Previously we allocated subuids automatically for all normal users.
Make this explicitly configurable, so that one can use this for system
users too (or explicitly disable for normal users). Also don't allocate
automatically by default if a user already has ranges specified statically.
This change makes it so that accessing config.users.groups.*.members isn't
empty by default, but instead contains all the users whose `extraGroups`
includes that group, allowing fancy things like
{ config, ... }: {
users.groups.libvirt.members = config.users.groups.wheel.members;
}
to add all users in the wheel group to the libvirt group
Things will get quite broken if an /etc/passwd entry contains a
colon (which terminates a field), or a newline (which terminates a
record). I know because I just accidentally made a user whose home
directory path contained a newline!
So let's make sure that can't happen.
As the only consequence of isSystemUser is that if the uid is null then
it's allocated below 500, if a user has uid = something below 500 then
we don't require isSystemUser to be set.
Motivation: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/112647
Since 03eaa48 added perl.withPackages, there is a canonical way to
create a perl interpreter from a list of libraries, for use in script
shebangs or generic build inputs. This method is declarative (what we
are doing is clear), produces short shebangs[1] and needs not to wrap
existing scripts.
Unfortunately there are a few exceptions that I've found:
1. Scripts that are calling perl with the -T switch. This makes perl
ignore PERL5LIB, which is what perl.withPackages is using to inform
the interpreter of the library paths.
2. Perl packages that depends on libraries in their own path. This
is not possible because perl.withPackages works at build time. The
workaround is to add `-I $out/${perl.libPrefix}` to the shebang.
In all other cases I propose to switch to perl.withPackages.
[1]: https://lwn.net/Articles/779997/
This cropped up, because I have a set-up where my work username is
different to my home desktop username, and I am using a parameterized
config for both, so I have something akin to
config.users.users.default-user = ...;
and using
config.users.users.default-user.{name, home}
in certain places to cope with this. Noticed my home-manager bought in
packages (which use the users.users.<name>.packages hence NixOS issue
not home-manager) weren't present.
configuration.nix(1) states
users.extraUsers.<name>.createHome
[...] If [...] the home directory already exists but is not
owned by the user, directory owner and group will be changed to
match the user.
i.e. ownership would change only if the user mismatched; the code
however ignores the owner, it is sufficient to enable `createHome`:
if ($u->{createHome}) {
make_path($u->{home}, { mode => 0700 }) if ! -e $u->{home};
chown $u->{uid}, $u->{gid}, $u->{home};
}
Furthermore, permissions are ignored on already existing directories and
therefore may allow others to read private data eventually.
Given that createHome already acts as switch to not only create but
effectively own the home directory, manage permissions in the same
manner to ensure the intended default and cover all primary attributes.
Avoid yet another configuration option to have administrators make a
clear and simple choice between securely managing home directories
and optionally defering management to own code (taking care of custom
location, ownership, mode, extended attributes, etc.).
While here, simplify and thereby fix misleading documentation.
This attribute is a generalized version of cryptHomeLuks for creating an
entry in /etc/security/pam_mount.conf.xml. It lets the configuration
control all the attributes of the <volume> entry, instead of just the
path. The default path remains the value of cryptHomeLuks, for
compatibility.
This allows disabling users.mutableUsers without configuring any
authentication mechanisms (passwords, authorized SSH keys) other than
Google OS Login.
This is required by (among others) Podman to run containers in rootless mode.
Other distributions such as Fedora and Ubuntu already set up these mappings.
The scheme with a start UID/GID offset starting at 100000 and increasing in 65536 increments is copied from Fedora.
This explanation was contained in the description of
security.initialRootPassword but got lost when it was deprecated
a long ago (f496c3c) and removed.
This option has been deprecated for a long time because is redundant
(users.users.root.initialHashedPassword exists).
Moreover, being of type string, it required to handle the special value
"!" separately, instead of using just `null`.
This explains the
# Allow the user to log in as root without a password.
users.users.root.initialHashedPassword = "";
that the NixOS installer live systems use in
`profiles/installation-device.nix`.
A centralized list for these renames is not good because:
- It breaks disabledModules for modules that have a rename defined
- Adding/removing renames for a module means having to find them in the
central file
- Merge conflicts due to multiple people editing the central file
This change is needed because the order of profiles correlate to the
order in PATH, therefore "/etc/profiles/per-user/$USER" always appeared
after the system packages directories.
I want to manage users centrally via declarativeUsers,
but allow users to change their shell as they please,
similar to how they can change passwords at will
if none of the password-related NixOS settings are set for their user.
With #36556, a check was introduced to make sure the user and group
names do not exceed their respective maximum length. This is in part
because systemd also enforces that length, but only at runtime.
So in general it's a good idea to catch as much as we can during
evaluation time, however the maximum length of the group name was set to
16 characters according groupadd(8).
The maximum length of the group names however is a compile-time option
and even systemd allows more than 16 characters. In the mentioned pull
request (#36556) there was already a report that this has broken
evaluation for people out there.
I have also checked what other distributions are doing and they set the
length to either 31 characters or 32 characters, the latter being more
common.
Unfortunately there is a difference between the maximum length enforced
by the shadow package and systemd, both for user name lengths and group
name lengths. However, systemd enforces both length to have a maximum of
31 characters and I'm not sure if this is intended or just a off-by-one
error in systemd.
Nevertheless, I choose 32 characters simply to bring it in par with the
maximum user name length.
For the NixOS assertion however, I use a maximum length of 31 to make
sure that nobody accidentally creates services that contain group names
that systemd considers invalid because of a length of 32 characters.
Signed-off-by: aszlig <aszlig@nix.build>
Closes: #38548
Cc: @vcunat, @fpletz, @qknight
This GID was used to exempt users from Grsecurity's
`/proc` restrictions; we now prefer to rely on
`security.hideProcessInformation`, which uses the `proc` group
for this purpose. That leaves no use for the grsecurity GID.
More generally, having only a single GID to, presumably, serve as the
default for all of grsecurity's GID based exemption/resriction schemes
would be problematic in any event, so if we decide to enable those
grsecurity features in the future, more specific GIDs should be added.
Option aliases/deprecations can now be declared in any NixOS module,
not just in nixos/modules/rename.nix. This is more modular (since it
allows for example grub-related aliases to be declared in the grub
module), and allows aliases outside of NixOS (e.g. in NixOps modules).
The syntax is a bit funky. Ideally we'd have something like:
options = {
foo.bar.newOption = mkOption { ... };
foo.bar.oldOption = mkAliasOption [ "foo" "bar" "newOption" ];
};
but that's not possible because options cannot define values in
*other* options - you need to have a "config" for that. So instead we
have functions that return a *module*: mkRemovedOptionModule,
mkRenamedOptionModule and mkAliasOptionModule. These can be used via
"imports", e.g.
imports = [
(mkAliasOptionModule [ "foo" "bar" "oldOption" ] [ "foo" "bar" "newOption" ]);
];
As an added bonus, deprecation warnings now show the file name of the
offending module.
Fixes#10385.
In this case, they're equivalent to setting ‘password’ and
‘hashedPassword’ (since there is no distinction between an initial and
non-initial user account state).
This hopefully fixes a regression introduced by 08b214a.
In bf129a2, it was already fixed for normal uid/gid values and it got
reintroduced by sub-uid/gid-handling again, so I've refactored it a bit
into a filterNull function which takes care of also the filtering
introduced by bf129a2.
I have not tested this extensively, but master is already broken for
systems with `mutableUsers = true` and no uid values set.
Signed-off-by: aszlig <aszlig@redmoonstudios.org>
With mutableUsers = true, we now ensure that all users and groups that
were created declaratively, are updated or removed
appropriately. Thus, adding a user to users.extraUsers and then
removing it now causes the acoount to be removed from
/etc/passwd. Thus user/group management is fully congruent except that
users and groups that were created imperatively (via useradd/groupadd)
are not touched. We distinguish between declarative and imperative
users/groups by tracking the former in
/var/lib/nixos/declarative-{groups,users}.
With mutableUsers = false, you are now no longer required to specify
UIDs/GIDs for all users. The handling of mutableUsers = true/false is
the same code path; the only difference is that the "false" mode
ignores the existing contents of /etc/{passwd,group}.
The attribute ‘createUser’ is gone. It doesn't really make sense to
specify users that shouldn't be created.
Using pkgs.lib on the spine of module evaluation is problematic
because the pkgs argument depends on the result of module
evaluation. To prevent an infinite recursion, pkgs and some of the
modules are evaluated twice, which is inefficient. Using ‘with lib’
prevents this problem.
This module implements a significant refactoring in grsecurity
configuration for NixOS, making it far more usable by default and much
easier to configure.
- New security.grsecurity NixOS attributes.
- All grsec kernels supported
- Allows default 'auto' grsec configuration, or custom config
- Supports custom kernel options through kernelExtraConfig
- Defaults to high-security - user must choose kernel, server/desktop
mode, and any virtualisation software. That's all.
- kptr_restrict is fixed under grsecurity (it's unwriteable)
- grsecurity patch creation is now significantly abstracted
- only need revision, version, and SHA1
- kernel version requirements are asserted for sanity
- built kernels can have the uname specify the exact grsec version
for development or bug reports. Off by default (requires
`security.grsecurity.config.verboseVersion = true;`)
- grsecurity sysctl support
- By default, disabled.
- For people who enable it, NixOS deploys a 'grsec-lock' systemd
service which runs at startup. You are expected to configure sysctl
through NixOS like you regularly would, which will occur before the
service is started. As a result, changing sysctl settings requires
a reboot.
- New default group: 'grsecurity'
- Root is a member by default
- GRKERNSEC_PROC_GID is implicitly set to the 'grsecurity' GID,
making it possible to easily add users to this group for /proc
access
- AppArmor is now automatically enabled where it wasn't before, despite
implying features.apparmor = true
The most trivial example of enabling grsecurity in your kernel is by
specifying:
security.grsecurity.enable = true;
security.grsecurity.testing = true; # testing 3.13 kernel
security.grsecurity.config.system = "desktop"; # or "server"
This specifies absolutely no virtualisation support. In general, you
probably at least want KVM host support, which is a little more work.
So:
security.grsecurity.enable = true;
security.grsecurity.stable = true; # enable stable 3.2 kernel
security.grsecurity.config = {
system = "server";
priority = "security";
virtualisationConfig = "host";
virtualisationSoftware = "kvm";
hardwareVirtualisation = true;
}
This module has primarily been tested on Hetzner EX40 & VQ7 servers
using NixOps.
Signed-off-by: Austin Seipp <aseipp@pobox.com>
