137 lines
5.6 KiB
XML
137 lines
5.6 KiB
XML
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-x11">
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<title>X Window System</title>
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<para>
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The X Window System (X11) provides the basis of NixOS’ graphical user
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interface. It can be enabled as follows:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.enable"/> = true;
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</programlisting>
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The X server will automatically detect and use the appropriate video driver
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from a set of X.org drivers (such as <literal>vesa</literal> and
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<literal>intel</literal>). You can also specify a driver manually, e.g.
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.videoDrivers"/> = [ "r128" ];
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</programlisting>
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to enable X.org’s <literal>xf86-video-r128</literal> driver.
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</para>
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<para>
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You also need to enable at least one desktop or window manager. Otherwise,
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you can only log into a plain undecorated <command>xterm</command> window.
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Thus you should pick one or more of the following lines:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.desktopManager.plasma5.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.desktopManager.xfce.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.desktopManager.gnome3.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.desktopManager.mate.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.windowManager.xmonad.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.windowManager.twm.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.windowManager.icewm.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.windowManager.i3.enable"/> = true;
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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NixOS’s default <emphasis>display manager</emphasis> (the program that
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provides a graphical login prompt and manages the X server) is SLiM. You can
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select an alternative one by picking one of the following lines:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.displayManager.sddm.enable"/> = true;
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.displayManager.lightdm.enable"/> = true;
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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You can set the keyboard layout (and optionally the layout variant):
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.layout"/> = "de";
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.xkbVariant"/> = "neo";
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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The X server is started automatically at boot time. If you don’t want this
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to happen, you can set:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.autorun"/> = false;
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</programlisting>
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The X server can then be started manually:
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<screen>
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# systemctl start display-manager.service
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</screen>
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</para>
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<simplesect xml:id="sec-x11-graphics-cards-nvidia">
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<title>NVIDIA Graphics Cards</title>
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<para>
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NVIDIA provides a proprietary driver for its graphics cards that has better
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3D performance than the X.org drivers. It is not enabled by default because
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it’s not free software. You can enable it as follows:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.videoDrivers"/> = [ "nvidia" ];
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</programlisting>
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Or if you have an older card, you may have to use one of the legacy drivers:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.videoDrivers"/> = [ "nvidiaLegacy340" ];
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.videoDrivers"/> = [ "nvidiaLegacy304" ];
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.videoDrivers"/> = [ "nvidiaLegacy173" ];
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</programlisting>
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You may need to reboot after enabling this driver to prevent a clash with
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other kernel modules.
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</para>
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<para>
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On 64-bit systems, if you want full acceleration for 32-bit programs such as
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Wine, you should also set the following:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-hardware.opengl.driSupport32Bit"/> = true;
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect xml:id="sec-x11--graphics-cards-amd">
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<title>AMD Graphics Cards</title>
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<para>
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AMD provides a proprietary driver for its graphics cards that has better 3D
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performance than the X.org drivers. It is not enabled by default because
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it’s not free software. You can enable it as follows:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.videoDrivers"/> = [ "ati_unfree" ];
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</programlisting>
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You will need to reboot after enabling this driver to prevent a clash with
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other kernel modules.
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</para>
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<para>
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On 64-bit systems, if you want full acceleration for 32-bit programs such as
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Wine, you should also set the following:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-hardware.opengl.driSupport32Bit"/> = true;
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect xml:id="sec-x11-touchpads">
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<title>Touchpads</title>
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<para>
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Support for Synaptics touchpads (found in many laptops such as the Dell
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Latitude series) can be enabled as follows:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.libinput.enable"/> = true;
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</programlisting>
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The driver has many options (see <xref linkend="ch-options"/>). For
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instance, the following disables tap-to-click behavior:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-services.xserver.libinput.tapping"/> = false;
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</programlisting>
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Note: the use of <literal>services.xserver.synaptics</literal> is deprecated
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since NixOS 17.09.
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect xml:id="sec-x11-gtk-and-qt-themes">
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<title>GTK/Qt themes</title>
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<para>
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GTK themes can be installed either to user profile or system-wide (via
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<literal>environment.systemPackages</literal>). To make Qt 5 applications
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look similar to GTK2 ones, you can install <literal>qt5.qtbase.gtk</literal>
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package into your system environment. It should work for all Qt 5 library
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versions.
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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</chapter>
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