301 /atom.xml;";
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/nginx/waka.laka.osaka/default.nix

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-{ config, pkgs, ... }:
-let
-  wakaLakaOsaka = pkgs.linkFarm "waka-laka-osaka" {
-    "index.html" = ./index.html;
-    "waka.laka.for.osaka.mp4" = pkgs.fetchurl {
-      # saved from: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehB_7bBKprY>
-      url = "https://uninsane.org/share/Milkbags/PG_Plays_Video_Games-Waka_Laka_For_Osaka_4K.mp4";
-      hash = "sha256-UW0qR4btX4pZ1bJp4Oxk20m3mvQGj9HweLKO27JBTFs=";
-    };
-  };
-in
-{
-  services.nginx.virtualHosts."laka.osaka" = {
-    addSSL = true;
-    enableACME = true;
-    locations."/" = {
-      # redirect everything to waka.laka.osaka
-      return = "301 https://waka.laka.osaka$request_uri";
-    };
-  };
-  services.nginx.virtualHosts."waka.laka.osaka" = {
-    addSSL = true;
-    enableACME = true;
-    locations."/" = {
-      root = wakaLakaOsaka;
-    };
-  };
-
-  sane.dns.zones."laka.osaka".inet = {
-    SOA."@" = config.sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.SOA."@";
-    A."@" = config.sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.A."@";
-    NS."@" = config.sane.dns.zones."uninsane.org".inet.NS."@";
-    CNAME."waka" = "native.uninsane.org.";
-  };
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/nginx/waka.laka.osaka/index.html

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html>
-<head>
-  <meta charset="utf-8">
-  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width initial-scale=1" />
-  <meta name="description" content="Waka Laka (for Osaka)" />
-  <title>Waka Laka (for Osaka)</title>
-  <style>
-    html,body {
-      width: 100%;
-      height: 100%;
-      max-width: 100%;
-      max-height: 100%;
-    }
-    * {
-      margin: 0px;
-      padding: 0px;
-      border: 0px;
-    }
-    .bg-image {
-      width: 100%;
-      height: 100%;
-      min-width: 100%;
-      min-height: 100%;
-      position: fixed;
-      background-repeat: no-repeat;
-      background-position: 50% 50%;
-      background-size: contain;
-    }
-    body {
-      background-color: #000000;
-    }
-  </style>
-</head>
-<body>
-  <!-- TODO: how to autoplay video _without_ it being muted? -->
-  <video class="bg-image" id="waka-video" width="1440" height="1080"
-         autoplay loop muted
-         onclick="document.getElementById('waka-video').muted = !document.getElementById('waka-video').muted;"
-  >
-    <!-- from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehB_7bBKprY -->
-    <!-- original and more info at https://www.aquilinestudios.org/wakalaka.html -->
-    <source src="waka.laka.for.osaka.mp4" type="video/mp4">
-  </video>
-</body>
-</html>

hosts/by-name/servo/services/nixos-prebuild.nix

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ lib.optionalAttrs false  # disabled until i can be sure it's not gonna OOM my se
     description = "build a nixos image with all updated deps";
     path = with pkgs; [ coreutils git nix ];
     script = ''
-      working=$(mktemp -d nixos-prebuild.XXXXXX --tmpdir)
+      working=$(mktemp -d /tmp/nixos-prebuild.XXXXXX)
       pushd "$working"
       git clone https://git.uninsane.org/colin/nix-files.git \
         && cd nix-files \

hosts/by-name/servo/services/ntfy/default.nix

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 # ntfy: UnifiedPush notification delivery system
 # - used to get push notifications out of Matrix and onto a Phone (iOS, Android, or a custom client)
-{ config, lib, ... }:
+{ config, ... }:
 {
   imports = [
     ./ntfy-waiter.nix
     ./ntfy-sh.nix
   ];
-  sops.secrets."ntfy-sh-topic" = lib.mkIf config.services.ntfy-sh.enable {
+  sops.secrets."ntfy-sh-topic" = {
     mode = "0440";
     owner = config.users.users.ntfy-sh.name;
     group = config.users.users.ntfy-sh.name;

hosts/by-name/servo/services/ntfy/ntfy-sh.nix

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ let
   # at the IP layer, to enable e.g. wake-on-lan.
   altPort = 2587;
 in
-lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used it in several months
 {
   sane.persist.sys.byStore.private = [
     # not 100% necessary to persist this, but ntfy does keep a 12hr (by default) cache
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ lib.mkIf false  #< 2024/09/30: disabled because i haven't used it in several mon
     # note that this will fail upon first run, i.e. before ntfy has created its db.
     # just restart the service.
     topic=$(cat ${config.sops.secrets.ntfy-sh-topic.path})
-    ${lib.getExe' pkgs.ntfy-sh "ntfy"} access everyone "$topic" read-write
+    ${pkgs.ntfy-sh}/bin/ntfy access everyone "$topic" read-write
   '';
 
 

hosts/by-name/servo/services/ntfy/ntfy-waiter.nix

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ let
     silence = port - portLow;
     flags = lib.optional cfg.verbose "--verbose";
     cli = [
-      (lib.getExe cfg.package)
+      "${cfg.package}/bin/ntfy-waiter"
       "--port"
       "${builtins.toString port}"
       "--silence"
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ let
         ExecStart = lib.concatStringsSep " " cli;
       };
       after = [ "network.target" ];
-      wantedBy = [ "ntfy-sh.service" ];
+      wantedBy = [ "default.target" ];
     };
   };
 in
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ in
   options = with lib; {
     sane.ntfy-waiter.enable = mkOption {
       type = types.bool;
-      default = config.services.ntfy-sh.enable;
+      default = true;
     };
     sane.ntfy-waiter.verbose = mkOption {
       type = types.bool;

hosts/by-name/servo/services/ollama.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# ollama: <https://github.com/ollama/ollama>
+# use: `ollama run llama3.1`
+# or: `ollama run llama3.1:70b`
+# or use a remote session: <https://github.com/ggozad/oterm>
+{ lib, ... }:
+lib.mkIf false  #< WIP
+{
+  sane.persist.sys.byStore.plaintext = [
+    { user = "ollama"; group = "ollama"; path = "/var/lib/ollama"; method = "bind"; }
+  ];
+  services.ollama.enable = true;
+  services.ollama.user = "ollama";
+  services.ollama.group = "ollama";
+
+  users.groups.ollama = {};
+
+  users.users.ollama = {
+    group = "ollama";
+    isSystemUser = true;
+  };
+
+  systemd.services.ollama.serviceConfig.DynamicUser = lib.mkForce false;
+}

hosts/by-name/servo/services/pleroma.nix

@@ -10,11 +10,10 @@
 { config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
 
 let
-  logLevel = "warning";
+  logLevel = "warn";
   # logLevel = "debug";
 in
 {
-  config = lib.mkIf (config.sane.maxBuildCost >= 2) {
   sane.persist.sys.byStore.private = [
     # contains media i've uploaded to the server
     { user = "pleroma"; group = "pleroma"; path = "/var/lib/pleroma"; method = "bind"; }
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ in
     config :pleroma, Pleroma.Emails.Mailer,
       enabled: true,
       adapter: Swoosh.Adapters.Sendmail,
-        cmd_path: "${lib.getExe' pkgs.postfix "sendmail"}"
+      cmd_path: "${pkgs.postfix}/bin/sendmail"
 
     config :pleroma, Pleroma.User,
       restricted_nicknames: [ "admin", "uninsane", "root" ]
@@ -89,12 +88,6 @@ in
     # strip metadata from uploaded images
     config :pleroma, Pleroma.Upload, filters: [Pleroma.Upload.Filter.Exiftool.StripLocation]
 
-      # fix log spam: <https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/-/issues/1659>
-      # specifically, remove LAN addresses from `reserved`
-      config :pleroma, Pleroma.Web.Plugs.RemoteIp,
-        enabled: true,
-        reserved: ["127.0.0.0/8", "::1/128", "fc00::/7", "172.16.0.0/12"]
-
     # TODO: GET /api/pleroma/captcha is broken
     # there was a nixpkgs PR to fix this around 2022/10 though.
     config :pleroma, Pleroma.Captcha,
@@ -143,10 +136,9 @@ in
     # something inside pleroma invokes `sh` w/o specifying it by path, so this is needed to allow pleroma to start
     pkgs.bash
     # used by Pleroma to strip geo tags from uploads
-      pkgs.exiftool
-      # config.sane.programs.exiftool.package  #< XXX(2024-10-20): breaks image uploading
+    config.sane.programs.exiftool.package
     # i saw some errors when pleroma was shutting down about it not being able to find `awk`. probably not critical
-      # config.sane.programs.gawk.package
+    config.sane.programs.gawk.package
     # needed for email operations like password reset
     pkgs.postfix
   ];
@@ -161,7 +153,7 @@ in
     # possible that i've set something too strict and won't notice right away
     # make sure to test:
     # - image/media uploading
-      serviceConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = lib.mkForce [ "" "" ];  # nixos default is `~CAP_SYS_ADMIN`
+    serviceConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = "~CAP_SYS_ADMIN";  #< TODO: reduce this. try: CAP_SYS_NICE CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH CAP_SYS_CHROOT CAP_SETGID CAP_SETUID
     serviceConfig.LockPersonality = true;
     serviceConfig.NoNewPrivileges = true;
     serviceConfig.MemoryDenyWriteExecute = true;
@@ -207,7 +199,34 @@ in
       recommendedProxySettings = true;
       # documented: https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/-/blob/develop/installation/pleroma.nginx
       extraConfig = ''
-          # client_max_body_size defines the maximum upload size
+        # XXX colin: this block is in the nixos examples: i don't understand all of it
+        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*' always;
+        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'POST, PUT, DELETE, GET, PATCH, OPTIONS' always;
+        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Authorization, Content-Type, Idempotency-Key' always;
+        add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Link, X-RateLimit-Reset, X-RateLimit-Limit, X-RateLimit-Remaining, X-Request-Id' always;
+        if ($request_method = OPTIONS) {
+            return 204;
+        }
+
+        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
+        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
+        add_header X-Frame-Options DENY;
+        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
+        add_header Referrer-Policy same-origin;
+        add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
+
+        # proxy_http_version 1.1;
+        # proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
+        # proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
+        # # proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
+        # proxy_set_header Host $host;
+        # proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+
+        # colin: added this due to Pleroma complaining in its logs
+        # proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+        # proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+
+        # NB: this defines the maximum upload size
         client_max_body_size 16m;
       '';
     };
@@ -218,5 +237,4 @@ in
   sops.secrets."pleroma_secrets" = {
     owner = config.users.users.pleroma.name;
   };
-  };
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/postgres.nix

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-{ lib, pkgs, ... }:
+{ pkgs, ... }:
 
 let
   GiB = n: MiB 1024*n;
@@ -29,10 +29,9 @@ in
   # - as `sudo su postgres`:
   #   - `cd /var/lib/postgreql`
   #   - `psql -f state.sql`
-  #     (for a compressed dump: `gunzip --stdout state.sql.gz | psql`)
   # - restart dependent services (maybe test one at a time)
 
-  services.postgresql.package = pkgs.postgresql_16;
+  services.postgresql.package = pkgs.postgresql_15;
 
 
   # XXX colin: for a proper deploy, we'd want to include something for Pleroma here too.
@@ -45,46 +44,34 @@ in
   #     LC_CTYPE = "C";
   # '';
 
-  services.postgresql.settings = {
   # perf tuning
   # - for recommended values see: <https://pgtune.leopard.in.ua/>
   # - for official docs (sparse), see: <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/11/config-setting.html#CONFIG-SETTING-CONFIGURATION-FILE>
-    # DB Version: 16
+  services.postgresql.settings = {
+    # DB Version: 15
     # OS Type: linux
     # DB Type: web
-    # vvv artificially constrained because the server's resources are shared across maaany services
-    # Total Memory (RAM): 12 GB
+    # Total Memory (RAM): 32 GB
     # CPUs num: 12
     # Data Storage: ssd
     max_connections = 200;
-    shared_buffers = "3GB";
-    effective_cache_size = "9GB";
-    maintenance_work_mem = "768MB";
+    shared_buffers = "8GB";
+    effective_cache_size = "24GB";
+    maintenance_work_mem = "2GB";
     checkpoint_completion_target = 0.9;
     wal_buffers = "16MB";
     default_statistics_target = 100;
     random_page_cost = 1.1;
     effective_io_concurrency = 200;
-    work_mem = "3932kB";
+    work_mem = "10485kB";
     min_wal_size = "1GB";
     max_wal_size = "4GB";
     max_worker_processes = 12;
     max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 4;
     max_parallel_workers = 12;
     max_parallel_maintenance_workers = 4;
-
-    # DEBUG OPTIONS:
-    log_min_messages = "DEBUG1";
   };
 
-  # regulate the restarts, so that systemd never disables it
-  systemd.services.postgresql.serviceConfig.Restart = lib.mkForce "on-failure";
-  systemd.services.postgresql.serviceConfig.RestartSec = 2;
-  systemd.services.postgresql.serviceConfig.RestartMaxDelaySec = 10;
-  systemd.services.postgresql.serviceConfig.RestartSteps = 4;
-  systemd.services.postgresql.serviceConfig.StartLimitBurst = 120;
-  # systemd.services.postgresql.serviceConfig.TimeoutStartSec = "14400s";  #< 14400 = 4 hours; recoveries are long
-
   # daily backups to /var/backup
   services.postgresqlBackup.enable = true;
 

hosts/by-name/servo/services/postgresql/recollate.sh

@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# source: <https://gist.githubusercontent.com/troykelly/616df024050dd50744dde4a9579e152e/raw/fe84e53cedf0caa6903604894454629a15867439/reindex_and_refresh_collation.sh>
-#
-# run this whenever postgres complains like:
-# > WARNING:  database "gitea" has a collation version mismatch
-# > DETAIL:  The database was created using collation version 2.39, but the operating system provides version 2.40.
-# > HINT:  Rebuild all objects in this database that use the default collation and run ALTER DATABASE gitea REFRESH COLLATION VERSION, or build PostgreSQL with the right library version.
-#
-# this script checks which databases are in need of a collation update,
-# and re-collates them as appropriate.
-# invoking this script should have low perf impact in the non-upgrade case,
-# so safe to do this as a cron job.
-#
-# invoke as postgres user
-
-log_info() {
-  >&2 echo "$@"
-}
-
-list_databases() {
-  log_info "Retrieving list of databases from the PostgreSQL server..."
-  psql --dbname="postgres" -Atc \
-    "SELECT datname FROM pg_database WHERE datistemplate = false"
-}
-
-refresh_collation_version() {
-  local db=$1
-  log_info "Refreshing collation version for database: $db..."
-  psql --dbname="$db" -c \
-    "ALTER DATABASE \"$db\" REFRESH COLLATION VERSION;"
-}
-
-check_collation_mismatches() {
-  local error=
-  log_info "Checking for collation mismatches in all databases..."
-  # Loop through each database and check for mismatching collations in table columns.
-  while IFS= read -r db; do
-    if [ -n "$db" ]; then
-      log_info "Checking database: $db for collation mismatches..."
-      local mismatches=$(psql --dbname="$db" -Atc \
-        "SELECT 'Mismatch in table ' || table_name || ' column ' || column_name || ' with collation ' || collation_name
-         FROM information_schema.columns
-         WHERE collation_name IS NOT NULL AND collation_name <> 'default' AND table_schema = 'public'
-         EXCEPT
-         SELECT 'No mismatch - default collation of ' || datcollate || ' used.'
-         FROM pg_database WHERE datname = '$db';"
-      )
-      if [ -z "$mismatches" ]; then
-        log_info "No collation mismatches found in database: $db"
-      else
-        # Print an informational message to stderr.
-        log_info "Collation mismatches found in database: $db:"
-        log_info "$mismatches"
-        error=1
-      fi
-    fi
-  done
-
-  if [ -n "$error" ]; then
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
-
-log_info "Starting the reindexing and collation refresh process for all databases..."
-
-databases=$(list_databases)
-
-if [ -z "$databases" ]; then
-  log_info "No databases found for reindexing or collation refresh. Please check connection details to PostgreSQL server."
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-for db in $databases; do
-  refresh_collation_version "$db"
-done
-
-# Checking for collation mismatches after reindexing and collation refresh.
-# Pass the list of databases to the check_collation_mismatches function through stdin.
-echo "$databases" | check_collation_mismatches
-
-log_info "Reindexing and collation refresh process completed."

hosts/by-name/servo/services/prosody/default.nix

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 # - disable or fix bosh (jabber over http):
 #   - "certmanager: No certificate/key found for client_https port 0"
 
-{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+{ lib, pkgs, ... }:
 
 let
   # enables very verbose logging
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ in
   users.users.prosody.extraGroups = [
     "nginx"  # provide access to certs
     "ntfy-sh"  # access to secret ntfy topic
-    "turnserver"  # to access the coturn shared secret
   ];
 
   security.acme.certs."uninsane.org".extraDomainNames = [
@@ -150,8 +149,14 @@ in
   # pointing it to /var/lib/acme doesn't quite work because it expects the private key
   # to be named `privkey.pem` instead of acme's `key.pem`
   # <https://prosody.im/doc/certificates#automatic_location>
-  environment.etc."prosody/certs/uninsane.org/fullchain.pem".source = "/var/lib/acme/uninsane.org/fullchain.pem";
-  environment.etc."prosody/certs/uninsane.org/privkey.pem".source = "/var/lib/acme/uninsane.org/key.pem";
+  sane.fs."/etc/prosody/certs/uninsane.org/fullchain.pem" = {
+    symlink.target = "/var/lib/acme/uninsane.org/fullchain.pem";
+    wantedBeforeBy = [ "prosody.service" ];
+  };
+  sane.fs."/etc/prosody/certs/uninsane.org/privkey.pem" = {
+    symlink.target = "/var/lib/acme/uninsane.org/key.pem";
+    wantedBeforeBy = [ "prosody.service" ];
+  };
 
   services.prosody = {
     enable = true;
@@ -173,7 +178,7 @@ in
         domain = "conference.xmpp.uninsane.org";
       }
     ];
-    httpFileShare.domain = "upload.xmpp.uninsane.org";
+    uploadHttp.domain = "upload.xmpp.uninsane.org";
 
     virtualHosts = {
       # "Prosody requires at least one enabled VirtualHost to function. You can
@@ -237,7 +242,6 @@ in
       # legacy coturn integration
       # see: <https://modules.prosody.im/mod_turncredentials.html>
       # "turncredentials"
-    ] ++ lib.optionals config.services.ntfy-sh.enable [
       "sane_ntfy"
     ] ++ lib.optionals enableDebug [
       "stanza_debug"  #< logs EVERY stanza as debug: <https://prosody.im/doc/modules/mod_stanza_debug>
@@ -269,35 +273,18 @@ in
       s2s_direct_tls_ports = { 5270 }
 
       turn_external_host = "turn.uninsane.org"
-      turn_external_secret = readAll("/run/secrets/coturn_shared_secret")
+      turn_external_secret = readAll("/var/lib/coturn/shared_secret.bin")
       -- turn_external_user = "prosody"
 
       -- legacy mod_turncredentials integration
       -- turncredentials_host = "turn.uninsane.org"
-      -- turncredentials_secret = readAll("/run/secrets/coturn_shared_secret")
+      -- turncredentials_secret = readAll("/var/lib/coturn/shared_secret.bin")
+
+      ntfy_binary = "${pkgs.ntfy-sh}/bin/ntfy"
+      ntfy_topic = readAll("/run/secrets/ntfy-sh-topic")
 
       -- s2s_require_encryption = true
       -- c2s_require_encryption = true
-    '' + lib.optionalString config.services.ntfy-sh.enable ''
-      ntfy_binary = "${lib.getExe' pkgs.ntfy-sh "ntfy"}"
-      ntfy_topic = readAll("/run/secrets/ntfy-sh-topic")
     '';
-    checkConfig = false;  # secrets aren't available at build time
-  };
-
-  systemd.services.prosody = {
-    # hardening (systemd-analyze security prosody)
-    serviceConfig.LockPersonality = true;
-    serviceConfig.NoNewPrivileges = true;
-    serviceConfig.PrivateUsers = true;
-    serviceConfig.ProcSubset = "pid";
-    serviceConfig.ProtectClock = true;
-    serviceConfig.ProtectKernelLogs = true;
-    serviceConfig.ProtectProc = "invisible";
-    serviceConfig.ProtectSystem = "strict";
-    serviceConfig.RemoveIPC = true;
-    serviceConfig.RestrictAddressFamilies = "AF_UNIX AF_INET AF_INET6";
-    serviceConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
-    serviceConfig.SystemCallFilter = [ "@system-service" "~@privileged" "~@resources" ];
   };
 }

hosts/by-name/servo/services/slskd.nix

@@ -34,9 +34,8 @@
     forceSSL = true;
     enableACME = true;
     locations."/" = {
-      proxyPass = "http://${config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.netns.ipv4}:5030";
+      proxyPass = "http://${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsVethIpv4}:5030";
       proxyWebsockets = true;
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
     };
   };
 
@@ -74,10 +73,7 @@
   systemd.services.slskd = {
     # run this behind the OVPN static VPN
     serviceConfig.NetworkNamespacePath = "/run/netns/ovpns";
-    serviceConfig.ExecStartPre = [
-      # abort if public IP is not as expected
-      "${lib.getExe pkgs.sane-scripts.ip-check} --no-upnp --expect ${config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4}"
-    ];
+    serviceConfig.ExecStartPre = [ "${lib.getExe pkgs.sane-scripts.ip-check} --no-upnp --expect ${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4}" ];  # abort if public IP is not as expected
 
     serviceConfig.Restart = lib.mkForce "always";  # exits "success" when it fails to connect to soulseek server
     serviceConfig.RestartSec = "60s";

hosts/by-name/servo/services/transmission/default.nix

@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ in
     # DOCUMENTATION/options list: <https://github.com/transmission/transmission/blob/main/docs/Editing-Configuration-Files.md#options>
 
     # message-level = 3;  #< enable for debug logging. 0-3, default is 2.
-    # ovpns.veth.netns.ipv4 => allow rpc only from the root servo ns. it'll tunnel things to the net, if need be.
-    rpc-bind-address = config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.netns.ipv4;
+    # ovpns.netnsVethIpv4 => allow rpc only from the root servo ns. it'll tunnel things to the net, if need be.
+    rpc-bind-address = config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsVethIpv4;
     #rpc-host-whitelist = "bt.uninsane.org";
     #rpc-whitelist = "*.*.*.*";
     rpc-authentication-required = true;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ in
     rpc-whitelist-enabled = false;
 
     # force behind ovpns in case the NetworkNamespace fails somehow
-    bind-address-ipv4 = config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4;
+    bind-address-ipv4 = config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4;
     port-forwarding-enabled = false;
 
     # hopefully, make the downloads world-readable
@@ -104,17 +104,16 @@ in
     # - TR_TORRENT_NAME - Name of torrent (not filename)
     # - TR_TORRENT_TRACKERS - A comma-delimited list of the torrent's trackers' announce URLs
     script-torrent-done-enabled = true;
-    script-torrent-done-filename = lib.getExe torrent-done;
+    script-torrent-done-filename = "${torrent-done}/bin/torrent-done";
   };
 
-  # run this behind the OVPN static VPN
-  sane.netns.ovpns.services = [ "transmission" ];
   systemd.services.transmission = {
+    after = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
+    partOf = [ "wireguard-wg-ovpns.service" ];
     environment.TR_DEBUG = "1";
-    serviceConfig.ExecStartPre = [
-      # abort if public IP is not as expected
-      "${lib.getExe pkgs.sane-scripts.ip-check} --no-upnp --expect ${config.sane.netns.ovpns.wg.address.ipv4}"
-    ];
+    # run this behind the OVPN static VPN
+    serviceConfig.NetworkNamespacePath = "/run/netns/ovpns";
+    serviceConfig.ExecStartPre = [ "${lib.getExe pkgs.sane-scripts.ip-check} --no-upnp --expect ${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsPubIpv4}" ];  # abort if public IP is not as expected
 
     serviceConfig.Restart = "on-failure";
     serviceConfig.RestartSec = "30s";
@@ -139,7 +138,7 @@ in
   systemd.services.backup-torrents = {
     description = "archive torrents to storage not owned by transmission";
     script = ''
-      ${lib.getExe pkgs.rsync} -arv /var/lib/transmission/.config/transmission-daemon/torrents/ /var/backup/torrents/
+      ${pkgs.rsync}/bin/rsync -arv /var/lib/transmission/.config/transmission-daemon/torrents/ /var/backup/torrents/
     '';
   };
   systemd.timers.backup-torrents = {
@@ -158,8 +157,7 @@ in
     # inherit kTLS;
     locations."/" = {
       # proxyPass = "http://ovpns.uninsane.org:9091";
-      proxyPass = "http://${config.sane.netns.ovpns.veth.netns.ipv4}:9091";
-      recommendedProxySettings = true;
+      proxyPass = "http://${config.sane.netns.ovpns.netnsVethIpv4}:9091";
     };
   };
 

hosts/by-name/servo/services/transmission/torrent-done

@@ -3,20 +3,8 @@
 
 # transmission invokes this with no args, and the following env vars:
 # - TR_TORRENT_DIR: full path to the folder i told transmission to download it to.
-#     e.g. "/var/media/torrents/Videos/Film/Jason.Bourne-2016"
-# - TR_APP_VERSION
-# - TR_TIME_LOCALTIME
-# - TR_TORRENT_BYTES_DOWNLOADED
-# - TR_TORRENT_HASH
-# - TR_TORRENT_ID: local number to uniquely identify this torrent, used by e.g. transmission-remote.
-#     e.g. "67"
-# - TR_TORRENT_LABELS
-# - TR_TORRENT_NAME: file/folder name of the toplevel torrent item
-#     e.g. "Jason Bourne (2016) [2160p] [4K] [BluRay] [5.1] [YTS.MX]"
-# - TR_TORRENT_PRIORITY
-# - TR_TORRENT_TRACKERS
-
-# optionally, set these variables for debugging (these are specific to my script and not used upstream):
+#     e.g. /var/media/torrents/Videos/Film/Jason.Bourne-2016
+# optionally:
 # - TR_DRY_RUN=1
 # - TR_DEBUG=1
 
@@ -36,7 +24,7 @@ debug() {
   fi
 }
 
-echo "TR_TORRENT_DIR=$TR_TORRENT_DIR TR_TORRENT_NAME=$TR_TORRENT_NAME torrent-done $*"
+echo "TR_TORRENT_DIR=$TR_TORRENT_DIR torrent-done $*"
 
 if [[ "$TR_TORRENT_DIR" =~ ^.*freeleech.*$ ]]; then
   # freeleech torrents have no place in my permanent library
@@ -45,35 +33,20 @@ if [[ "$TR_TORRENT_DIR" =~ ^.*freeleech.*$ ]]; then
 fi
 if ! [[ "$TR_TORRENT_DIR" =~ ^$DOWNLOAD_DIR/.*$ ]]; then
   echo "unexpected torrent dir, aborting: $TR_TORRENT_DIR"
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-TORRENT_PATH="$TR_TORRENT_DIR/$TR_TORRENT_NAME"
-if [[ ! -e "$TORRENT_PATH" ]]; then
-  echo "torrent unexpectedly doesn't exist at $TORRENT_PATH. will try fallback"
-  TORRENT_PATH="$TR_TORRENT_DIR"
-fi
-
-if [[ -d "$TORRENT_PATH" ]]; then
-  # trailing slash so that rsync copies the directory contents, without creating an extra toplevel dir.
-  TORRENT_PATH="$TORRENT_PATH/"
-elif [[ ! -e "$TORRENT_PATH" ]]; then
-  echo "torrent unexpectedly doesn't exist at TR_TORRENT_DIR=$TORRENT_PATH: bailing"
-  exit 1
+  exit 0
 fi
 
 REL_DIR="${TR_TORRENT_DIR#$DOWNLOAD_DIR/}"
 MEDIA_DIR="/var/media/$REL_DIR"
 
 destructive mkdir -p "$(dirname "$MEDIA_DIR")"
-destructive rsync -rlv "$TORRENT_PATH" "$MEDIA_DIR/"
+destructive rsync -rlv "$TR_TORRENT_DIR/" "$MEDIA_DIR/"
 # make the media rwx by anyone in the group
 destructive find "$MEDIA_DIR" -type d -exec setfacl --recursive --modify d:g::rwx,o::rx {} \;
 destructive find "$MEDIA_DIR" -type d -exec chmod g+rw,a+rx {} \;
 destructive find "$MEDIA_DIR" -type f -exec chmod g+rw,a+r {} \;
 
-# if there's a single directory inside the media dir, then inline that.
-# TODO: this is probably obsolete now that i process TR_TORRENT_NAME
+# if there's a single directory inside the media dir, then inline that
 subdirs=("$MEDIA_DIR"/*)
 debug "top-level items in torrent dir:" "${subdirs[@]}"
 if [ ${#subdirs[@]} -eq 1 ]; then
@@ -88,24 +61,10 @@ fi
 # -iname means "insensitive", but the syntax is NOT regex -- more similar to shell matching
 destructive find "$MEDIA_DIR/" -type f \(\
      -iname '*downloaded?from*' \
-  -o -iname '(xxxpav69).txt' \
+  -o -iname 'source.txt' \
   -o -iname '*upcoming?releases*' \
-  -o -iname 'ETRG.mp4' \
-  -o -iname 'Encoded by*.txt' \
-  -o -iname 'PSArips.com.txt' \
-  -o -iname 'RARBG.com*' \
-  -o -iname 'RARBG.txt' \
-  -o -iname 'RARBG_DO_NOT_MIRROR.exe' \
-  -o -iname 'Tellytorrent.net.txt' \
-  -o -iname 'WWW.VPPV.LA.txt' \
+  -o -iname 'www.YTS*.jpg' \
   -o -iname 'WWW.YIFY*.COM.jpg' \
   -o -iname 'YIFY*.com.txt' \
   -o -iname 'YTS*.com.txt' \
-  -o -iname 'YTSYify*.txt' \
-  -o -iname 'www.YTS*.jpg' \
   \) -exec rm {} \;
-
-# might want to keep, might want to remove:
-# -o -iname 'info.txt'
-# -o -iname 'source.txt'
-# -o -iname 'sample.mkv'

hosts/by-name/servo/users/default.nix

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-{ ... }:
-{
-  imports = [
-    ./shelvacu.nix
-  ];
-}

hosts/by-name/servo/users/shelvacu.nix

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-{ lib, pkgs, ... }:
-{
-  users.users.shelvacu = {
-    isNormalUser = true;
-    home = "/home/shelvacu";
-    subUidRanges = [
-      { startUid=300000; count=1; }
-    ];
-    group = "users";
-    initialPassword = lib.mkDefault "";
-    shell = pkgs.bash;
-
-    openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIKoy1TrmfhBGWtVedgOM1FB1oD2UdodN3LkBnnLx6Tug compute-deck"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIAxAFFxQMXAgi+0cmGaNE/eAkVfEl91wafUqFIuAkI5I compute-deck-root"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAINQ2c0GzlVMjV06CS7bWbCaAbzG2+7g5FCg/vClJPe0C fw"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIGHLPOxRd68+DJ/bYmqn0wsgwwIcMSMyuU1Ya16hCb/m fw-root"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIOre0FnYDm3arsFj9c/l5H2Q8mdmv7kmvq683pL4heru legtop"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAINznGot+L8kYoVQqdLV/R17XCd1ILMoDCILOg+I3s5wC pixel9pro-nod"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIDcRDekd8ZOYfQS5X95/yNof3wFYIbHqWeq4jY0+ywQX pro1x-nod"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIJNFbzt0NHVTaptBI38YtwLG+AsmeNYy0Nr5yX2zZEPE root@vacuInstaller toptop-root"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAICVeSzDkGTueZijB0xUa08e06ovAEwwZK/D+Cc7bo91g triple-dezert"
-      "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIOtwtao/TXbiuQOYJbousRPVesVcb/2nP0PCFUec0Nv8 triple-dezert-root"
-    ];
-  };
-
-  security.sudo.extraRules = [
-    {
-      users = [ "shelvacu" ];
-      runAs = "postgres";
-      commands = [
-        {
-          command = "ALL";
-          options = [ "NOPASSWD" ];
-        }
-      ];
-    }
-  ];
-
-  security.polkit.extraConfig = ''
-    // allow:
-    // - systemctl restart|start|stop SERVICE
-    polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
-      if (subject.user == "shelvacu" && action.id == "org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units") {
-        switch (action.lookup("verb")) {
-          // case "cancel":
-          // case "reenable":
-          case "restart":
-          // case "reload":
-          // case "reload-or-restart":
-          case "start":
-          case "stop":
-          // case "try-reload-or-restart":
-          // case "try-restart":
-            return polkit.Result.YES;
-          default:
-        }
-      }
-    })
-  '';
-
-  sane.persist.sys.byStore.private = [
-    { path = "/home/shelvacu/persist"; user = "shelvacu"; group = "users"; mode = "0700"; }
-  ];
-}

hosts/common/boot.nix

@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
   boot.initrd.supportedFilesystems = [ "ext4" "btrfs" "ext2" "ext3" "vfat" ];
   # useful emergency utils
   boot.initrd.extraUtilsCommands = ''
-    copy_bin_and_libs ${lib.getExe' pkgs.btrfs-progs "btrfstune"}
-    copy_bin_and_libs ${lib.getExe' pkgs.e2fsprogs "resize2fs"}
-    copy_bin_and_libs ${lib.getExe' pkgs.gptfdisk "{cgdisk,gdisk}"}
-    copy_bin_and_libs ${lib.getExe' pkgs.mtools "mlabel"}
-    copy_bin_and_libs ${lib.getExe pkgs.nvme-cli}
-    copy_bin_and_libs ${lib.getExe' pkgs.smartmontools "smartctl"}
-    copy_bin_and_libs ${lib.getExe' pkgs.util-linux "{cfdisk,lsblk,lscpu}"}
+    copy_bin_and_libs ${pkgs.btrfs-progs}/bin/btrfstune
+    copy_bin_and_libs ${pkgs.util-linux}/bin/{cfdisk,lsblk,lscpu}
+    copy_bin_and_libs ${pkgs.gptfdisk}/bin/{cgdisk,gdisk}
+    copy_bin_and_libs ${pkgs.smartmontools}/bin/smartctl
+    copy_bin_and_libs ${pkgs.e2fsprogs}/bin/resize2fs
+  '' + lib.optionalString pkgs.stdenv.hostPlatform.isx86_64 ''
+    copy_bin_and_libs ${pkgs.nvme-cli}/bin/nvme  # doesn't cross compile
   '';
   boot.kernelParams = [
     "boot.shell_on_fail"
@@ -28,8 +28,11 @@
   # - as of 2024/08/xx, my boot fails on 6.6, but works on 6.9 and (probably; recently) 6.8.
   # simpler to keep near the latest kernel on all devices,
   # and also makes certain that any weird system-level bugs i see aren't likely to be stale kernel bugs.
-  boot.kernelPackages = lib.mkDefault pkgs.linuxPackages_latest;
-  # boot.kernelPackages = lib.mkDefault pkgs.linuxPackages_testing;
+  # servo needs zfs though, which doesn't support every kernel.
+  #
+  # further, `zfs.latestCompatibleLinuxPackage` ocassionally _downgrades_. e.g. when 6.8 EOL'd, it went back to 6.6.
+  # therefore, we have to use `zfs_unstable` (!!)
+  boot.kernelPackages = lib.mkDefault pkgs.zfs_unstable.latestCompatibleLinuxPackages;
 
   # hack in the `boot.shell_on_fail` arg since that doesn't always seem to work.
   boot.initrd.preFailCommands = "allowShell=1";
@@ -38,12 +41,7 @@
   boot.consoleLogLevel = 7;
 
   boot.loader.grub.enable = lib.mkDefault false;
-  # boot.loader.generic-extlinux-compatible.enable = lib.mkDefault true;
-  boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = lib.mkDefault true;
-  boot.loader.systemd-boot.configurationLimit = lib.mkDefault 20;
-  boot.loader.systemd-boot.edk2-uefi-shell.enable = lib.mkDefault true;
-  boot.loader.systemd-boot.memtest86.enable = lib.mkDefault
-    (lib.meta.availableOn pkgs.stdenv.hostPlatform pkgs.memtest86plus);
+  boot.loader.generic-extlinux-compatible.enable = lib.mkDefault true;
 
   hardware.enableAllFirmware = true;  # firmware with licenses that don't allow for redistribution. fuck lawyers, fuck IP, give me the goddamn firmware.
   # hardware.enableRedistributableFirmware = true;  # proprietary but free-to-distribute firmware (extraneous to `enableAllFirmware` option)

hosts/common/default.nix

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   imports = [
     ./boot.nix
     ./feeds.nix
-    ./fs
+    ./fs.nix
     ./home
     ./hosts.nix
     ./ids.nix
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     ./programs
     ./quirks.nix
     ./secrets.nix
-    ./snapper.nix
     ./ssh.nix
     ./systemd.nix
     ./users
@@ -30,18 +29,8 @@
   sane.persist.enable = lib.mkDefault true;
   sane.root-on-tmpfs = lib.mkDefault true;
   sane.programs.sysadminUtils.enableFor.system = lib.mkDefault true;
-  sane.programs.sysadminExtraUtils.enableFor.system = lib.mkDefault true;
   sane.programs.consoleUtils.enableFor.user.colin = lib.mkDefault true;
 
-  services.buffyboard.enable = true;
-  services.buffyboard.settings.theme.default = "pmos-light";
-  # services.buffyboard.settings.quirks.fbdev_force_refresh = true;
-  services.buffyboard.extraFlags = [ "--verbose" ];
-
-  # irqbalance monitors interrupt count (as a daemon) and assigns high-frequency interrupts to different CPUs.
-  # that reduces contention between simultaneously-fired interrupts.
-  services.irqbalance.enable = true;
-
   # time.timeZone = "America/Los_Angeles";
   time.timeZone = "Etc/UTC";  # DST is too confusing for me => use a stable timezone
 
@@ -52,7 +41,7 @@
       # source: <https://github.com/luishfonseca/dotfiles/blob/32c10e775d9ec7cc55e44592a060c1c9aadf113e/modules/upgrade-diff.nix>
       # modified to not error on boot (when /run/current-system doesn't exist)
       if [ -d /run/current-system ]; then
-        ${lib.getExe pkgs.nvd} --nix-bin-dir=${pkgs.nix}/bin diff /run/current-system "$systemConfig"
+        ${pkgs.nvd}/bin/nvd --nix-bin-dir=${pkgs.nix}/bin diff /run/current-system "$systemConfig"
       fi
     '';
   };

hosts/common/feeds.nix

@@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
 # where to find good stuff?
 # - universal search/directory: <https://podcastindex.org>
-#   - the full database is downloadable
-# - find adjacent podcasts: <https://rephonic.com/graph>
-# - charts: <https://rephonic.com/charts/apple/united-states/technology>
 # - list of lists: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_podcasts>
 # - podcasts w/ a community: <https://lemmyverse.net/communities?query=podcast>
 # - podcast recs:
 #   - active lemmy: <https://slrpnk.net/c/podcasts>
 #   - old thread: <https://lemmy.ml/post/1565858>
 #
-# - paywall bypass / bootlegs: <https://jumble.top/>
 { lib, sane-data, ... }:
 let
   hourly = { freq = "hourly"; };
@@ -63,34 +59,26 @@ let
   podcasts = [
     (fromDb "404media.co/the-404-media-podcast" // tech)
     (fromDb "acquiredlpbonussecretsecret.libsyn.com" // tech)  # ACQ2 - more "Acquired" episodes
-    (fromDb "adventofcomputing.com" // tech)  # computing history
+    (fromDb "allinchamathjason.libsyn.com" // pol)
     (fromDb "api.oyez.org/podcasts/oral-arguments/2015" // pol)  # Supreme Court Oral Arguments ("2015" in URL means nothing -- it's still updated)
     (fromDb "anchor.fm/s/34c7232c/podcast/rss" // tech)  # Civboot -- https://anchor.fm/civboot
     (fromDb "anchor.fm/s/2da69154/podcast/rss" // tech)  # POD OF JAKE -- https://podofjake.com/
-    (fromDb "bluecityblues.org.podcastpage.io" // pol)  # hosts overlap with Seattle Nice
-    (fromDb "buzzsprout.com/2126417" // tech)  # Mystery AI Hype Theater 3000
     (fromDb "cast.postmarketos.org" // tech)
     (fromDb "congressionaldish.libsyn.com" // pol)  # Jennifer Briney
     (fromDb "craphound.com" // pol)  # Cory Doctorow -- both podcast & text entries
     (fromDb "darknetdiaries.com" // tech)
-    (fromDb "dwarkeshpatel.com" // tech)
+    (fromDb "feed.podbean.com/matrixlive/feed.xml" // tech)  # Matrix (chat) Live
     (fromDb "feeds.99percentinvisible.org/99percentinvisible" // pol)  # 99% Invisible -- also available here: <https://feeds.simplecast.com/BqbsxVfO>
-    (fromDb "feeds.acast.com/public/shows/lawfare" // pol)  # <https://www.lawfaremedia.org/podcasts-multimedia/podcast/the-lawfare-podcast>
-    (fromDb "feeds.buzzsprout.com/2412334.rss")  # Matt Stoller's _Organized Money_ <https://www.organizedmoney.fm/>
-    (fromDb "feeds.eff.org/howtofixtheinternet" // pol)
     (fromDb "feeds.feedburner.com/80000HoursPodcast" // rat)
     (fromDb "feeds.feedburner.com/dancarlin/history" // rat)
     (fromDb "feeds.feedburner.com/radiolab" // pol)  # Radiolab -- also available here, but ONLY OVER HTTP: <http://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab>
-    (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/CHTAL4990341033" // pol)  # ChinaTalk: https://www.chinatalk.media/podcast
     (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/GLT1412515089" // pol)  # JRE: Joe Rogan Experience
     (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/behindthebastards" // pol)  # also Maggie Killjoy
     (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/cspantheweekly" // pol)
-    (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/econ102")  # Noah Smith + Erik Torenberg <https://www.podpage.com/econ102/>
-    (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/history102")  # <https://www.podpage.com/history-102-with-whatifalthist/>
     (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/recodedecode" // tech)  # The Verge - Decoder
-    (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/thiswontlast" // tech)  # <https://www.podpage.com/thiswontlast/>
-    (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/unexplainable")
+    (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/82FI35Px" // pol)  # Ezra Klein Show
     (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/wgl4xEgL" // rat)  # Econ Talk
+    (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/xKJ93w_w" // uncat)  # Atlas Obscura
     (fromDb "feeds.transistor.fm/acquired" // tech)
     (fromDb "feeds.transistor.fm/complex-systems-with-patrick-mckenzie-patio11" // tech)  # Patrick Mackenzie (from Bits About Money)
     (fromDb "feeds.twit.tv/floss.xml" // tech)
@@ -100,63 +88,43 @@ let
     (fromDb "lexfridman.com/podcast" // rat)
     (fromDb "linktr.ee/betteroffline" // pol)
     (fromDb "linuxdevtime.com" // tech)
-    (fromDb "malicious.life" // tech)
     (fromDb "mapspodcast.libsyn.com" // uncat)  # Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies
-    (fromDb "motherearthnewsandfriends.libsyn.com" // uncat)  # off-grid living
     (fromDb "microarch.club" // tech)
-    (fromDb "nocturnepodcast.org")
+    (fromDb "mintcast.org" // tech)
     (fromDb "omegataupodcast.net" // tech)  # 3/4 German; 1/4 eps are English
     (fromDb "omny.fm/shows/cool-people-who-did-cool-stuff" // pol)  # Maggie Killjoy -- referenced by Cory Doctorow
     (fromDb "omny.fm/shows/money-stuff-the-podcast")  # Matt Levine
-    (fromDb "omny.fm/shows/stuff-you-should-know-1")
     (fromDb "omny.fm/shows/the-dollop-with-dave-anthony-and-gareth-reynolds")  # The Dollop history/comedy
     (fromDb "omny.fm/shows/weird-little-guys")  # Cool Zone Media
     (fromDb "originstories.libsyn.com" // uncat)
-    (fromDb "podcast.ergaster.org/@flintandsilicon" // tech)  # Thib's podcast: public interest tech, gnome, etc: <https://fed.uninsane.org/users/$ALLO9MZ5g5CsQTCBH6>
-    (fromDb "pods.media/api/rss/feed/channel/unchained" // tech)  # cryptocurrency happenings; rec via patio11
     (fromDb "politicalorphanage.libsyn.com" // pol)
     (fromDb "reverseengineering.libsyn.com/rss" // tech)  # UnNamed Reverse Engineering Podcast
-    (fromDb "rss.acast.com/ft-tech-tonic" // tech)  # Financial Time's: Tech Tonic
+    (fromDb "rss.acast.com/deconstructed")  # The Intercept - Deconstructed
+    (fromDb "rss.acast.com/ft-tech-tonic" // tech)
+    (fromDb "rss.acast.com/intercepted-with-jeremy-scahill")  # The Intercept - Intercepted
+    (fromDb "rss.art19.com/60-minutes" // pol)
     (fromDb "rss.art19.com/the-portal" // rat)  # Eric Weinstein
-    (fromDb "seattlenice.buzzsprout.com" // pol)  # Seattle Nice
-    (fromDb "speedboatdope.com" // pol)  # Chapo Trap House (premium feed)
+    (fromDb "seattlenice.buzzsprout.com" // pol)
     (fromDb "srslywrong.com" // pol)
     (fromDb "sharkbytes.transistor.fm" // tech)  # Wireshark Podcast o_0
-    (fromDb "sharptech.fm/feed/podcast" // tech)  # Ben Thompson
-    (fromDb "sscpodcast.libsyn.com" // rat)  # Astral Codex Ten; Scott Alexander
+    (fromDb "sharptech.fm/feed/podcast" // tech)
+    (fromDb "sscpodcast.libsyn.com" // rat)  # Astral Codex Ten
     (fromDb "talesfromthebridge.buzzsprout.com" // tech)  # Sci-Fi? has Peter Watts; author of No Moods, Ads or Cutesy Fucking Icons (rifters.com)
+    (fromDb "theamphour.com" // tech)
     (fromDb "techtalesshow.com" // tech)  # Corbin Davenport
-    (fromDb "theamphour.com" // tech)  # The Amp Hour
-    (fromDb "the-ben-marc-show.simplecast.com" // tech // pol)  # Ben Horowitz + Marc Andreessen; love to hate em
-    (fromDb "timclicks.dev/compose-podcast" // tech)  # Rust-heavy dev interviews
-    (fromDb "werenotwrong.fireside.fm" // pol)  # We're Not Wrong
-    (fromDb "whycast.podcast.audio/@whycast" // tech)  # What Hackers Yearn [for]: <https://why2025.org/>
+    (fromDb "techwontsave.us" // pol)  # rec by Cory Doctorow
+    (fromDb "werenotwrong.fireside.fm" // pol)
     (mkPod "https://sfconservancy.org/casts/the-corresponding-source/feeds/ogg/" // tech)
 
-    # (fromDb "allinchamathjason.libsyn.com" // pol)
-    # (fromDb "feed.podbean.com/matrixlive/feed.xml" // tech)  # Matrix (chat) Live
     # (fromDb "feeds.libsyn.com/421877" // rat)  # Less Wrong Curated
     # (fromDb "feeds.megaphone.fm/hubermanlab" // uncat)  # Daniel Huberman on sleep
     # (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/54nAGcIl" // pol)  # The Daily
-    # (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/82FI35Px" // pol)  # Ezra Klein Show
     # (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/l2i9YnTd" // tech // pol)  # Hard Fork (NYtimes tech)
-    # (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/whlwDbyc" // tech)  # Tech Lounge: <https://chrischinchilla.com/podcast/techlounge/>
-    # (fromDb "feeds.simplecast.com/xKJ93w_w" // uncat)  # Atlas Obscura
-    # (fromDb "iheart.com/podcast/1119-away-days-podcast-reporti-275359753" // pol)  # Away Days (Cool Zone Media)
-    # (fromDb "lastweekinai.com" // tech)  # Last Week in AI
-    # (fromDb "mintcast.org" // tech)
     # (fromDb "podcast.posttv.com/itunes/post-reports.xml" // pol)
-    # (fromDb "podcast.sustainoss.org" // tech)  # "Sustainable tech", only... it somehow manages to avoid any tech which is actually sustainable, and most of the time doesn't even talk about Open Source Software (!). normie/surface-level/"feel good"
     # (fromDb "podcast.thelinuxexp.com" // tech)  # low-brow linux/foss PR announcements
-    # (fromDb "politicspoliticspolitics.com" // pol)  # don't judge me. Justin Robert Young.
-    # (fromDb "rss.acast.com/deconstructed")  # The Intercept - Deconstructed
-    # (fromDb "rss.acast.com/intercepted-with-jeremy-scahill")  # The Intercept - Intercepted
-    # (fromDb "rss.art19.com/60-minutes" // pol)
     # (fromDb "rss.art19.com/your-welcome" // pol)  # Michael Malice - Your Welcome -- also available here: <https://origin.podcastone.com/podcast?categoryID2=2232>
     # (fromDb "rss.prod.firstlook.media/deconstructed/podcast.rss" // pol)  #< possible URL rot
     # (fromDb "rss.prod.firstlook.media/intercepted/podcast.rss" // pol)  #< possible URL rot
-    # (fromDb "sites.libsyn.com/438684" // humor)  # Quorators - digging up *weird* Quota questions
-    # (fromDb "techwontsave.us" // pol)  # rec by Cory Doctorow, but way too info-sparse
     # (fromDb "trashfuturepodcast.podbean.com" // pol)  # rec by Cory Doctorow, but way rambly
     # (fromDb "wakingup.libsyn.com" // pol)  # Sam Harris, but he just repeats himself now
     # (mkPod "https://anchor.fm/s/21bc734/podcast/rss" // pol // infrequent)  # Emerge: making sense of what's next -- <https://www.whatisemerging.com/emergepodcast>
@@ -166,7 +134,6 @@ let
   ];
 
   texts = [
-    (fromDb "ergaster.org/blog" // tech)  # Thib's blog: public interest tech, gnome, etc: <https://fed.uninsane.org/users/$ALLO9MZ5g5CsQTCBH6>
     (fromDb "acoup.blog/feed")  # history, states. author: <https://historians.social/@bretdevereaux/following>
     (fromDb "amosbbatto.wordpress.com" // tech)
     (fromDb "anish.lakhwara.com" // tech)
@@ -208,7 +175,6 @@ let
     (fromDb "mako.cc/copyrighteous" // tech // pol)  # rec by Cory Doctorow
     (fromDb "mg.lol" // tech)
     (fromDb "mindingourway.com" // rat)
-    (fromDb "momi.ca" // tech)  # Anjan, pmOS
     (fromDb "morningbrew.com/feed" // pol)
     (fromDb "nixpkgs.news" // tech)
     (fromDb "overcomingbias.com" // rat)  # Robin Hanson
@@ -231,6 +197,7 @@ let
     (fromDb "slimemoldtimemold.com" // rat)
     (fromDb "spectrum.ieee.org" // tech)
     (fromDb "stpeter.im/atom.xml" // pol)
+    (fromDb "thediff.co" // pol)  # Byrne Hobart
     (fromDb "thisweek.gnome.org" // tech)
     (fromDb "tuxphones.com" // tech)
     (fromDb "uninsane.org" // tech)
@@ -242,14 +209,12 @@ let
     (fromDb "xorvoid.com" // tech)
     (fromDb "www.thebignewsletter.com" // pol)
     (mkSubstack "astralcodexten" // rat // daily)  # Scott Alexander
-    (mkSubstack "chlamchowder" // tech)  # details CPU advancements
     (mkSubstack "eliqian" // rat // weekly)
     (mkSubstack "oversharing" // pol // daily)
     (mkSubstack "samkriss" // humor // infrequent)
     (mkText "http://benjaminrosshoffman.com/feed" // pol // weekly)
     (mkText "http://boginjr.com/feed" // tech // infrequent)
     (mkText "https://forum.merveilles.town/rss.xml" // pol // infrequent)  #quality RSS list here: <https://forum.merveilles.town/thread/57/share-your-rss-feeds%21-6/>
-    (mkText "https://icm.museum/rss20.xml" // tech // infrequent)  # Interim Computer Museum
     (mkText "https://jvns.ca/atom.xml" // tech // weekly)  # Julia Evans
     (mkText "https://linuxphoneapps.org/blog/atom.xml" // tech // infrequent)
     (mkText "https://nixos.org/blog/announcements-rss.xml" // tech // infrequent)  # more nixos stuff here, but unclear how to subscribe: <https://nixos.org/blog/categories.html>
@@ -262,7 +227,6 @@ let
     # (fromDb "econlib.org" // pol)
     # (fromDb "lesswrong.com" // rat)
     # (fromDb "profectusmag.com" // pol)  # some conservative/libertarian think tank
-    # (fromDb "thediff.co" // pol)  # Byrne Hobart; 80% is subscriber-only
     # (fromDb "thesideview.co" // uncat)  # spiritual journal; RSS items are stubs
     # (fromDb "theregister.com" // tech)
     # (fromDb "vitalik.ca" // tech)  # moved to vitalik.eth.limo
@@ -275,32 +239,22 @@ let
 
   videos = [
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@Channel5YouTube" // pol)
+    (fromDb "youtube.com/@ColdFusion")
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@ContraPoints" // pol)
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@Exurb1a")
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@hbomberguy")
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@JackStauber")
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@jaketran")
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@kurzgesagt")
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@mii_beta" // tech)  # Baby Wogue / gnome reviewer
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@Matrixdotorg" // tech)  # Matrix Live
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@NativLang")
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@PolyMatter")
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@scenesbyben" // pol)  # video essays
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@TechnologyConnections" // tech)
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@theodd1sout")
+    (fromDb "youtube.com/@TheB1M")
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@TomScottGo")
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@TVW_Washington" // pol)  # interviews with WA public officials
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@veritasium")
     (fromDb "youtube.com/@Vihart")
-    (fromDb "youtube.com/@InnuendoStudios" // pol)  # breaks down the nastier political strategies, from a "politics is power" angle
 
-    # (fromDb "youtube.com/@CasuallyExplained" // pol)
-    # (fromDb "youtube.com/@ColdFusion")
-    # (fromDb "youtube.com/@rossmanngroup" // pol // tech)  # Louis Rossmann
-    # (fromDb "youtube.com/@TheB1M")
-    # (fromDb "youtube.com/@tested" // tech)  # Adam Savage  (uploads too frequently)
     # (fromDb "youtube.com/@Vox")
     # (fromDb "youtube.com/@Vsauce")  # they're all like 1-minute long videos now? what happened @Vsauce?
+    # (fromDb "youtube.com/@rossmanngroup" // pol // tech)  # Louis Rossmann
   ];
 
   images = [

hosts/common/fs.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+# docs
+# - x-systemd options: <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.mount.html>
+# - fuse options: `man mount.fuse`
+
+{ config, lib, utils, ... }:
+
+let
+  fsOpts = rec {
+    common = [
+      "_netdev"
+      "noatime"
+      # user: allow any user with access to the device to mount the fs.
+      #       note that this requires a suid `mount` binary; see: <https://zameermanji.com/blog/2022/8/5/using-fuse-without-root-on-linux/>
+      "user"
+      "x-systemd.requires=network-online.target"
+      "x-systemd.after=network-online.target"
+      "x-systemd.mount-timeout=10s"  # how long to wait for mount **and** how long to wait for unmount
+    ];
+    # x-systemd.automount: mount the fs automatically *on first access*.
+    # creates a `path-to-mount.automount` systemd unit.
+    automount = [ "x-systemd.automount" ];
+    # noauto: don't mount as part of remote-fs.target.
+    # N.B.: `remote-fs.target` is a dependency of multi-user.target, itself of graphical.target.
+    # hence, omitting `noauto` can slow down boots.
+    noauto = [ "noauto" ];
+    # lazyMount: defer mounting until first access from userspace.
+    # see: `man systemd.automount`, `man automount`, `man autofs`
+    lazyMount = noauto ++ automount;
+
+    fuse = [
+      "allow_other"  # allow users other than the one who mounts it to access it. needed, if systemd is the one mounting this fs (as root)
+      # allow_root: allow root to access files on this fs (if mounted by non-root, else it can always access them).
+      #             N.B.: if both allow_root and allow_other are specified, then only allow_root takes effect.
+      # "allow_root"
+      # default_permissions: enforce local permissions check. CRUCIAL if using `allow_other`.
+      # w/o this, permissions mode of sshfs is like:
+      # - sshfs runs all remote commands as the remote user.
+      # - if a local user has local permissions to the sshfs mount, then their file ops are sent blindly across the tunnel.
+      # - `allow_other` allows *any* local user to access the mount, and hence any local user can now freely become the remote mapped user.
+      # with default_permissions, sshfs doesn't tunnel file ops from users until checking that said user could perform said op on an equivalent local fs.
+      "default_permissions"
+    ];
+    fuseColin = fuse ++ [
+      "uid=1000"
+      "gid=100"
+    ];
+
+    ssh = common ++ fuseColin ++ [
+      "identityfile=/home/colin/.ssh/id_ed25519"
+      # i *think* idmap=user means that `colin` on `localhost` and `colin` on the remote are actually treated as the same user, even if their uid/gid differs?
+      # i.e., local colin's id is translated to/from remote colin's id on every operation?
+      "idmap=user"
+    ];
+    sshColin = ssh ++ fuseColin ++ [
+      # follow_symlinks: remote files which are symlinks are presented to the local system as ordinary files (as the target of the symlink).
+      #                  if the symlink target does not exist, the presentation is unspecified.
+      #                  symlinks which point outside the mount ARE followed. so this is more capable than `transform_symlinks`
+      "follow_symlinks"
+      # symlinks on the remote fs which are absolute paths are presented to the local system as relative symlinks pointing to the expected data on the remote fs.
+      # only symlinks which would point inside the mountpoint are translated.
+      "transform_symlinks"
+    ];
+    # sshRoot = ssh ++ [
+    #   # we don't transform_symlinks because that breaks the validity of remote /nix stores
+    #   "sftp_server=/run/wrappers/bin/sudo\\040/run/current-system/sw/libexec/sftp-server"
+    # ];
+
+    # manually perform a ftp mount via e.g.
+    #   curlftpfs -o ftpfs_debug=2,user=anonymous:anonymous,connect_timeout=10 -f -s ftp://servo-hn /mnt/my-ftp
+    ftp = common ++ fuseColin ++ [
+      # "ftpfs_debug=2"
+      "user=colin:ipauth"
+      # connect_timeout=10: casting shows to T.V. fails partway through about half the time
+      "connect_timeout=20"
+    ];
+  };
+
+  ifSshAuthorized = lib.mkIf config.sane.hosts.by-name."${config.networking.hostName}".ssh.authorized;
+
+  remoteHome = name: { host ? name }: {
+    sane.programs.sshfs-fuse.enableFor.system = true;
+    system.fsPackages = [
+      config.sane.programs.sshfs-fuse.package
+    ];
+    fileSystems."/mnt/${name}/home" = {
+      device = "sshfs#colin@${host}:/home/colin";
+      fsType = "fuse3";
+      options = fsOpts.sshColin ++ fsOpts.lazyMount ++ [
+        # drop_privileges: after `mount.fuse3` opens /dev/fuse, it will drop all capabilities before invoking sshfs
+        "drop_privileges"
+        "auto_unmount"  #< ensures that when the fs exits, it releases its mountpoint. then systemd can recognize it as failed.
+      ];
+      noCheck = true;
+    };
+    sane.fs."/mnt/${name}/home" = {
+      dir.acl.user = "colin";
+      dir.acl.group = "users";
+      dir.acl.mode = "0700";
+      wantedBy = [ "default.target" ];
+      mount.depends = [ "network-online.target" ];
+      mount.mountConfig.ExecSearchPath = [ "/run/current-system/sw/bin" ];
+      mount.mountConfig.User = "colin";
+      mount.mountConfig.AmbientCapabilities = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
+      # hardening (systemd-analyze security mnt-desko-home.mount):
+      # TODO: i can't use ProtectSystem=full here, because i can't create a new mount space; but...
+      # with drop_privileges, i *could* sandbox the actual `sshfs` program using e.g. bwrap
+      mount.mountConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
+      mount.mountConfig.LockPersonality = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.MemoryDenyWriteExecute = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.NoNewPrivileges = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.ProtectClock = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.ProtectHostname = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.RemoveIPC = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictAddressFamilies = "AF_UNIX AF_INET AF_INET6";
+      #VVV this includes anything it reads from, e.g. /bin/sh; /nix/store/...
+      # see `systemd-analyze filesystems` for a full list
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictFileSystems = "@common-block @basic-api fuse";
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictRealtime = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictSUIDSGID = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
+      mount.mountConfig.SystemCallFilter = [
+        "@system-service"
+        "@mount"
+        "~@chown"
+        "~@cpu-emulation"
+        "~@keyring"
+        # could remove almost all io calls, however one has to keep `open`, and `write`, to communicate with the fuse device.
+        # so that's pretty useless as a way to prevent write access
+      ];
+      mount.mountConfig.IPAddressDeny = "any";
+      mount.mountConfig.IPAddressAllow = "10.0.0.0/8";
+      mount.mountConfig.DevicePolicy = "closed";  # only allow /dev/{null,zero,full,random,urandom}
+      mount.mountConfig.DeviceAllow = "/dev/fuse";
+      # mount.mountConfig.RestrictNamespaces = true;  #< my sshfs sandboxing uses bwrap
+    };
+  };
+  remoteServo = subdir: let
+    localPath = "/mnt/servo/${subdir}";
+    systemdName = utils.escapeSystemdPath localPath;
+  in {
+    sane.programs.curlftpfs.enableFor.system = true;
+    system.fsPackages = [
+      config.sane.programs.curlftpfs.package
+    ];
+    fileSystems."${localPath}" = {
+      device = "curlftpfs#ftp://servo-hn:/${subdir}";
+      noCheck = true;
+      fsType = "fuse3";
+      options = fsOpts.ftp ++ fsOpts.noauto ++ [
+        # drop_privileges: after `mount.fuse3` opens /dev/fuse, it will drop all capabilities before invoking sshfs
+        "drop_privileges"
+        "auto_unmount"  #< ensures that when the fs exits, it releases its mountpoint. then systemd can recognize it as failed.
+      ];
+    };
+    sane.fs."${localPath}" = {
+      dir.acl.user = "colin";
+      dir.acl.group = "users";
+      dir.acl.mode = "0750";
+      wantedBy = [ "default.target" ];
+      mount.depends = [ "network-online.target" "${systemdName}-reachable.service" ];
+      #VVV patch so that when the mount fails, we start a timer to remount it.
+      #    and for a disconnection after a good mount (onSuccess), restart the timer to be more aggressive
+      mount.unitConfig.OnFailure = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
+      mount.unitConfig.OnSuccess = [ "${systemdName}-restart-timer.target" ];
+
+      mount.mountConfig.TimeoutSec = "10s";
+      mount.mountConfig.ExecSearchPath = [ "/run/current-system/sw/bin" ];
+      mount.mountConfig.User = "colin";
+      mount.mountConfig.AmbientCapabilities = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
+      # hardening (systemd-analyze security mnt-servo-playground.mount)
+      mount.mountConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
+      mount.mountConfig.LockPersonality = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.MemoryDenyWriteExecute = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.NoNewPrivileges = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.ProtectClock = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.ProtectHostname = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.RemoveIPC = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictAddressFamilies = "AF_UNIX AF_INET AF_INET6";
+      #VVV this includes anything it reads from, e.g. /bin/sh; /nix/store/...
+      # see `systemd-analyze filesystems` for a full list
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictFileSystems = "@common-block @basic-api fuse";
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictRealtime = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.RestrictSUIDSGID = true;
+      mount.mountConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
+      mount.mountConfig.SystemCallFilter = [
+        "@system-service"
+        "@mount"
+        "~@chown"
+        "~@cpu-emulation"
+        "~@keyring"
+        # could remove almost all io calls, however one has to keep `open`, and `write`, to communicate with the fuse device.
+        # so that's pretty useless as a way to prevent write access
+      ];
+      mount.mountConfig.IPAddressDeny = "any";
+      mount.mountConfig.IPAddressAllow = "10.0.10.5";
+      mount.mountConfig.DevicePolicy = "closed";  # only allow /dev/{null,zero,full,random,urandom}
+      mount.mountConfig.DeviceAllow = "/dev/fuse";
+      # mount.mountConfig.RestrictNamespaces = true;
+    };
+
+    systemd.services."${systemdName}-reachable" = {
+      serviceConfig.ExecSearchPath = [ "/run/current-system/sw/bin" ];
+      serviceConfig.ExecStart = lib.escapeShellArgs [
+        "curlftpfs"
+        "ftp://servo-hn:/${subdir}"
+        "/dev/null"
+        "-o"
+        (lib.concatStringsSep "," ([
+          "exit_after_connect"
+        ] ++ config.fileSystems."${localPath}".options))
+      ];
+      serviceConfig.RemainAfterExit = true;
+      serviceConfig.Type = "oneshot";
+      unitConfig.BindsTo = [ "${systemdName}.mount" ];
+      # hardening (systemd-analyze security mnt-servo-playground-reachable.service)
+      serviceConfig.AmbientCapabilities = "";
+      serviceConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = "";
+      serviceConfig.DynamicUser = true;
+      serviceConfig.LockPersonality = true;
+      serviceConfig.MemoryDenyWriteExecute = true;
+      serviceConfig.NoNewPrivileges = true;
+      serviceConfig.PrivateDevices = true;
+      serviceConfig.PrivateMounts = true;
+      serviceConfig.PrivateTmp = true;
+      serviceConfig.PrivateUsers = true;
+      serviceConfig.ProcSubset = "all";
+      serviceConfig.ProtectClock = true;
+      serviceConfig.ProtectControlGroups = true;
+      serviceConfig.ProtectHome = true;
+      serviceConfig.ProtectKernelModules = true;
+      serviceConfig.ProtectProc = "invisible";
+      serviceConfig.ProtectSystem = "strict";
+      serviceConfig.RemoveIPC = true;
+      serviceConfig.RestrictAddressFamilies = "AF_UNIX AF_INET AF_INET6";
+      # serviceConfig.RestrictFileSystems = "@common-block @basic-api";  #< NOPE
+      serviceConfig.RestrictRealtime = true;
+      serviceConfig.RestrictSUIDSGID = true;
+      serviceConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
+      serviceConfig.SystemCallFilter = [
+        "@system-service"
+        "@mount"
+        "~@chown"
+        "~@cpu-emulation"
+        "~@keyring"
+        # "~@privileged"  #< NOPE
+        "~@resources"
+        # could remove some more probably
+      ];
+      serviceConfig.IPAddressDeny = "any";
+      serviceConfig.IPAddressAllow = "10.0.10.5";
+      serviceConfig.DevicePolicy = "closed";
+      # exceptions
+      serviceConfig.ProtectHostname = false;
+      serviceConfig.ProtectKernelLogs = false;
+      serviceConfig.ProtectKernelTunables = false;
+    };
+
+    systemd.targets."${systemdName}-restart-timer" = {
+      # hack unit which, when started, stops the timer (if running), and then starts it again.
+      after = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
+      conflicts = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
+      upholds = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
+      unitConfig.StopWhenUnneeded = true;
+    };
+    systemd.timers."${systemdName}" = {
+      timerConfig.Unit = "${systemdName}.mount";
+      timerConfig.AccuracySec = "2s";
+      timerConfig.OnActiveSec = [
+        # try to remount at these timestamps, backing off gradually
+        # there seems to be an implicit mount attempt at t=0.
+        "10s"
+        "30s"
+        "60s"
+        "120s"
+      ];
+      # cap the backoff to a fixed interval.
+      timerConfig.OnUnitActiveSec = [ "120s" ];
+    };
+  };
+in
+lib.mkMerge [
+  {
+    # some services which use private directories error if the parent (/var/lib/private) isn't 700.
+    sane.fs."/var/lib/private".dir.acl.mode = "0700";
+
+    # in-memory compressed RAM
+    # defaults to compressing at most 50% size of RAM
+    # claimed compression ratio is about 2:1
+    # - but on moby w/ zstd default i see 4-7:1  (ratio lowers as it fills)
+    # note that idle overhead is about 0.05% of capacity (e.g. 2B per 4kB page)
+    # docs: <https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt>
+    #
+    # to query effectiveness:
+    # `cat /sys/block/zram0/mm_stat`. whitespace separated fields:
+    # - *orig_data_size*  (bytes)
+    # - *compr_data_size* (bytes)
+    # - mem_used_total    (bytes)
+    # - mem_limit         (bytes)
+    # - mem_used_max      (bytes)
+    # - *same_pages*  (pages which are e.g. all zeros (consumes no additional mem))
+    # - *pages_compacted*  (pages which have been freed thanks to compression)
+    # - huge_pages  (incompressible)
+    #
+    # see also:
+    # - `man zramctl`
+    zramSwap.enable = true;
+    # how much ram can be swapped into the zram device.
+    # this shouldn't be higher than the observed compression ratio.
+    # the default is 50% (why?)
+    # 100% should be "guaranteed" safe so long as the data is even *slightly* compressible.
+    # but it decreases working memory under the heaviest of loads by however much space the compressed memory occupies (e.g. 50% if 2:1; 25% if 4:1)
+    zramSwap.memoryPercent = 100;
+
+    programs.fuse.userAllowOther = true;  #< necessary for `allow_other` or `allow_root` options.
+  }
+
+  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "crappy" {}))
+  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "desko" {}))
+  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "lappy" {}))
+  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "moby" { host = "moby-hn"; }))
+  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "servo" {}))
+  # this granularity of servo media mounts is necessary to support sandboxing:
+  # for flaky mounts, we can only bind the mountpoint itself into the sandbox,
+  # so it's either this or unconditionally bind all of media/.
+  (remoteServo "media/archive")
+  (remoteServo "media/Books")
+  (remoteServo "media/collections")
+  # (remoteServo "media/datasets")
+  (remoteServo "media/games")
+  (remoteServo "media/Music")
+  (remoteServo "media/Pictures/macros")
+  (remoteServo "media/torrents")
+  (remoteServo "media/Videos")
+  (remoteServo "playground")
+]
+

hosts/common/fs/default.nix

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-{ ... }:
-{
-  imports = [
-    ./remote-home.nix
-    ./remote-servo.nix
-  ];
-  # some services which use private directories error if the parent (/var/lib/private) isn't 700.
-  sane.fs."/var/lib/private".dir.acl.mode = "0700";
-
-
-  # allocate a proper /tmp fs, else its capacity will be limited as per impermanence defaults (i.e. 1 GB).
-  fileSystems."/tmp" = {
-    device = "none";
-    fsType = "tmpfs";
-    options = [
-      "mode=777"
-      "defaults"
-    ];
-  };
-
-  # in-memory compressed RAM
-  # defaults to compressing at most 50% size of RAM
-  # claimed compression ratio is about 2:1
-  # - but on moby w/ zstd default i see 4-7:1  (ratio lowers as it fills)
-  # note that idle overhead is about 0.05% of capacity (e.g. 2B per 4kB page)
-  # docs: <https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt>
-  #
-  # to query effectiveness:
-  # `cat /sys/block/zram0/mm_stat`. whitespace separated fields:
-  # - *orig_data_size*  (bytes)
-  # - *compr_data_size* (bytes)
-  # - mem_used_total    (bytes)
-  # - mem_limit         (bytes)
-  # - mem_used_max      (bytes)
-  # - *same_pages*  (pages which are e.g. all zeros (consumes no additional mem))
-  # - *pages_compacted*  (pages which have been freed thanks to compression)
-  # - huge_pages  (incompressible)
-  #
-  # see also:
-  # - `man zramctl`
-  zramSwap.enable = true;
-  # how much ram can be swapped into the zram device.
-  # this shouldn't be higher than the observed compression ratio.
-  # the default is 50% (why?)
-  # 100% should be "guaranteed" safe so long as the data is even *slightly* compressible.
-  # but it decreases working memory under the heaviest of loads by however much space the compressed memory occupies (e.g. 50% if 2:1; 25% if 4:1)
-  zramSwap.memoryPercent = 100;
-
-  programs.fuse.userAllowOther = true;  #< necessary for `allow_other` or `allow_root` options.
-}
-

hosts/common/fs/fs-opts.nix

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-# docs
-# - x-systemd options: <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.mount.html>
-# - fuse options: `man mount.fuse`
-rec {
-  common = [
-    "_netdev"
-    "noatime"
-    # user: allow any user with access to the device to mount the fs.
-    #       note that this requires a suid `mount` binary; see: <https://zameermanji.com/blog/2022/8/5/using-fuse-without-root-on-linux/>
-    "user"
-    "x-systemd.requires=network-online.target"
-    "x-systemd.after=network-online.target"
-    "x-systemd.mount-timeout=10s"  # how long to wait for mount **and** how long to wait for unmount
-    # disable defaults: don't fail local-fs.target if this mount fails
-    "nofail"
-  ];
-  # x-systemd.automount: mount the fs automatically *on first access*.
-  # creates a `path-to-mount.automount` systemd unit.
-  automount = [ "x-systemd.automount" ];
-  # noauto: don't mount as part of remote-fs.target.
-  # N.B.: `remote-fs.target` is a dependency of multi-user.target, itself of graphical.target.
-  # hence, omitting `noauto` can slow down boots.
-  noauto = [ "noauto" ];
-  # lazyMount: defer mounting until first access from userspace.
-  # see: `man systemd.automount`, `man automount`, `man autofs`
-  lazyMount = noauto ++ automount;
-
-  fuse = [
-    "allow_other"  # allow users other than the one who mounts it to access it. needed, if systemd is the one mounting this fs (as root)
-    # allow_root: allow root to access files on this fs (if mounted by non-root, else it can always access them).
-    #             N.B.: if both allow_root and allow_other are specified, then only allow_root takes effect.
-    # "allow_root"
-    # default_permissions: enforce local permissions check. CRUCIAL if using `allow_other`.
-    # w/o this, permissions mode of sshfs is like:
-    # - sshfs runs all remote commands as the remote user.
-    # - if a local user has local permissions to the sshfs mount, then their file ops are sent blindly across the tunnel.
-    # - `allow_other` allows *any* local user to access the mount, and hence any local user can now freely become the remote mapped user.
-    # with default_permissions, sshfs doesn't tunnel file ops from users until checking that said user could perform said op on an equivalent local fs.
-    "default_permissions"
-    "drop_privileges"
-    "auto_unmount"  #< ensures that when the fs exits, it releases its mountpoint. then systemd can recognize it as failed.
-  ];
-  fuseColin = fuse ++ [
-    "uid=1000"
-    "gid=100"
-  ];
-
-  ssh = common ++ fuseColin ++ [
-    "identityfile=/home/colin/.ssh/id_ed25519"
-    # i *think* idmap=user means that `colin` on `localhost` and `colin` on the remote are actually treated as the same user, even if their uid/gid differs?
-    # i.e., local colin's id is translated to/from remote colin's id on every operation?
-    "idmap=user"
-  ];
-  sshColin = ssh ++ fuseColin ++ [
-    # follow_symlinks: remote files which are symlinks are presented to the local system as ordinary files (as the target of the symlink).
-    #                  if the symlink target does not exist, the presentation is unspecified.
-    #                  symlinks which point outside the mount ARE followed. so this is more capable than `transform_symlinks`
-    "follow_symlinks"
-    # symlinks on the remote fs which are absolute paths are presented to the local system as relative symlinks pointing to the expected data on the remote fs.
-    # only symlinks which would point inside the mountpoint are translated.
-    "transform_symlinks"
-  ];
-  # sshRoot = ssh ++ [
-  #   # we don't transform_symlinks because that breaks the validity of remote /nix stores
-  #   "sftp_server=/run/wrappers/bin/sudo\\040/run/current-system/sw/libexec/sftp-server"
-  # ];
-
-  # manually perform a ftp mount via e.g.
-  #   curlftpfs -o ftpfs_debug=2,user=anonymous:anonymous,connect_timeout=10 -f -s ftp://servo-hn /mnt/my-ftp
-  ftp = common ++ fuseColin ++ [
-    # "ftpfs_debug=2"
-    "user=colin:ipauth"
-    # connect_timeout=10: casting shows to T.V. fails partway through about half the time
-    "connect_timeout=20"
-  ];
-}

hosts/common/fs/remote-home.nix

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-{ config, lib, ... }:
-let
-  fsOpts = import ./fs-opts.nix;
-  ifSshAuthorized = lib.mkIf (((config.sane.hosts.by-name."${config.networking.hostName}" or {}).ssh or {}).authorized or false);
-
-  remoteHome = name: { host ? name }: let
-    mountpoint = "/mnt/${name}/home";
-    device = "sshfs#colin@${host}:/home/colin";
-    fsType = "fuse3";
-    options = fsOpts.sshColin ++ fsOpts.lazyMount;
-  in {
-    sane.programs.sshfs-fuse.enableFor.system = true;
-    system.fsPackages = [
-      config.sane.programs.sshfs-fuse.package
-    ];
-    fileSystems."${mountpoint}" = {
-      inherit device fsType options;
-      noCheck = true;
-    };
-    # tell systemd about the mount so that i can sandbox it
-    systemd.mounts = [{
-      where = mountpoint;
-      what = device;
-      type = fsType;
-      options = lib.concatStringsSep "," options;
-      wantedBy = [ "default.target" ];
-      after = [
-        "emergency.service"
-        "network-online.target"
-      ];
-      requires = [ "network-online.target" ];
-
-      unitConfig.Conflicts = [
-        # emergency.service drops the user into a root shell;
-        # only accessible via physical TTY, but unmount sensitive data before that as a precaution.
-        "emergency.service"
-      ];
-
-      # mountConfig.LazyUnmount = true;  #< else it _ocassionally_ fails "target is busy"
-
-      mountConfig.ExecSearchPath = [ "/run/current-system/sw/bin" ];
-      mountConfig.User = "colin";
-      mountConfig.AmbientCapabilities = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
-      # hardening (systemd-analyze security mnt-desko-home.mount):
-      # TODO: i can't use ProtectSystem=full here, because i can't create a new mount space; but...
-      # with drop_privileges, i *could* sandbox the actual `sshfs` program using e.g. bwrap
-      mountConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
-      mountConfig.LockPersonality = true;
-      mountConfig.MemoryDenyWriteExecute = true;
-      mountConfig.NoNewPrivileges = true;
-      mountConfig.ProtectClock = true;
-      mountConfig.ProtectHostname = true;
-      mountConfig.RemoveIPC = true;
-      mountConfig.RestrictAddressFamilies = "AF_UNIX AF_INET AF_INET6";
-      #VVV this includes anything it reads from, e.g. /bin/sh; /nix/store/...
-      # see `systemd-analyze filesystems` for a full list
-      mountConfig.RestrictFileSystems = "@common-block @basic-api fuse";
-      mountConfig.RestrictRealtime = true;
-      mountConfig.RestrictSUIDSGID = true;
-      mountConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
-      mountConfig.SystemCallFilter = [
-        "@system-service"
-        "@mount"
-        "~@chown"
-        "~@cpu-emulation"
-        "~@keyring"
-        # could remove almost all io calls, however one has to keep `open`, and `write`, to communicate with the fuse device.
-        # so that's pretty useless as a way to prevent write access
-      ];
-      mountConfig.IPAddressDeny = "any";
-      mountConfig.IPAddressAllow = "10.0.0.0/8";
-      mountConfig.DevicePolicy = "closed";  # only allow /dev/{null,zero,full,random,urandom}
-      mountConfig.DeviceAllow = "/dev/fuse";
-      # mount.mountConfig.RestrictNamespaces = true;  #< my sshfs sandboxing uses bwrap
-    }];
-  };
-in
-lib.mkMerge [
-  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "crappy" {}))
-  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "desko" {}))
-  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "flowy" {}))
-  # (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "lappy" {}))
-  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "moby" { host = "moby-hn"; }))
-  (ifSshAuthorized (remoteHome "servo" {}))
-]

hosts/common/fs/remote-servo.nix

@@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
-{ config, lib, utils, ... }:
-let
-  fsOpts = import ./fs-opts.nix;
-  commonOptions = fsOpts.ftp ++ fsOpts.noauto;
-  mountpoint = "/mnt/.servo_ftp";
-  systemdName = utils.escapeSystemdPath mountpoint;
-  device = "curlftpfs#ftp://servo-hn:/";
-  fsType = "fuse3";
-  options = commonOptions ++ [
-    # systemd (or maybe fuse?) swallows stderr of mount units with no obvious fix.
-    # instead, use this flag to log the mount output to disk
-    "stderr_path=/var/log/curlftpfs/servo-hn.stderr"
-  ];
-
-  remoteServo = subdir: {
-    # sane.fs."/mnt/servo/${subdir}".mount.bind = "/mnt/.servo_ftp/${subdir}";
-    systemd.mounts = [{
-      where = "/mnt/servo/${subdir}";
-      what = "/mnt/.servo_ftp/${subdir}";
-      options = "bind,nofail";
-      type = "auto";
-
-      after = [ "${systemdName}.mount" ];
-      upheldBy = [ "${systemdName}.mount" ];  #< start this mount whenever the underlying becomes available
-      bindsTo = [ "${systemdName}.mount" ];  #< stop this mount whenever the underlying disappears
-    }];
-  };
-in
-lib.mkMerge [
-  {
-    sane.programs.curlftpfs.enableFor.system = true;
-    system.fsPackages = [
-      config.sane.programs.curlftpfs.package
-    ];
-
-    sane.fs."/var/log/curlftpfs".dir.acl.mode = "0777";
-
-    fileSystems."/mnt/.servo_ftp" = {
-      inherit device fsType options;
-      noCheck = true;
-    };
-    systemd.mounts = [{
-      where = mountpoint;
-      what = device;
-      type = fsType;
-      options = lib.concatStringsSep "," options;
-      wantedBy = [ "default.target" ];
-      after = [ "network-online.target" ];
-      requires = [ "network-online.target" ];
-
-      #VVV patch so that when the mount fails, we start a timer to remount it.
-      #    and for a disconnection after a good mount (onSuccess), restart the timer to be more aggressive
-      unitConfig.OnFailure = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
-      unitConfig.OnSuccess = [ "${systemdName}-restart-timer.target" ];
-
-      mountConfig.TimeoutSec = "10s";
-      mountConfig.ExecSearchPath = [ "/run/current-system/sw/bin" ];
-      mountConfig.User = "colin";
-      mountConfig.AmbientCapabilities = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
-      # hardening (systemd-analyze security mnt-servo-playground.mount)
-      mountConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = "CAP_SETPCAP CAP_SYS_ADMIN";
-      mountConfig.LockPersonality = true;
-      mountConfig.MemoryDenyWriteExecute = true;
-      mountConfig.NoNewPrivileges = true;
-      mountConfig.ProtectClock = true;
-      mountConfig.ProtectHostname = true;
-      mountConfig.RemoveIPC = true;
-      mountConfig.RestrictAddressFamilies = "AF_UNIX AF_INET AF_INET6";
-      #VVV this includes anything it reads from, e.g. /bin/sh; /nix/store/...
-      # see `systemd-analyze filesystems` for a full list
-      mountConfig.RestrictFileSystems = "@common-block @basic-api fuse";
-      mountConfig.RestrictRealtime = true;
-      mountConfig.RestrictSUIDSGID = true;
-      mountConfig.SystemCallArchitectures = "native";
-      mountConfig.SystemCallFilter = [
-        "@system-service"
-        "@mount"
-        "~@chown"
-        "~@cpu-emulation"
-        "~@keyring"
-        # could remove almost all io calls, however one has to keep `open`, and `write`, to communicate with the fuse device.
-        # so that's pretty useless as a way to prevent write access
-      ];
-      mountConfig.IPAddressDeny = "any";
-      mountConfig.IPAddressAllow = "10.0.10.5";
-      mountConfig.DevicePolicy = "closed";  # only allow /dev/{null,zero,full,random,urandom}
-      mountConfig.DeviceAllow = "/dev/fuse";
-      # mountConfig.RestrictNamespaces = true;
-    }];
-
-    systemd.targets."${systemdName}-restart-timer" = {
-      # hack unit which, when started, stops the timer (if running), and then starts it again.
-      after = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
-      conflicts = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
-      upholds = [ "${systemdName}.timer" ];
-      unitConfig.StopWhenUnneeded = true;
-    };
-    systemd.timers."${systemdName}" = {
-      timerConfig.Unit = "${systemdName}.mount";
-      timerConfig.AccuracySec = "2s";
-      timerConfig.OnActiveSec = [
-        # try to remount at these timestamps, backing off gradually
-        # there seems to be an implicit mount attempt at t=0.
-        "10s"
-        "30s"
-        "60s"
-        "120s"
-      ];
-      # cap the backoff to a fixed interval.
-      timerConfig.OnUnitActiveSec = [ "120s" ];
-    };
-  }
-
-  # this granularity of servo media mounts is necessary to support sandboxing. consider:
-  #   1. servo offline
-  #   2. launch a long-running app
-  #   3. servo comes online
-  # in order for the servo mount to be propagated into the app's namespace, we need to bind
-  # the root mountpoint into the app namespace. if we wish to only grant the app selective access
-  # to servo, we must create *multiple* mountpoints: /mnt/servo/FOO directories which always exist,
-  # and are individually bound to /mnt/.servo_ftp/FOO as the latter becomes available.
-  (remoteServo "media/archive")
-  (remoteServo "media/Books")
-  (remoteServo "media/collections")
-  # (remoteServo "media/datasets")
-  (remoteServo "media/games")
-  (remoteServo "media/Music")
-  (remoteServo "media/Pictures/macros")
-  (remoteServo "media/torrents")
-  (remoteServo "media/Videos")
-  (remoteServo "playground")
-]

hosts/common/home/fs.nix

@@ -6,19 +6,14 @@
     "dev"
     "ref"
     "use"
-    "Books/Audiobooks"
-    "Books/Books"
-    "Books/Visual"
     "Books/local"
     "Music"
-  ];
 
-  sane.user.persist.byStore.ephemeral = [
-    # this is persisted simply to save on RAM. mesa_shader_cache_db is < 10 MB per boot.
-    # TODO: see about removing this. the programs which benefit from shader caches should be configured to persist their _own_ dbs.
+    # this is persisted simply to save on RAM. mesa_shader_cache is < 10 MB per boot.
+    # TODO: integrate with sane.programs.sandbox?
+    ".cache/mesa_shader_cache"
     ".cache/mesa_shader_cache_db"
   ];
-
   sane.user.persist.byStore.private = [
     "archive"
     "Pictures/albums"
@@ -37,15 +32,9 @@
   sane.user.fs = let
     persistEnabled = config.sane.persist.enable;
   in {
-    ".persist/private" = lib.mkIf persistEnabled {
-       symlink.target = "${config.sane.persist.stores.private.origin}/home/${config.sane.defaultUser}";
-    };
-    ".persist/plaintext" = lib.mkIf persistEnabled {
-       symlink.target = "${config.sane.persist.stores.plaintext.origin}/home/${config.sane.defaultUser}";
-    };
-    ".persist/ephemeral" = lib.mkIf persistEnabled {
-       symlink.target = "${config.sane.persist.stores.ephemeral.origin}/home/${config.sane.defaultUser}";
-    };
+    ".persist/private" = lib.mkIf persistEnabled { symlink.target = config.sane.persist.stores.private.origin; };
+    ".persist/plaintext" = lib.mkIf persistEnabled { symlink.target = config.sane.persist.stores.plaintext.origin; };
+    ".persist/ephemeral" = lib.mkIf persistEnabled { symlink.target = config.sane.persist.stores.ephemeral.origin; };
 
     "nixos".symlink.target = "dev/nixos";
 

hosts/common/home/mime.nix

@@ -53,24 +53,19 @@ let
       (p: builtins.toString p.package)
       (enabledProgramsWithPackage ++ [ { package=mimeappsListPkg; } ]);
   }).overrideAttrs (orig: {
-    # like normal symlinkJoin, but don't error if the path doesn't exist.
-    # additionally, remove `DBusActivatable=true` from any .desktop files encountered;
-    # my dbus session is sandboxed such that it can't activate services even if i thought that was a good idea.
+    # like normal symlinkJoin, but don't error if the path doesn't exist
     buildCommand = ''
       mkdir -p $out/share/applications
       for i in $(cat $pathsPath); do
         if [ -e "$i/share/applications" ]; then
-          local files=($(cd "$i/share/applications"; ls .))
-          for f in "''${files[@]}"; do
-            sed '/DBusActivatable=true/d' $i/share/applications/$f > $out/share/applications/$f
-          done
+          ${pkgs.buildPackages.xorg.lndir}/bin/lndir -silent $i/share/applications $out/share/applications
         fi
       done
       runHook postBuild
     '';
     postBuild = ''
       # rebuild `mimeinfo.cache`, used by file openers to show the list of *all* apps, not just the user's defaults.
-      ${lib.getExe' pkgs.buildPackages.desktop-file-utils "update-desktop-database"} $out/share/applications
+      ${pkgs.buildPackages.desktop-file-utils}/bin/update-desktop-database $out/share/applications
     '';
   });
 

hosts/common/hosts.nix

@@ -2,12 +2,6 @@
 
 {
   # TODO: this should be populated per-host
-
-  sane.hosts.by-name."cadey" = {
-    ssh.authorized = lib.mkDefault false;
-    lan-ip = "10.78.79.70";
-  };
-
   sane.hosts.by-name."crappy" = {
     ssh.user_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIMIvSQAGKqmymXIL4La9B00LPxBIqWAr5AsJxk3UQeY5";
     ssh.host_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIMN0cpRAloCBOE5/2wuzgik35iNDv5KLceWMCVaa7DIQ";
@@ -24,22 +18,14 @@
     lan-ip = "10.78.79.52";
   };
 
-  sane.hosts.by-name."flowy" = {
-    ssh.user_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIAa9U2+aUc5Kr6f2oeILAy2EC86W5OZSprmBb1F+8n7/";
-    ssh.host_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIMNuTITzc07mqYspWw6fqRw40ObxwnmWCwg188apHB/o";
-    wg-home.pubkey = "o6Vh+gHF87wAOOofgKKYIhV91kgDRnLvwnd5W2WHsDE=";
-    wg-home.ip = "10.0.10.56";
-    lan-ip = "10.78.79.56";
+  sane.hosts.by-name."lappy" = {
+    ssh.user_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIDpmFdNSVPRol5hkbbCivRhyeENzb9HVyf9KutGLP2Zu";
+    ssh.host_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAILSJnqmVl9/SYQ0btvGb0REwwWY8wkdkGXQZfn/1geEc";
+    wg-home.pubkey = "FTUWGw2p4/cEcrrIE86PWVnqctbv8OYpw8Gt3+dC/lk=";
+    wg-home.ip = "10.0.10.20";
+    lan-ip = "10.78.79.53";
   };
 
-  # sane.hosts.by-name."lappy" = {
-  #   ssh.user_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIDpmFdNSVPRol5hkbbCivRhyeENzb9HVyf9KutGLP2Zu";
-  #   ssh.host_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAILSJnqmVl9/SYQ0btvGb0REwwWY8wkdkGXQZfn/1geEc";
-  #   wg-home.pubkey = "FTUWGw2p4/cEcrrIE86PWVnqctbv8OYpw8Gt3+dC/lk=";
-  #   wg-home.ip = "10.0.10.20";
-  #   lan-ip = "10.78.79.53";
-  # };
-
   sane.hosts.by-name."moby" = {
     # ssh.authorized = lib.mkDefault false;  # moby's too easy to hijack: don't let it ssh places
     ssh.user_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAICrR+gePnl0nV/vy7I5BzrGeyVL+9eOuXHU1yNE3uCwU";
@@ -50,7 +36,7 @@
   };
 
   sane.hosts.by-name."servo" = {
-    # ssh.authorized = lib.mkDefault false;  # servo presents too many services to the internet: easy atack vector
+    ssh.authorized = lib.mkDefault false;  # servo presents too many services to the internet: easy atack vector
     ssh.user_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIPS1qFzKurAdB9blkWomq8gI1g0T3sTs9LsmFOj5VtqX";
     ssh.host_pubkey = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIOfdSmFkrVT6DhpgvFeQKm3Fh9VKZ9DbLYOPOJWYQ0E8";
     wg-home.pubkey = "roAw+IUFVtdpCcqa4khB385Qcv9l5JAB//730tyK4Wk=";

hosts/common/ids.nix

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 {
   # partially supported in nixpkgs  <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/misc/ids.nix>
   sane.ids.networkmanager.uid = 57;  #< nixpkgs unofficially reserves this, to match networkmanager's gid
-  sane.ids.mediatomb.uid = 187;  # <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/misc/ids.nix>
 
   # legacy servo users, some are inconvenient to migrate
   sane.ids.dhcpcd.gid = 991;
@@ -66,11 +65,6 @@
   sane.ids.plugdev.gid = 2421;
   sane.ids.ollama.uid = 2422;
   sane.ids.ollama.gid = 2422;
-  sane.ids.bitmagnet.uid = 2423;
-  sane.ids.bitmagnet.gid = 2423;
-  sane.ids.anubis.uid = 2424;
-  sane.ids.anubis.gid = 2424;
-  sane.ids.shelvacu.uid = 5431;
 
   sane.ids.colin.uid = 1000;
   sane.ids.guest.uid = 1100;
@@ -87,16 +81,6 @@
   sane.ids.wireshark.gid = 2006;
   sane.ids.nixremote.uid = 2007;
   sane.ids.nixremote.gid = 2007;
-  sane.ids.unbound.uid = 2008;
-  sane.ids.unbound.gid = 2008;
-  sane.ids.resolvconf.gid = 2009;
-  sane.ids.smartd.uid = 2010;
-  sane.ids.smartd.gid = 2010;
-  sane.ids.radicale.uid = 2011;
-  sane.ids.radicale.gid = 2011;
-  sane.ids.named.uid = 2012;
-  sane.ids.named.gid = 2012;
-  sane.ids.lpadmin.gid = 2013;
 
   # found on graphical hosts
   sane.ids.nm-iodine.uid = 2101;  # desko/moby/lappy

hosts/common/net/default.nix

@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@
 
 {
   imports = [
-    ./dns
+    ./dns.nix
     ./hostnames.nix
     ./modemmanager.nix
     ./networkmanager.nix
-    ./ntp.nix
     ./upnp.nix
     ./vpn.nix
   ];

hosts/common/net/dns.nix

@@ -20,14 +20,36 @@
 # - each namespace may use a different /etc/resolv.conf to specify different DNS servers
 # - nscd breaks namespacing: the host nscd is unaware of the guest's /etc/resolv.conf, and so directs the guest's DNS requests to the host's servers.
 #   - this is fixed by either removing `/var/run/nscd/socket` from the namespace, or disabling nscd altogether.
-{ config, pkgs, ... }:
+{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+lib.mkMerge [
 {
-  imports = [
-    ./bind.nix
-    ./hickory-dns.nix
-    ./unbound.nix
+  sane.services.hickory-dns.enable = lib.mkDefault config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver;
+  sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver = lib.mkDefault true;
+}
+(lib.mkIf (!config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver) {
+  # use systemd's stub resolver.
+  # /etc/resolv.conf isn't sophisticated enough to use different servers per net namespace (or link).
+  # instead, running the stub resolver on a known address in the root ns lets us rewrite packets
+  # in servo's ovnps namespace to use the provider's DNS resolvers.
+  # a weakness is we can only query 1 NS at a time (unless we were to clone the packets?)
+  # TODO: improve hickory-dns recursive resolver and then remove this
+  services.resolved.enable = true;  #< to disable, set ` = lib.mkForce false`, as other systemd features default to enabling `resolved`.
+  # without DNSSEC:
+  # - dig matrix.org => works
+  # - curl https://matrix.org => works
+  # with default DNSSEC:
+  # - dig matrix.org => works
+  # - curl https://matrix.org => fails
+  # i don't know why. this might somehow be interfering with the DNS run on this device (hickory-dns)
+  services.resolved.dnssec = "false";
+  networking.nameservers = [
+    # use systemd-resolved resolver
+    # full resolver (which understands /etc/hosts) lives on 127.0.0.53
+    # stub resolver (just forwards upstream) lives on 127.0.0.54
+    "127.0.0.53"
   ];
-
+})
+{
   # nscd -- the Name Service Caching Daemon -- caches DNS query responses
   # in a way that's unaware of my VPN routing, so routes are frequently poor against
   # services which advertise different IPs based on geolocation.
@@ -50,7 +72,6 @@
   services.nscd.enable = false;
   # system.nssModules = lib.mkForce [];
   sane.silencedAssertions = [''.*Loading NSS modules from system.nssModules.*requires services.nscd.enable being set to true.*''];
-
   # add NSS modules into their own subdirectory.
   # then i can add just the NSS modules library path to the global LD_LIBRARY_PATH, rather than ALL of /run/current-system/sw/lib.
   # TODO: i'm doing this so as to achieve mdns DNS resolution (avahi). it would be better to just have hickory-dns delegate .local to avahi
@@ -69,3 +90,4 @@
   environment.variables.LD_LIBRARY_PATH = [ "/run/current-system/sw/lib/nss" ];
   systemd.globalEnvironment.LD_LIBRARY_PATH = "/run/current-system/sw/lib/nss";  #< specifically for `geoclue.service`
 }
+]

hosts/common/net/dns/bind.nix

@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-# debugging:
-# - /var/log/named/named.log
-## config
-# - `man named`
-# - `man named.conf`
-#   - show defaults with: `named -C`
-#   - defaults live in <repo:isc-projects/bind:bin/named/config.c>
-#   - per-option docs live in <repo:isc-projects/bind:bind9/doc/arm/reference.rst>
-#
-## statistics
-# - `netstat --statistics --udp`
-# - `rdnc stats`? dumps to `named.stats` in named's PWD?
-#
-## interactive debugging
-# - `systemctl stop bind`
-# - `sudo /nix/store/0zpdy93sd3fgbxgvf8dsxhn8fbbya8d2-bind-9.18.28/sbin/named -g -u named -4 -c /nix/store/f1mp0myzmfms71h9vinwxpn2i9362a9a-named.conf`
-#   - `-g` = don't fork
-#   - `-u named` = start as superuser (to claim port 53), then drop to user `named`
-#
-{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
-let
-  hostCfg = config.sane.hosts.by-name."${config.networking.hostName}" or null;
-  bindCfg = config.services.bind;
-in
-{
-  config = lib.mkIf (!config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver) {
-    services.resolved.enable = lib.mkForce false;
-
-    networking.nameservers = [
-      # be compatible with systemd-resolved
-      # "127.0.0.53"
-      # or don't be compatible with systemd-resolved, but with libc and pasta instead
-      #   see <pkgs/by-name/sane-scripts/src/sane-vpn>
-      "127.0.0.1"
-      # enable IPv6, or don't; unbound is spammy when IPv6 is enabled but unroutable
-      # "::1"
-    ];
-
-    networking.resolvconf.extraConfig = ''
-      # DNS serviced by `BIND` recursive resolver
-      name_servers='127.0.0.1'
-    '';
-
-    services.bind.enable = lib.mkDefault true;
-    services.bind.forwarders = [];  #< don't forward queries to upstream resolvers
-    services.bind.cacheNetworks = [
-      "127.0.0.0/24"
-      "::1/128"
-      "10.0.10.0/24"  #< wireguard clients (servo)
-    ];
-    services.bind.listenOn = [
-      "127.0.0.1"
-    ] ++ lib.optionals (hostCfg != null && hostCfg.wg-home.ip != null) [
-      # allow wireguard clients to use us as a recursive resolver (only needed for servo)
-      hostCfg.wg-home.ip
-    ];
-    services.bind.listenOnIpv6 = [
-      # "::1"
-    ];
-
-    services.bind.ipv4Only = true;  # unbound is spammy when it tries IPv6 without a routable address
-
-    # when testing, deploy on a port other than 53
-    # services.bind.extraOptions = ''
-    #   listen-on port 953 { any; };
-    # '';
-
-    # services.bind.extraArgs = [
-    #   # -d = debug logging level: higher = more verbose
-    #   "-d" "2"
-    #   # -L = where to log. default is `named.run` in PWD -- unless running interactively in which case it logs to stdout
-    #   "-L" "/var/log/named/named.log"
-    # ];
-
-    networking.resolvconf.useLocalResolver = false;  #< we manage resolvconf explicitly, above
-
-    # TODO: how to exempt `pool.ntp.org` from DNSSEC checks, as i did when using unbound?
-
-    # allow runtime insertion of zones or other config changes:
-    # add your supplemental config as a toplevel file in /run/named/dhcp-configs/, then `systemctl restart bind`
-    services.bind.extraConfig = ''
-      include "/run/named/dhcp-configs.conf";
-    '';
-    services.bind.extraOptions = ''
-      // we can't guarantee that all forwarders support DNSSEC,
-      // and as of 2025-01-30 BIND9 gives no way to disable DNSSEC per-forwarder/zone,
-      // so just disable it globally
-      dnssec-validation no;
-      // XXX(2025-06-30): i need reverse DNS of private IP space such as 10.0.0.0/8.
-      // configuring those zones (done in a secrets/ file), unfortunately requires disabling
-      // ALL local entries for reserved zones (IN-ADDR.ARPA, IP6.ARPA, EMPTY.AS112.ARPA, HOME.ARPA, RESOLVER.ARPA).
-      // TODO: figure a better solution, as this likely causes reverse-DNS queries of LAN hosts to be sent to the WAN!
-      // - see <https://www.as112.net/>
-      empty-zones-enable no;
-    '';
-    # re-implement the nixos default bind config, but without `options { forwarders { }; };`,
-    # as having an empty `forwarders` at the top-level prevents me from forwarding the `.` zone in a separate statement
-    # (which i want to do to allow sane-vpn to forward all DNS).
-    services.bind.configFile = pkgs.writeText "named.conf" ''
-      include "/etc/bind/rndc.key";
-      controls {
-        inet 127.0.0.1 allow {localhost;} keys {"rndc-key";};
-      };
-
-      acl cachenetworks { ${lib.concatMapStrings (entry: " ${entry}; ") bindCfg.cacheNetworks} };
-      acl badnetworks { ${lib.concatMapStrings (entry: " ${entry}; ") bindCfg.blockedNetworks} };
-
-      options {
-        listen-on { ${lib.concatMapStrings (entry: " ${entry}; ") bindCfg.listenOn} };
-        listen-on-v6 { ${lib.concatMapStrings (entry: " ${entry}; ") bindCfg.listenOnIpv6} };
-        allow-query-cache { cachenetworks; };
-        blackhole { badnetworks; };
-        //v disable top-level forwards, so that i can do forwarding more generically in `zone FOO { ... }` directives.
-        // forward ${bindCfg.forward};
-        // forwarders { ${lib.concatMapStrings (entry: " ${entry}; ") bindCfg.forwarders} };
-        directory "${bindCfg.directory}";
-        pid-file "/run/named/named.pid";
-        ${bindCfg.extraOptions}
-      };
-
-      // XXX(2025-06-18): some tools i use for work assume 'localhost' can be resolved by the system nameserver,
-      // and not just by /etc/hosts
-      zone "localhost" {
-        type master;
-        file "${pkgs.writeText "localhost" ''
-          $TTL 300
-          @               IN      SOA     localhost. root.localhost. (
-                                          202506181       ; Serial
-                                          28800   ; Refresh
-                                          7200    ; Retry
-                                          604800  ; Expire
-                                          86400)  ; Minimum TTL
-                                  NS      localhost.
-
-          localhost.              A        127.0.0.1
-                                  AAAA     ::1
-        ''}";
-      };
-
-      ${bindCfg.extraConfig}
-    '';
-
-    systemd.services.bind.serviceConfig.ExecStartPre = pkgs.writeShellScript "named-generate-config" ''
-      mkdir -p /run/named/dhcp-configs
-      chmod g+w /run/named/dhcp-configs
-      echo "// FILE GENERATED BY bind.service's ExecStartPre: CHANGES TO THIS FILE WILL BE OVERWRITTEN" > /run/named/dhcp-configs.conf
-      for c in $(ls /run/named/dhcp-configs/); do
-        cat "/run/named/dhcp-configs/$c" >> /run/named/dhcp-configs.conf
-      done
-    '';
-    systemd.services.bind.serviceConfig.ReadWritePaths = [
-      "/var/log/named"
-    ];
-
-    sane.persist.sys.byPath."/var/log/named" = {
-      store = "ephemeral";
-      method = "symlink";
-      acl.mode = "0750";
-      acl.user = "named";
-    };
-  };
-}

hosts/common/net/dns/hickory-dns.nix

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-{ config, lib, ... }:
-lib.mkIf false  #< XXX(2024-10-xx): hickory-dns recursive resolution is too immature; switched to `unbound`
-(lib.mkMerge [
- {
-   sane.services.hickory-dns.enable = lib.mkDefault config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver;
-   # sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver = lib.mkDefault true;
- }
- (lib.mkIf (!config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver && config.sane.services.hickory-dns.enable) {
-   # use systemd's stub resolver.
-   # /etc/resolv.conf isn't sophisticated enough to use different servers per net namespace (or link).
-   # instead, running the stub resolver on a known address in the root ns lets us rewrite packets
-   # in servo's ovnps namespace to use the provider's DNS resolvers.
-   # a weakness is we can only query 1 NS at a time (unless we were to clone the packets?)
-   # TODO: improve hickory-dns recursive resolver and then remove this
-   services.resolved.enable = true;  #< to disable, set ` = lib.mkForce false`, as other systemd features default to enabling `resolved`.
-   # without DNSSEC:
-   # - dig matrix.org => works
-   # - curl https://matrix.org => works
-   # with default DNSSEC:
-   # - dig matrix.org => works
-   # - curl https://matrix.org => fails
-   # i don't know why. this might somehow be interfering with the DNS run on this device (hickory-dns)
-   services.resolved.dnssec = "false";
-   networking.nameservers = [
-     # use systemd-resolved resolver
-     # full resolver (which understands /etc/hosts) lives on 127.0.0.53
-     # stub resolver (just forwards upstream) lives on 127.0.0.54
-     "127.0.0.53"
-   ];
- })
-])

hosts/common/net/dns/unbound.nix

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-# `man unbound.conf` for info on settings
-# it's REALLY EASY to combine settings in a way that produce bad effects.
-# generally, prefer to stay close to defaults unless there's a compelling reason to differ.
-{ config, lib, ... }:
-lib.optionalAttrs false  #< XXX(2024-12-29): unbound caches failed DNS resolutions, just randomly breaks connectivity daily
-{
-  config = lib.mkIf (!config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver) {
-    services.resolved.enable = lib.mkForce false;
-
-    networking.nameservers = [
-      # be compatible with systemd-resolved
-      # "127.0.0.53"
-      # or don't be compatible with systemd-resolved, but with libc and pasta instead
-      #   see <pkgs/by-name/sane-scripts/src/sane-vpn>
-      "127.0.0.1"
-      # enable IPv6, or don't, because having just a single name server makes monkey-patching it easier
-      # "::1"
-    ];
-    networking.resolvconf.extraConfig = ''
-      # DNS serviced by `unbound` recursive resolver
-      name_servers='127.0.0.1'
-    '';
-
-    # resolve DNS recursively with Unbound.
-    services.unbound.enable = lib.mkDefault true;
-    services.unbound.resolveLocalQueries = false;  #< disable, so that i can manage networking.nameservers manually
-    services.unbound.settings.server.interface = [ "127.0.0.1" ];
-    services.unbound.settings.server.access-control = [ "127.0.0.0/8 allow" ];
-
-    # allow control via `unbound-control`. user must be a member of the `unbound` Unix group.
-    services.unbound.localControlSocketPath = "/run/unbound/unbound.ctl";
-
-    # exempt `pool.ntp.org` from DNSSEC checks to avoid a circular dependency between DNS resolution and NTP.
-    # without this, if the RTC fails, then both time and DNS are unrecoverable.
-    services.unbound.settings.server.domain-insecure = config.networking.timeServers;
-
-    # XXX(2024-12-03): BUG: during boot (before network is up), or during network blips, Unbound will
-    # receive a query, fail to evaluate it, and then resolve future identical queries with a no-answers response for the next ~15m.
-    # this *appears* to be some bug in Unbound's "infra-cache", as evidenced by `unbound-control flush_infra all`.
-    #
-    # the infra cache is a per-nameserver liveness and latency cache which Unbound uses to decide which of N applicable nameservers to route a given query to.
-    #
-    # there is apparently NO simple solution.
-    # the closest fix is to reduce the TTL of the infra-cache (`infra-host-ttl`) so as to limit the duration of this error.
-    # tried, but failed fixes:
-    # - server.harden-dnssec-stripped = false
-    # - services.unbound.enableRootTrustAnchor = false;  #< disable DNSSEC
-    #   - server.trust-anchor-file = "${pkgs.dns-root-data}/root.key";  #< hardcode root keys instead of dynamically probing them
-    # - server.disable-dnssec-lame-check = true;
-    # - server.infra-keep-probing = true;  #< if unbound fails to reach a host (NS), it by default *does not try again* for 900s. keep-probing tells it to keep trying, with a backoff.
-    # - server.infra-cache-min-rtt = 1000;
-    # - server.infra-cache-max-rtt = 1000;
-    #
-    # see also:
-    # - <https://forum.opnsense.org/index.php?topic=32852.0>
-    # - <https://unbound.docs.nlnetlabs.nl/en/latest/reference/history/info-timeout-server-selection.html>
-    #
-    services.unbound.settings.server.infra-host-ttl = 30;  #< cache each NS's liveness for a max of 30s
-
-    # perf tuning; see: <https://unbound.docs.nlnetlabs.nl/en/latest/topics/core/performance.html>
-    # resource usage:
-    # - defaults (num-threads = 1; so-{rcvbuf,sndbuf} = 0, prefetch = false): 12.7M memory usage
-    # - num-threads = 2: 17.2M memory usage
-    # - num-threads = 4: 26.2M memory usage
-    # - num-threads = 4; so-{rcvbuf,sndbuf}=4m: 26.7M memory usage
-    # - prefetch = true: no increased memory; supposed 10% increase in traffic
-    #
-    # # i suspect most operations are async; the only serialized bits are either CPU or possibly local IO (i.e. syscalls to write sockets).
-    # # threading is probably only rarely helpful
-    # services.unbound.settings.server.num-threads = 4;
-    #
-    # higher so-rcvbuf means less likely to drop client queries...
-    # default is `cat /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default`, i.e. 208k
-    # services.unbound.settings.server.so-rcvbuf = "1m";
-    # services.unbound.settings.server.so-sndbuf = "1m";
-    #
-    # `prefetch`: prefetch RRs which are about to expire from the cache, to keep them primed.
-    # services.unbound.settings.server.prefetch = true;
-
-    # if a resolution fails, or takes excessively long, reply with expired cache entries
-    # see: <https://unbound.docs.nlnetlabs.nl/en/latest/topics/core/serve-stale.html#rfc-8767>
-    services.unbound.settings.server.serve-expired = true;
-    services.unbound.settings.server.serve-expired-ttl = 86400;  #< don't serve any records more outdated than this
-    services.unbound.settings.server.serve-expired-client-timeout = 2800;  #< only serve expired records if the client has been waiting this long, ms
-
-    # `cache-max-negative-ttl`: intended to limit damage during networking flakes, but instead seems to cause unbound to cache error responses it *wouldn't* otherwise cache
-    # services.unbound.settings.server.cache-max-negative-ttl = 60;
-
-    # `user-caps-for-id`: randomizes casing to avoid spoofing, but causes unbound to reply with no results to queries after boot (likely a infra-cache issue)
-    # services.unbound.settings.server.use-caps-for-id = true;
-  };
-}
-

hosts/common/net/networkmanager.nix

@@ -1,10 +1,29 @@
-{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
-{
+{ config, pkgs, ... }:
+let
+  # networkmanager = pkgs.networkmanager;
+  networkmanager = pkgs.networkmanager.overrideAttrs (upstream: {
+    # src = pkgs.fetchFromGitea {
+    #   domain = "git.uninsane.org";
+    #   owner = "colin";
+    #   repo = "NetworkManager";
+    #   # patched to fix polkit permissions (with `nmcli`) when NetworkManager runs as user networkmanager
+    #   rev = "dev-sane-1.48.0";
+    #   hash = "sha256-vGmOKtwVItxjYioZJlb1og3K6u9s4rcmDnjAPLBC3ao=";
+    # };
+    patches = (upstream.patches or []) ++ [
+      (pkgs.fetchpatch {
+        name = "polkit: add owner annotations to all actions";
+        url = "https://git.uninsane.org/colin/NetworkManager/commit/a01293861fa24201ffaeb84c07f1c71136c49759.patch";
+        hash = "sha256-th1/M2slo7rjkVBwETZII53Lmhyw8OMS0aT9QYI5Uvk=";
+      })
+    ];
+  });
+  # split the package into `daemon` and `nmcli` outputs, because the networkmanager *service*
+  # doesn't need `nmcli`/`nmtui` tooling
+  networkmanager-split = pkgs.networkmanager-split.override { inherit networkmanager; };
+in {
   networking.networkmanager.enable = true;
-  # systemd-networkd-wait-online.service reliably fails on lappy. docs don't match behavior. shit software.
-  # XXX(2025-07-18): `systemd-networkd-wait-online.service` also fails on desko (timeout).
-  systemd.network.wait-online.enable = false;
-
+  systemd.network.wait-online.enable = false;  # systemd-networkd-wait-online.service reliably fails on lappy. docs don't match behavior. shit software.
   # plugins mostly add support for establishing different VPN connections.
   # the default plugin set includes mostly proprietary VPNs:
   # - fortisslvpn (Fortinet)
@@ -17,9 +36,10 @@
   #
   # i don't use these, and notably they drag in huge dependency sets and don't cross compile well.
   # e.g. openconnect drags in webkitgtk (for SSO)!
-  networking.networkmanager.plugins = lib.mkForce [];
+  # networking.networkmanager.plugins = lib.mkForce [];
+  networking.networkmanager.enableDefaultPlugins = false;
 
-  networking.networkmanager.package = pkgs.networkmanager-split.daemon.overrideAttrs (upstream: {
+  networking.networkmanager.package = networkmanager-split.daemon.overrideAttrs (upstream: {
     # postPatch = (upstream.postPatch or "") + ''
     #   substituteInPlace src/{core/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager,nm-dispatcher/nm-dispatcher}.conf --replace-fail \
     #     'user="root"' 'user="networkmanager"'
@@ -48,23 +68,15 @@
     serviceConfig.User = "networkmanager";
     serviceConfig.Group = "networkmanager";
     serviceConfig.AmbientCapabilities = [
-      "CAP_KILL"  #< required, else `nmcli d disconnect blah` says "Unable to determine UID of the request"
       "CAP_NET_ADMIN"
       "CAP_NET_RAW"
       "CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE"
-
-      # "CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE"
-      # "CAP_SYS_MODULE"
-      # "CAP_AUDIT_WRITE"  #< allow writing to the audit log (optional)
-      # "CAP_KILL"
     ];
     serviceConfig.CapabilityBoundingSet = [
-      "CAP_KILL"  #< required, else `nmcli d disconnect blah` says "Unable to determine UID of the request"
+      # "CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE"
       "CAP_NET_ADMIN"
       "CAP_NET_RAW"  #< required, else `libndp: ndp_sock_open: Failed to create ICMP6 socket.`
       "CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE"  #< this *does* seem to be necessary, though i don't understand why. DHCP?
-
-      # "CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE"
       # "CAP_SYS_MODULE"
       # "CAP_AUDIT_WRITE"  #< allow writing to the audit log (optional)
       # "CAP_KILL"
@@ -130,7 +142,7 @@
     #VVV so that /var/lib/hickory-dns will exist (the hook needs to write here).
     # but this creates a cycle: hickory-dns-localhost > network.target > NetworkManager-dispatcher > hickory-dns-localhost.
     # (seemingly) impossible to remove the network.target dep on NetworkManager-dispatcher.
-    # before would be to have the dispatcher not write hickory-dns files
+    # beffore would be to have the dispatcher not write hickory-dns files
     # but rather just its own, and create a .path unit which restarts hickory-dns appropriately.
     # after = [ "hickory-dns-localhost.service" ];
     # serviceConfig.ExecStart = [
@@ -206,7 +218,6 @@
   };
 
   networking.networkmanager.settings = {
-    # docs: `man 5 NetworkManager.conf`
     # keyfile.path = where networkmanager should look for connection credentials
     keyfile.path = "/var/lib/NetworkManager/system-connections";
 
@@ -218,30 +229,18 @@
 
     # main.dhcp = "internal";  #< default
     # main.dns controls what to do when NM gets a DNS server via DHCP
-    # - "default": NM manages /etc/resolv.conf itself.
-    # - "none": NM doesn't manage /etc/resolv.conf, but does populate /run/NetworkManager/resolv.conf with DHCP settings
-    # - "systemd-resolved": tell systemd-resolved about it, and point /run/NetworkManager/resolv.conf -> systemd
-    #   - without this, systemd-resolved won't be able to resolve anything (because it has no upstream servers)
-    # - (empty): perform a best-guess for how to manage /etc/resolv.conf
-    #   -> if /etc/resolv.conf is a symlink to systemd-resolved, then behaves as "systemd-resolved".
-    #   -> else, behaves as "default".
+    # - "none"  (populate /run/NetworkManager/resolv.conf with DHCP settings)
+    # - "internal" (?)
+    # - "systemd-resolved" (tell systemd-resolved about it, and point /run/NetworkManager/resolv.conf -> systemd)
+    #   without this, systemd-resolved won't be able to resolve anything (because it has no upstream servers)
     # note that NM's resolv.conf isn't (necessarily) /etc/resolv.conf -- that is managed by nixos (via symlinking)
-    main.dns = let
-      dns = if config.services.resolved.enable then
+    main.dns = if config.services.resolved.enable then
       "systemd-resolved"
-      else if
-        (config.sane.services.hickory-dns.enable && config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver)
-        || (config.services.unbound.enable && config.services.unbound.resolveLocalQueries)
-        || config.services.bind.enable  # bind config isn't easily inspectable; assume that it's acting as local resolver
-      then
+    else if config.sane.services.hickory-dns.enable && config.sane.services.hickory-dns.asSystemResolver then
       "none"
     else
-        # omitting the option instructs NM to do a "best guess".
-        # this is nearly equivalent to "default", however NM will do checks like "is /etc/resolv.conf a symlink to systemd-resolved", etc,
-        # to actually try to understand the environment.
-        null
+      "internal"
     ;
-    in lib.mkIf (dns != null) dns;
     main.systemd-resolved = false;
   };
   environment.etc."NetworkManager/system-connections".source = "/var/lib/NetworkManager/system-connections";

hosts/common/net/ntp.nix

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-# NTP and DNS/DNSSEC have a chicken-and-egg issue:
-# - NTP needs to resolve DNS to know how to query the servers (`0.nixos.pool.ntp.org`, etc)
-# - DNS needs to have a semi-accurate clock to validate DNSSEC for resolutions
-#
-# nixos and systemd-timesyncd overcome this in the default installation by:
-# - setting `SYSTEMD_NSS_RESOLVE_VALIDATE=0` in the systemd-timesyncd.service unit file
-# - systemd nss module which plumbs that to systemd-resolved
-# that ONLY WORKS if using systemd-resolved.
-#
-# my alternative fix here is to hardcode a list of fallback NTP IP addresses, to use when DNS resolution of the primaries fails.
-#
-# lastly, the clock can be manually set:
-# - `systemctl stop systemd-timesyncd`
-# - `sudo timedatectl --adjust-system-clock set-time '2024-01-01 00:00:01 UTC'`
-# - `systemctl start systemd-timesyncd`
-#
-# XXX(2024-12-03): i fixed the NTP-DNS circularity by exempting `pool.ntp.org` from DNSSEC validation in unbound conf
-{ config, ... }:
-{
-  # services.timesyncd.servers = config.networking.timeServers;
-  # services.timesyncd.fallbackServers = [
-  #   "129.6.15.28"  # time-a-g.nist.gov
-  #   "132.163.97.1"  # time-a-wwv.nist.gov
-  #   "132.163.96.1"  # time-a-b.nist.gov
-  #   "128.138.140.44"  # utcnist.colorado.edu
-  #   "162.159.200.1"  # time.cloudflare.com
-  # ];
-
-  # more feature-complete NTP implementations exist, like `chrony`, should i ever wish to also be a NTP **server**:
-  # services.chrony.enable = true;
-  # services.chrony.enableNTS = true;
-}

hosts/common/net/upnp.nix

@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
   ];
 
   networking.firewall.extraCommands = with pkgs; ''
-    # after an outgoing SSDP query to the multicast address (dest port=1900, src port=any),
-    # open FW for incoming responses (i.e. accept any packet, so long as it's sent to the port we sent from).
+    # after an outgoing SSDP query to the multicast address, open FW for incoming responses.
     # necessary for anything DLNA, especially go2tv
     # source: <https://serverfault.com/a/911286>
     # context: <https://github.com/alexballas/go2tv/issues/72>
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@
     ${ipset}/bin/ipset create -! upnp hash:ip,port timeout 10
     ${iptables}/bin/iptables -A OUTPUT -d 239.255.255.250/32 -p udp -m udp --dport 1900 -j SET --add-set upnp src,src --exist
     ${iptables}/bin/iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m set --match-set upnp dst,dst -j ACCEPT
-
     # IPv6 ruleset. ff02::/16 means *any* link-local multicast group (so this is probably more broad than it needs to be)
     ${ipset}/bin/ipset create -! upnp6 hash:ip,port timeout 10 family inet6
     ${iptables}/bin/ip6tables -A OUTPUT -d ff02::/16 -p udp -m udp --dport 1900 -j SET --add-set upnp6 src,src --exist

hosts/common/nix.nix

@@ -55,17 +55,7 @@
   # this is actually a no-op, and the real action happens in assigning `nix.settings.nix-path`.
   nix.nixPath = (lib.optionals (config.sane.maxBuildCost >= 2) [
     "nixpkgs=${pkgs.path}"
-  ]) ++ (let
-    # XXX(2024-09-02): nix 2.24.4 errors when nixpkgs-overlays includes a symlink component:
-    # "error: path '/home/colin/dev' is a symlink"
-    # apparently nix has to explicitly handle symlinks in every place it might encounter them,
-    # so the fixes inside nix for this are manual and fragile. dereference it ourselves:
-    dev = if (config.sane.fs."/home/colin/dev" or {}) != {} then
-      config.sane.fs."/home/colin/dev".symlink.target
-    else
-      "/home/colin/dev"
-    ;
-  in [
+  ]) ++ [
     # note the import starts at repo root: this allows `./overlay/default.nix` to access the stuff at the root
     # "nixpkgs-overlays=${../../..}/hosts/common/nix-path/overlay"
     # as long as my system itself doesn't rely on NIXPKGS at runtime, we can point the overlays to git
@@ -75,8 +65,12 @@
     # when it goes wrong. should i port my `nix-shell` scripts to something more tailored to my uses
     # and then delete `nixpkgs-overlays`?
     # "nixpkgs-overlays=/home/colin/dev/nixos/integrations/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-overlays.nix"
-    "nixpkgs-overlays=${dev}/nixos/integrations/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-overlays.nix"
-  ]);
+    # XXX(2024-09-02): nix 2.24.4 errors when nixpkgs-overlays includes a symlink component:
+    # "error: path '/home/colin/dev' is a symlink"
+    # apparently nix has to explicitly handle symlinks in every place it might encounter them,
+    # so the fixes inside nix for this are manual and fragile. dereference it ourselves:
+    "nixpkgs-overlays=${config.sane.fs."/home/colin/dev".symlink.target}/nixos/integrations/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-overlays.nix"
+  ];
 
   # ensure new deployments have a source of this repo with which they can bootstrap.
   # this however changes on every commit and can be slow to copy for e.g. `moby`.

hosts/common/polyunfill.nix

@@ -6,15 +6,11 @@ let
     # nixpkgs' pam hardcodes unix_chkpwd path to the /run/wrappers one,
     # but i don't want the wrapper, so undo that.
     # ideally i would patch this via an overlay, but pam is in the bootstrap so that forces a full rebuild.
-    # see: <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:pkgs/by-name/li/linux-pam/package.nix>
-    postPatch = (upstream.postPatch or "") + ''
-      substituteInPlace modules/module-meson.build --replace-fail \
+    postPatch = (if upstream.postPatch != null then upstream.postPatch else "") + ''
+      substituteInPlace modules/pam_unix/Makefile.am --replace-fail \
         "/run/wrappers/bin/unix_chkpwd" "$out/bin/unix_chkpwd"
     '';
   });
-  # `mkDefault` is `mkOverride 1000`.
-  # `mkOverrideDefault` will override `mkDefault` values, but not ordinary values.
-  mkOverrideDefault = lib.mkOverride 900;
 in
 {
   # remove a few items from /run/wrappers we don't need.
@@ -63,7 +59,7 @@ in
       "userdel"
       "usermod"
       # from <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/system/boot/systemd/user.nix>
-      # "systemd-user"  #< N.B.: this causes the `systemd --user` service manager to fail 224/PAM!
+      "systemd-user"  #< N.B.: this causes the `systemd --user` service manager to not be started!
     ]));
   };
 
@@ -110,7 +106,6 @@ in
       conveniencePackages = [
         config.boot.kernelPackages.cpupower  # <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/tasks/cpu-freq.nix> places it on PATH for convenience if powerManagement.cpuFreqGovernor is set
         pkgs.kbd  # <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/config/console.nix>  places it on PATH as part of console/virtual TTYs, but probably not needed unless you want to set console fonts
-        pkgs.nixos-firewall-tool  # <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/services/networking/firewall.nix>  for end-user management of the firewall? cool but doesn't cross-compile
       ];
     in lib.filter (p: ! builtins.elem p (requiredPackages ++ conveniencePackages));
   };
@@ -139,20 +134,11 @@ in
     environment.variables.NIXPKGS_CONFIG = lib.mkForce "";
     # XDG_CONFIG_DIRS defaults to "/etc/xdg", which doesn't exist.
     # in practice, pam appends the values i want to XDG_CONFIG_DIRS, though this approach causes an extra leading `:`
-    # XXX(2025-06-06): some nixpkgs' systemd services actually depend on the default XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=/etc/xdg!
-    # specifically: `services.bitmagnet`
-    # environment.sessionVariables.XDG_CONFIG_DIRS = lib.mkForce [];
+    environment.sessionVariables.XDG_CONFIG_DIRS = lib.mkForce [];
     # XCURSOR_PATH: defaults to `[ "$HOME/.icons" "$HOME/.local/share/icons" ]`, neither of which i use, just adding noise.
     # see: <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/config/xdg/icons.nix>
     environment.sessionVariables.XCURSOR_PATH = lib.mkForce [];
 
-    environment.shellAliases = {
-      # unset default aliases; see <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/config/shells-environment.nix>
-      ls = mkOverrideDefault null;
-      ll = mkOverrideDefault null;
-      l = mkOverrideDefault null;
-    };
-
     # disable nixos' portal module, otherwise /share/applications gets linked into the system and complicates things (sandboxing).
     # instead, i manage portals myself via the sane.programs API (e.g. sane.programs.xdg-desktop-portal).
     xdg.portal.enable = false;
@@ -165,6 +151,7 @@ in
 
     # nix.channel.enable: populates `/nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/channels`, `/root/.nix-channels`, `$HOME/.nix-defexpr/channels`
     #   <repo:nixos/nixpkgs:nixos/modules/config/nix-channel.nix>
+    # TODO: may want to recreate NIX_PATH, nix.settings.nix-path
     nix.channel.enable = false;
 
     # environment.stub-ld: populate /lib/ld-linux.so with an object that unconditionally errors on launch,

hosts/common/programs/aerc.nix

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 # Terminal UI mail client
-{ pkgs, ... }:
+{ ... }:
 
 {
   sane.programs.aerc = {
-    packageUnwrapped = pkgs.aerc.override {
-      withNotmuch = false;  #< not used; regularly fails to build
-    };
+    sandbox.method = "bunpen";
     sandbox.wrapperType = "inplace";  #< /share/aerc/aerc.conf mentions (in comments) other (non-sandboxed) /share files by absolute path
     sandbox.net = "clearnet";
     secrets.".config/aerc/accounts.conf" = ../../../secrets/common/aerc_accounts.conf.bin;

hosts/common/programs/alacritty.nix

@@ -26,9 +26,6 @@ in
       [font]
       size = ${builtins.toString cfg.config.fontSize}
 
-      [cursor.style]
-      blinking = "Always"
-
       [[keyboard.bindings]]
       mods = "Control"
       key = "N"

hosts/common/programs/alpaca.nix

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-# alpaca: ollama llm client
-# - super simple, easy UI
-#
-# shortcomings (as of 6.1.7, 2025-07-23):
-# - doesn't seem to do any prompt tuning;
-#   inherits all the pathologies of the underlying model (e.g. makes up citations)
-#
-# it creates a config dir, `~/.config/com.jeffser.Alpaca`, but apparently empty
-#
-# TODO: configure ollama connection details statically
-# - until then, on first run:
-#   - select the non-"managed" ollama option.
-#   - connect to http://10.0.10.22:11434
-# TODO: update the nix package 6.1.7 -> 7.5.2
-# - i.e. review <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/420698>
-{ pkgs, ... }:
-{
-  sane.programs.alpaca = {
-    packageUnwrapped = (pkgs.alpaca.override {
-      # ollama is only added to `PATH`; since i'm using it via http, remove it here.
-      # fixes cross compilation & simplifies closure.
-      ollama = null;
-      python3Packages = pkgs.python3Packages // {
-        # XXX(2025-07-23): does not cross compile (markitdown -> pydub -> ... -> opencv)
-        markitdown = null;
-      };
-    }).overrideAttrs (upstream: {
-      postPatch = (upstream.postPatch or "") + ''
-        # for nulled dependencies (above), patch so the application only errors
-        # at runtime, on first attempted use.
-        substituteInPlace src/widgets/attachments.py \
-          --replace-fail 'from markitdown' '# from markitdown'
-      '';
-    });
-    buildCost = 2;  #< liable to break cross during updates; not important enough to block deploy over
-
-    sandbox.net = "all";  # maybe only needs wireguard, actually
-    sandbox.whitelistWayland = true;
-    sandbox.mesaCacheDir = ".cache/com.jeffser.Alpaca/mesa";
-
-    sandbox.whitelistDbus.user.own = [ "com.jeffser.Alpaca" ];
-    sandbox.whitelistPortal = [
-      "OpenURI"
-    ];
-    sandbox.whitelistSendNotifications = true;
-
-    persist.byStore.ephemeral = [
-      ".cache/com.jeffser.Alpaca"  #< ?
-    ];
-
-    persist.byStore.private = [
-      # alpaca.db: sqlite3 database with the following tables:
-      # - attachment
-      # - chat
-      # - instances
-      # - message
-      # - model_preferences
-      # - preferences
-      # - tool_parameters
-      ".local/share/com.jeffser.Alpaca"
-    ];
-  };
-}

hosts/common/programs/alsa-ucm-conf/default.nix

@@ -1,30 +1,47 @@
 { config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
 let
   cfg = config.sane.programs.alsa-ucm-conf;
-  deprioritize = pkg: pkg.overrideAttrs (base: {
-      meta = (base.meta or {}) // {
-        # let the other alsa ucm packages override configs from this one
-        priority = ((base.meta or {}).priority or 10) + 20;
-      };
-  });
-  alsa-ucm-latest = pkgs.alsa-ucm-conf.overrideAttrs (upstream: rec {
-    # XXX(2025-07-18): see <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/414818>
-    version = "1.2.14";
-    src = lib.warnIf (lib.versionAtLeast upstream.version "1.2.14") "upstream alsa-ucm-conf is up to date with my own: remove override?" pkgs.fetchurl {
-      url = "mirror://alsa/lib/alsa-ucm-conf-${version}.tar.bz2";
-      hash = "sha256-MumAn1ktkrl4qhAy41KTwzuNDx7Edfk3Aiw+6aMGnCE=";
-    };
-    installPhase = lib.replaceStrings
-      [ ''for file in "''${files[@]}"'' ]
-      [ ''for file in ucm2/common/ctl/led.conf'' ]
-      upstream.installPhase
-    ;
-  });
 in
 {
   sane.programs.alsa-ucm-conf = {
-    packageUnwrapped = deprioritize pkgs.alsa-ucm-conf;
-    # packageUnwrapped = deprioritize alsa-ucm-latest;
+    configOption = with lib; mkOption {
+      default = {};
+      type = types.submodule {
+        options.preferEarpiece = mkOption {
+          type = types.bool;
+          default = true;
+        };
+      };
+    };
+
+    # upstream alsa ships with PinePhone audio configs, but they don't actually produce sound.
+    # - still true as of 2024-08-20
+    # - see: <https://github.com/alsa-project/alsa-ucm-conf/pull/134>
+    # - see: <https://gitlab.com/postmarketOS/pmaports/-/issues/2115>
+    #
+    # we can substitute working UCM conf in two ways:
+    # 1. nixpkgs' override for the `alsa-ucm-conf` package
+    #   - that forces a rebuild of ~500 packages (including webkitgtk).
+    # 2. set ALSA_CONFIG_UCM2 = /path/to/ucm2 in the relevant places
+    #   - e.g. pulsewire service.
+    #   - easy to miss places, though.
+    #
+    # alsa-ucm-pinephone-manjaro (2024-05-26):
+    # - headphones work
+    # - "internal earpiece" works
+    # - "internal speaker" is silent (maybe hardware issue)
+    # - 3.5mm connection is flapping when playing to my car, which eventually breaks audio and requires restarting wireplumber
+    # packageUnwrapped = pkgs.alsa-ucm-pinephone-manjaro.override {
+    #   inherit (cfg.config) preferEarpiece;
+    # };
+    # alsa-ucm-pinephone-pmos (2024-05-26):
+    # - headphones work
+    # - "internal earpiece" works
+    # - "internal speaker" is silent (maybe hardware issue)
+    packageUnwrapped = pkgs.alsa-ucm-pinephone-pmos.override {
+      inherit (cfg.config) preferEarpiece;
+    };
+
     sandbox.enable = false;  #< only provides $out/share/alsa
 
     # alsa-lib package only looks in its $out/share/alsa to find runtime config data, by default.
@@ -32,8 +49,6 @@ in
     # this is particularly needed by wireplumber;
     #   also *maybe* pipewire and pipewire-pulse.
     # taken from <repo:nixos/mobile-nixos:modules/quirks/audio.nix>
-    # the other option is to `override` pkgs.alsa-ucm-conf,
-    # but that triggers 500+ rebuilds
     env.ALSA_CONFIG_UCM2 = "/run/current-system/sw/share/alsa/ucm2";
 
     enableFor.system = lib.mkIf (builtins.any (en: en) (builtins.attrValues cfg.enableFor.user)) true;

hosts/common/programs/animatch.nix

@@ -19,18 +19,20 @@
     packageUnwrapped = with pkgs; animatch.override {
       # allegro has no native wayland support, and so by default crashes when run without Xwayland.
       # enable the allegro SDL backend, and achieve Wayland support via SDL's Wayland support.
-      allegro5 = allegro5.override { useSDL = true; };
+      # TODO: see about upstreaming this to nixpkgs?
+      allegro5 = allegro5.overrideAttrs (upstream: {
+        buildInputs = upstream.buildInputs ++ [
+          SDL2
+        ];
+        cmakeFlags = upstream.cmakeFlags ++ [
+          "-DALLEGRO_SDL=on"
+        ];
+      });
     };
-    # nativeBuildInputs = (upstream.nativeBuildInputs or []) ++ [
-    #   makeWrapper
-    # ];
-    # postFixup = (upstream.postFixup or "") + ''
-    #   wrapProgram $out/bin/animatch \
-    #     --set SDL_VIDEODRIVER wayland
-    # '';
 
     buildCost = 1;
 
+    sandbox.method = "bunpen";
     sandbox.whitelistWayland = true;
 
     persist.byStore.plaintext = [