nixpkgs/nixos/doc/manual/configuration/wireless.section.md

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# Wireless Networks {#sec-wireless}
For a desktop installation using NetworkManager (e.g., GNOME), you just
have to make sure the user is in the `networkmanager` group and you can
skip the rest of this section on wireless networks.
NixOS will start wpa_supplicant for you if you enable this setting:
```nix
networking.wireless.enable = true;
```
NixOS lets you specify networks for wpa_supplicant declaratively:
```nix
networking.wireless.networks = {
echelon = { # SSID with no spaces or special characters
psk = "abcdefgh";
};
"echelon's AP" = { # SSID with spaces and/or special characters
psk = "ijklmnop";
};
echelon = { # Hidden SSID
hidden = true;
psk = "qrstuvwx";
};
free.wifi = {}; # Public wireless network
};
```
Be aware that keys will be written to the nix store in plaintext! When
no networks are set, it will default to using a configuration file at
`/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf`. You should edit this file yourself to define
wireless networks, WPA keys and so on (see wpa_supplicant.conf(5)).
If you are using WPA2 you can generate pskRaw key using
`wpa_passphrase`:
```ShellSession
$ wpa_passphrase ESSID PSK
network={
ssid="echelon"
#psk="abcdefgh"
psk=dca6d6ed41f4ab5a984c9f55f6f66d4efdc720ebf66959810f4329bb391c5435
}
```
```nix
networking.wireless.networks = {
echelon = {
pskRaw = "dca6d6ed41f4ab5a984c9f55f6f66d4efdc720ebf66959810f4329bb391c5435";
};
};
```
or you can use it to directly generate the `wpa_supplicant.conf`:
```ShellSession
# wpa_passphrase ESSID PSK > /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
```
After you have edited the `wpa_supplicant.conf`, you need to restart the
wpa_supplicant service.
```ShellSession
# systemctl restart wpa_supplicant.service
```