nixpkgs/nixos/modules/services/networking/firewall-iptables.nix

337 lines
12 KiB
Nix
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

/* This module enables a simple firewall.
The firewall can be customised in arbitrary ways by setting
networking.firewall.extraCommands. For modularity, the firewall
uses several chains:
- nixos-fw is the main chain for input packet processing.
- nixos-fw-accept is called for accepted packets. If you want
additional logging, or want to reject certain packets anyway, you
can insert rules at the start of this chain.
- nixos-fw-log-refuse and nixos-fw-refuse are called for
refused packets. (The former jumps to the latter after logging
the packet.) If you want additional logging, or want to accept
certain packets anyway, you can insert rules at the start of
this chain.
- nixos-fw-rpfilter is used as the main chain in the mangle table,
called from the built-in PREROUTING chain. If the kernel
supports it and `cfg.checkReversePath` is set this chain will
perform a reverse path filter test.
- nixos-drop is used while reloading the firewall in order to drop
all traffic. Since reloading isn't implemented in an atomic way
this'll prevent any traffic from leaking through while reloading
the firewall. However, if the reloading fails, the firewall-stop
script will be called which in return will effectively disable the
complete firewall (in the default configuration).
*/
{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
with lib;
let
cfg = config.networking.firewall;
inherit (config.boot.kernelPackages) kernel;
kernelHasRPFilter = ((kernel.config.isEnabled or (x: false)) "IP_NF_MATCH_RPFILTER") || (kernel.features.netfilterRPFilter or false);
helpers = import ./helpers.nix { inherit config lib; };
writeShScript = name: text:
let
dir = pkgs.writeScriptBin name ''
#! ${pkgs.runtimeShell} -e
${text}
'';
in
"${dir}/bin/${name}";
startScript = writeShScript "firewall-start" ''
${helpers}
# Flush the old firewall rules. !!! Ideally, updating the
# firewall would be atomic. Apparently that's possible
# with iptables-restore.
ip46tables -D INPUT -j nixos-fw 2> /dev/null || true
for chain in nixos-fw nixos-fw-accept nixos-fw-log-refuse nixos-fw-refuse; do
ip46tables -F "$chain" 2> /dev/null || true
ip46tables -X "$chain" 2> /dev/null || true
done
# The "nixos-fw-accept" chain just accepts packets.
ip46tables -N nixos-fw-accept
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-accept -j ACCEPT
# The "nixos-fw-refuse" chain rejects or drops packets.
ip46tables -N nixos-fw-refuse
${if cfg.rejectPackets then ''
# Send a reset for existing TCP connections that we've
# somehow forgotten about. Send ICMP "port unreachable"
# for everything else.
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-refuse -p tcp ! --syn -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-refuse -j REJECT
'' else ''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-refuse -j DROP
''}
# The "nixos-fw-log-refuse" chain performs logging, then
# jumps to the "nixos-fw-refuse" chain.
ip46tables -N nixos-fw-log-refuse
${optionalString cfg.logRefusedConnections ''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-log-refuse -p tcp --syn -j LOG --log-level info --log-prefix "refused connection: "
''}
${optionalString (cfg.logRefusedPackets && !cfg.logRefusedUnicastsOnly) ''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-log-refuse -m pkttype --pkt-type broadcast \
-j LOG --log-level info --log-prefix "refused broadcast: "
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-log-refuse -m pkttype --pkt-type multicast \
-j LOG --log-level info --log-prefix "refused multicast: "
''}
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-log-refuse -m pkttype ! --pkt-type unicast -j nixos-fw-refuse
${optionalString cfg.logRefusedPackets ''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-log-refuse \
-j LOG --log-level info --log-prefix "refused packet: "
''}
ip46tables -A nixos-fw-log-refuse -j nixos-fw-refuse
# The "nixos-fw" chain does the actual work.
ip46tables -N nixos-fw
# Clean up rpfilter rules
ip46tables -t mangle -D PREROUTING -j nixos-fw-rpfilter 2> /dev/null || true
ip46tables -t mangle -F nixos-fw-rpfilter 2> /dev/null || true
ip46tables -t mangle -X nixos-fw-rpfilter 2> /dev/null || true
${optionalString (kernelHasRPFilter && (cfg.checkReversePath != false)) ''
# Perform a reverse-path test to refuse spoofers
# For now, we just drop, as the mangle table doesn't have a log-refuse yet
ip46tables -t mangle -N nixos-fw-rpfilter 2> /dev/null || true
ip46tables -t mangle -A nixos-fw-rpfilter -m rpfilter --validmark ${optionalString (cfg.checkReversePath == "loose") "--loose"} -j RETURN
# Allows this host to act as a DHCP4 client without first having to use APIPA
iptables -t mangle -A nixos-fw-rpfilter -p udp --sport 67 --dport 68 -j RETURN
# Allows this host to act as a DHCPv4 server
iptables -t mangle -A nixos-fw-rpfilter -s 0.0.0.0 -d 255.255.255.255 -p udp --sport 68 --dport 67 -j RETURN
${optionalString cfg.logReversePathDrops ''
ip46tables -t mangle -A nixos-fw-rpfilter -j LOG --log-level info --log-prefix "rpfilter drop: "
''}
ip46tables -t mangle -A nixos-fw-rpfilter -j DROP
ip46tables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j nixos-fw-rpfilter
''}
# Accept all traffic on the trusted interfaces.
${flip concatMapStrings cfg.trustedInterfaces (iface: ''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw -i ${iface} -j nixos-fw-accept
'')}
# Accept packets from established or related connections.
ip46tables -A nixos-fw -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j nixos-fw-accept
# Accept connections to the allowed TCP ports.
${concatStrings (mapAttrsToList (iface: cfg:
concatMapStrings (port:
''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw -p tcp --dport ${toString port} -j nixos-fw-accept ${optionalString (iface != "default") "-i ${iface}"}
''
) cfg.allowedTCPPorts
) cfg.allInterfaces)}
# Accept connections to the allowed TCP port ranges.
${concatStrings (mapAttrsToList (iface: cfg:
concatMapStrings (rangeAttr:
let range = toString rangeAttr.from + ":" + toString rangeAttr.to; in
''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw -p tcp --dport ${range} -j nixos-fw-accept ${optionalString (iface != "default") "-i ${iface}"}
''
) cfg.allowedTCPPortRanges
) cfg.allInterfaces)}
# Accept packets on the allowed UDP ports.
${concatStrings (mapAttrsToList (iface: cfg:
concatMapStrings (port:
''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw -p udp --dport ${toString port} -j nixos-fw-accept ${optionalString (iface != "default") "-i ${iface}"}
''
) cfg.allowedUDPPorts
) cfg.allInterfaces)}
# Accept packets on the allowed UDP port ranges.
${concatStrings (mapAttrsToList (iface: cfg:
concatMapStrings (rangeAttr:
let range = toString rangeAttr.from + ":" + toString rangeAttr.to; in
''
ip46tables -A nixos-fw -p udp --dport ${range} -j nixos-fw-accept ${optionalString (iface != "default") "-i ${iface}"}
''
) cfg.allowedUDPPortRanges
) cfg.allInterfaces)}
# Optionally respond to ICMPv4 pings.
${optionalString cfg.allowPing ''
iptables -w -A nixos-fw -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request ${optionalString (cfg.pingLimit != null)
"-m limit ${cfg.pingLimit} "
}-j nixos-fw-accept
''}
${optionalString config.networking.enableIPv6 ''
# Accept all ICMPv6 messages except redirects and node
# information queries (type 139). See RFC 4890, section
# 4.4.
ip6tables -A nixos-fw -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type redirect -j DROP
ip6tables -A nixos-fw -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type 139 -j DROP
ip6tables -A nixos-fw -p icmpv6 -j nixos-fw-accept
# Allow this host to act as a DHCPv6 client
ip6tables -A nixos-fw -d fe80::/64 -p udp --dport 546 -j nixos-fw-accept
''}
${cfg.extraCommands}
# Reject/drop everything else.
ip46tables -A nixos-fw -j nixos-fw-log-refuse
# Enable the firewall.
ip46tables -A INPUT -j nixos-fw
'';
stopScript = writeShScript "firewall-stop" ''
${helpers}
# Clean up in case reload fails
ip46tables -D INPUT -j nixos-drop 2>/dev/null || true
# Clean up after added ruleset
ip46tables -D INPUT -j nixos-fw 2>/dev/null || true
${optionalString (kernelHasRPFilter && (cfg.checkReversePath != false)) ''
ip46tables -t mangle -D PREROUTING -j nixos-fw-rpfilter 2>/dev/null || true
''}
${cfg.extraStopCommands}
'';
reloadScript = writeShScript "firewall-reload" ''
${helpers}
# Create a unique drop rule
ip46tables -D INPUT -j nixos-drop 2>/dev/null || true
ip46tables -F nixos-drop 2>/dev/null || true
ip46tables -X nixos-drop 2>/dev/null || true
ip46tables -N nixos-drop
ip46tables -A nixos-drop -j DROP
# Don't allow traffic to leak out until the script has completed
ip46tables -A INPUT -j nixos-drop
${cfg.extraStopCommands}
if ${startScript}; then
ip46tables -D INPUT -j nixos-drop 2>/dev/null || true
else
echo "Failed to reload firewall... Stopping"
${stopScript}
exit 1
fi
'';
in
{
options = {
networking.firewall = {
extraCommands = mkOption {
type = types.lines;
default = "";
example = "iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT";
description = lib.mdDoc ''
Additional shell commands executed as part of the firewall
initialisation script. These are executed just before the
final "reject" firewall rule is added, so they can be used
to allow packets that would otherwise be refused.
This option only works with the iptables based firewall.
'';
};
extraStopCommands = mkOption {
type = types.lines;
default = "";
example = "iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT";
description = lib.mdDoc ''
Additional shell commands executed as part of the firewall
shutdown script. These are executed just after the removal
of the NixOS input rule, or if the service enters a failed
state.
This option only works with the iptables based firewall.
'';
};
};
};
# FIXME: Maybe if `enable' is false, the firewall should still be
# built but not started by default?
config = mkIf (cfg.enable && config.networking.nftables.enable == false) {
assertions = [
# This is approximately "checkReversePath -> kernelHasRPFilter",
# but the checkReversePath option can include non-boolean
# values.
{
assertion = cfg.checkReversePath == false || kernelHasRPFilter;
message = "This kernel does not support rpfilter";
}
];
environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.nixos-firewall-tool ];
networking.firewall.checkReversePath = mkIf (!kernelHasRPFilter) (mkDefault false);
systemd.services.firewall = {
description = "Firewall";
wantedBy = [ "sysinit.target" ];
wants = [ "network-pre.target" ];
after = [ "systemd-modules-load.service" ];
before = [ "network-pre.target" "shutdown.target" ];
conflicts = [ "shutdown.target" ];
path = [ cfg.package ] ++ cfg.extraPackages;
# FIXME: this module may also try to load kernel modules, but
# containers don't have CAP_SYS_MODULE. So the host system had
# better have all necessary modules already loaded.
unitConfig.ConditionCapability = "CAP_NET_ADMIN";
unitConfig.DefaultDependencies = false;
reloadIfChanged = true;
serviceConfig = {
Type = "oneshot";
RemainAfterExit = true;
ExecStart = "@${startScript} firewall-start";
ExecReload = "@${reloadScript} firewall-reload";
ExecStop = "@${stopScript} firewall-stop";
};
};
};
}